WGU D115 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
OA Exam Questions and Answers 2025 Top Rated
A+
When assessing for the signs and symptoms of acute respiratory distress
syndrome, the absence of which condition is considered characteristic?
A) Heart failure
ARDS is the most severe form of acute lung inflammation and is defined by acute
onset of bilateral infiltrates not explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload, and
a low ratio of the partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inhaled
oxygen.
Pulmonary edema in ARDS is the result of an increase in what?
,C) Capillary hydrostatic pressure
The most common cause of pulmonary edema is left-sided heart disease which
leads to increasing pressure on the left side of the heart which can cause a
concomitant increase in pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure.
Capillary hydrostatic pressure (CHP) versus capillary permeability
accumulation of excess interstitial fluid, which results from elevated capillary
hydrostatic pressure while permeability edema results from disruption of the
physical structure of the pores in the microvascular membrane such that the
barrier is less able to restrict the movement
Which immunoglobulin may contribute to the pathophysiologic characteristics of
asthma?
A) IgE
Immunoglobulin E-mediated airway inflammation is active in most patients with
asthma.
When providing patient education regarding asthma. The FNP states that control
of symptoms is necessary due to which pathophysiologic process?
B) Uncontrolled inflammation leads to increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness
and eventual scarring.
Untreated inflammation can lead to long-term airway damage that is irreversible,
known as airway remodeling.
,Which factor is responsible for the hypertrophy of the myocardium associated
with hypertension?
C) Angiotensin II
Hypertension causes an increased cardiovascular mechanical load that can
deleteriously affect heart function. An early myocardial response is an increase in
cardiac Angiotensin II (Ang II) protein levels, which is intimately associated with
the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
The FNP is seeing a patient for a routine health maintenance visit. The patient's
initial blood pressure, taken by the RN is 156/102 mm Hg. A repeat BP by the FNP
is 148/92. The remainder of the patient's physical exam in unremarkable. The FNP
understands that the plan of care for this patient should include all of the
following except:
C) Initiation of anti-hypertensive medications
Evaluation and management of blood pressure should by highly individualized.
The diagnosis of hypertension is based upon the measurement of blood pressure
on AT LEAST two separate occasions averaging at least 2 mins apart. Evaluation
should also include a comprehensive assessment of lifestyle and risk factors, CBC,
BMP, and UA. Initiation of anti-hypertensive medication would not occur until the
diagnosis of hypertension is confirmed, and is dependent upon the stage of
hypertension.
An older adult patient has a diagnosis of left-sided heart failure. The FNP would
identify what common condition associated with heart failure?
, B) Untreated hypertension
Untreated HTN causes significant increased work of the the LV, eventually causing
left-sided HF.
When cardiac output falls in heart failure, the body attempts to compensate.
What electrolyte imbalances result from this response?
B) Hyponatremia and hypokalemia
The compensatory mechanism causes excess secretion of aldosterone that
predisposes to potassium excretion. total body sodium content will be greater
than normal, but the excessive secretion of ADH causes greater retention of water,
diluting the serum level. ADH is continually secreted because of the presence of
low pressure at the carotid sinus baroreceptors, directly related to low cardiac
output.
We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
The FNP is performing an assessment on a patient who is having difficulty
controlling his left-sided heart failure. The FNP understands that the primary
symptoms associated with this type of HF are:
B) Dyspnea and pulmonary congestion
Respiratory symptoms are predominant in patients with left-sided HF.
OA Exam Questions and Answers 2025 Top Rated
A+
When assessing for the signs and symptoms of acute respiratory distress
syndrome, the absence of which condition is considered characteristic?
A) Heart failure
ARDS is the most severe form of acute lung inflammation and is defined by acute
onset of bilateral infiltrates not explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload, and
a low ratio of the partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inhaled
oxygen.
Pulmonary edema in ARDS is the result of an increase in what?
,C) Capillary hydrostatic pressure
The most common cause of pulmonary edema is left-sided heart disease which
leads to increasing pressure on the left side of the heart which can cause a
concomitant increase in pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure.
Capillary hydrostatic pressure (CHP) versus capillary permeability
accumulation of excess interstitial fluid, which results from elevated capillary
hydrostatic pressure while permeability edema results from disruption of the
physical structure of the pores in the microvascular membrane such that the
barrier is less able to restrict the movement
Which immunoglobulin may contribute to the pathophysiologic characteristics of
asthma?
A) IgE
Immunoglobulin E-mediated airway inflammation is active in most patients with
asthma.
When providing patient education regarding asthma. The FNP states that control
of symptoms is necessary due to which pathophysiologic process?
B) Uncontrolled inflammation leads to increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness
and eventual scarring.
Untreated inflammation can lead to long-term airway damage that is irreversible,
known as airway remodeling.
,Which factor is responsible for the hypertrophy of the myocardium associated
with hypertension?
C) Angiotensin II
Hypertension causes an increased cardiovascular mechanical load that can
deleteriously affect heart function. An early myocardial response is an increase in
cardiac Angiotensin II (Ang II) protein levels, which is intimately associated with
the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
The FNP is seeing a patient for a routine health maintenance visit. The patient's
initial blood pressure, taken by the RN is 156/102 mm Hg. A repeat BP by the FNP
is 148/92. The remainder of the patient's physical exam in unremarkable. The FNP
understands that the plan of care for this patient should include all of the
following except:
C) Initiation of anti-hypertensive medications
Evaluation and management of blood pressure should by highly individualized.
The diagnosis of hypertension is based upon the measurement of blood pressure
on AT LEAST two separate occasions averaging at least 2 mins apart. Evaluation
should also include a comprehensive assessment of lifestyle and risk factors, CBC,
BMP, and UA. Initiation of anti-hypertensive medication would not occur until the
diagnosis of hypertension is confirmed, and is dependent upon the stage of
hypertension.
An older adult patient has a diagnosis of left-sided heart failure. The FNP would
identify what common condition associated with heart failure?
, B) Untreated hypertension
Untreated HTN causes significant increased work of the the LV, eventually causing
left-sided HF.
When cardiac output falls in heart failure, the body attempts to compensate.
What electrolyte imbalances result from this response?
B) Hyponatremia and hypokalemia
The compensatory mechanism causes excess secretion of aldosterone that
predisposes to potassium excretion. total body sodium content will be greater
than normal, but the excessive secretion of ADH causes greater retention of water,
diluting the serum level. ADH is continually secreted because of the presence of
low pressure at the carotid sinus baroreceptors, directly related to low cardiac
output.
We have an expert-written solution to this problem!
The FNP is performing an assessment on a patient who is having difficulty
controlling his left-sided heart failure. The FNP understands that the primary
symptoms associated with this type of HF are:
B) Dyspnea and pulmonary congestion
Respiratory symptoms are predominant in patients with left-sided HF.
