ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY NURS 6521
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
✪ 50 Questions and Answers
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks
1. Where sodium goes in the body, what tends to follow?
A. Magnesium and chloride
B. Calcium and urea
C. Potassium and water
D. Glucose and albumin
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Sodium transport affects fluid balance. Potassium and water often follow
sodium movement, impacting cellular function and volume status.
2. What is the mechanism of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
A. Enhance reabsorption of sodium
B. Increase secretion of potassium
C. Reduce reabsorption of bicarbonate
D. Block aldosterone
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: These drugs reduce bicarbonate reabsorption in the proximal tubule, leading
to diuresis and mild metabolic acidosis.
3. Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly associated with carbonic anhydrase
inhibitors?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Increased potassium secretion
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: This drug class promotes potassium loss, increasing the risk for
hypokalemia.
, 4. What is a potential metabolic side effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Respiratory alkalosis
D. Lactic acidosis
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Due to bicarbonate loss, metabolic acidosis can result.
5. Which of the following is an example of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor?
A. Mannitol
B. Furosemide
C. Acetazolamide
D. Spironolactone
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Acetazolamide is a prototypical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used for
glaucoma, altitude sickness, and diuresis.
6. What adverse effect is associated with loop diuretics?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Ototoxicity
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Bradycardia
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: High doses or rapid IV administration of loop diuretics like furosemide can
damage the auditory nerve.
7. Which condition can be worsened by loop diuretics?
A. Hypertension
B. Hypothyroidism
C. Gout
D. Asthma
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Loop diuretics can elevate uric acid levels, exacerbating gout.
8. Which of the following is NOT a loop diuretic?
A. Bumetanide
B. Torsemide
C. Ethacrynic acid
Actual Questions and Answers
Expert-Verified Explanation
This Exam contains:
✪ 50 Questions and Answers
✪ Multiple-choice and True/False Format
✪ Expert-Verified Explanations
✪ Verified with Trusted Textbooks
1. Where sodium goes in the body, what tends to follow?
A. Magnesium and chloride
B. Calcium and urea
C. Potassium and water
D. Glucose and albumin
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Sodium transport affects fluid balance. Potassium and water often follow
sodium movement, impacting cellular function and volume status.
2. What is the mechanism of action of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
A. Enhance reabsorption of sodium
B. Increase secretion of potassium
C. Reduce reabsorption of bicarbonate
D. Block aldosterone
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: These drugs reduce bicarbonate reabsorption in the proximal tubule, leading
to diuresis and mild metabolic acidosis.
3. Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly associated with carbonic anhydrase
inhibitors?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Increased potassium secretion
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: This drug class promotes potassium loss, increasing the risk for
hypokalemia.
, 4. What is a potential metabolic side effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Respiratory alkalosis
D. Lactic acidosis
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: Due to bicarbonate loss, metabolic acidosis can result.
5. Which of the following is an example of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor?
A. Mannitol
B. Furosemide
C. Acetazolamide
D. Spironolactone
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Acetazolamide is a prototypical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used for
glaucoma, altitude sickness, and diuresis.
6. What adverse effect is associated with loop diuretics?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Ototoxicity
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Bradycardia
Answer: B
EXPLANATION: High doses or rapid IV administration of loop diuretics like furosemide can
damage the auditory nerve.
7. Which condition can be worsened by loop diuretics?
A. Hypertension
B. Hypothyroidism
C. Gout
D. Asthma
Answer: C
EXPLANATION: Loop diuretics can elevate uric acid levels, exacerbating gout.
8. Which of the following is NOT a loop diuretic?
A. Bumetanide
B. Torsemide
C. Ethacrynic acid
