DETAILED COMP SCI 2103 Alg exam Notes

Dynamic arrays are stored in contiguous memory locations.The array is dynamically adjusted to accommodate for the size. When we create a list, it holds references (pointers) to objects rather than the raw data itself. These objects can be of all data types. Linked List are stored in nodes in memory. How Linked List works is that each node contains a pointer to the next node in the sequence. Linked lists are inherently dynamic data structures, they rely on new and delete for their operation. While arrays solely need to store the data values, linked lists must store not only the data values but also memory addresses stored in each pointer. ADT example Allin .h (no .cpp) or Recursion vs Iterative Loop The use of recursion does have implications for space usage at runtime. This is primarily due to the way the call stack works in B C++. When a function is called in a program, a new stack frame is created and added (pushed) onto the call stack. This stack frame contains information such as functions local variables, parameters and then the return address. When a recursive function is called, it keeps calling itself, adding a new stack frame to the call stack and for each recursive call it means more memory is needed before reaching its base case Tail - Recursion : The recursive call is the last operation in the function. This means that the compiler or interpreter can optimize tail recursion by reusing the existing stack frame for il each recursive call, rather than creating a new one. This can significantly reduce the space complexity of the recursive function and prevent stack overflow errors for very deep recursion. "‘'o ents. end( t = (); // if true, contain _‘Un el . m::fu(cm] "’W,M 0d(), elene Dynamic arrays are stored in contiguous memory locations.The array is dynamically adjusted to accommodate for the size. When we create a list, it holds references (pointers) to objects rather than the raw data itself. These objects can be of all data types. Linked List are stored in nodes in memory. How Linked List works is that each node contains a pointer to the next node in the sequence. Linked lists are inherently dynamic data structures, they rely on new and delete for their operation. While arrays solely need to store the data values, linked lists must stor