HEARING AID RELIABLE TEST EXAMS 2025/2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔upper limit of aidable loss - ✔✔what levels are upper limit?
-severe-profound losses - dynamic rage of speech needs to be fitted into dynamic range
of hearing aid
✔✔medical contradiction - ✔✔-sudden onset of hearing loss
-rapidly progressing hearing loss
-ear pain
-tinnitus of sudden or recent onset, or unilateral tinnitus
-unilateral or assymetrical hearing loss of unknown origin
-vertigo
-conductive hearing loss
-otitis externa or otitis media
-wax filling more than 25% of cross section of ear canal
-atresia
✔✔motivational tools the line - ✔✔-opens up a dialogue about how important it is for
them to improve their hearing.
-gauge whether they are ready to start taking an active role in their treatment program
-help explore if patient feels they have the necessary resources to follow through with
recommended treatment
-goes from 0-10
how important is it for you to improve your hearing ?
how much do you believe in your ability to use hearing aids? elaborate?
✔✔motivational tools box - ✔✔-used in combination with the line 2 reasons
1. to make patient more aware of their positive and negative feelings about hearing loss
2. give you a picture of how motivated the patient is
-patient needs to complete the box on their own, then elaborate on their responses
✔✔motivational tools circle - ✔✔-shows 7 stages a patient goes through when changing
behaviour
-1st need to find out where they are on the wheel of change
-patient will move around the circle more than once
-may take several months to get a new behaviour
1. not ready at this stage (pre-contemplation)
2. have been thinking need h/as (contemplation)
3. have started to seek info about hearing aids (preparation)
4. ready to get hearing aids (action )
5. comfortable with idea of hearing aids (maintenance)
✔✔hearing impaired difficulties - ✔✔-decreased audibility
-decreasaed dynamic range
,-decreased frequency resolution
-decreased temporal resolution
-decreased localisation ability
-deficites in comnbination - decrease speech intelligibility
✔✔decreased audibility - ✔✔-more severe hearing loss, less audible the sound
-some cases only parts of phonemes heard and confusion arise
-high frequency components of speech are softer than the lower frequency components
of speech
-in 90% of adults and 75% children, degree of impairment worsens from 500-400Hz
-hence most hearing impaired people miss high frequency information
-hearing aids tend to provide more amplification for frequencies where speechh has the
weakest components and where hearing loss is greatest
✔✔decreased frequency resolution - ✔✔-normal hearers have good frequency
discrimination selectivity - they are better at seperating speech from noise. frequency
resolution decreases at high intensity levels
-greater snhl poorer the frequency selectivity
-greater snhl louder high the levels that the hearing impaired have to listen to so again a
reduction in frequency resolution
-if speech and noise are present in a hearing aid, the aid is limited in what it can do:
1. reduce noise through remote transmission
2. reduce noise through use of directional microphones
3. provide appropriate gain (to reduce upward spread of masking)
✔✔decreased temporal resolution - ✔✔-louder signals can mask softer sounds which
occur immediately before or after speech - more so with people with snhl
-adversely effects speech intelligibility
-ability to hear sounds during brief gaps in a more intense masker decrease as hearing
gets worse
-hearing aids can provide some compensation through fast acting compression (rapid
increase in gain for soft sounds and rapid decrease in gain for intense sounds)
✔✔poorer ability to localise sounds - ✔✔-depend on goood frequency (below 1.5KHz)
hearing for horizontal localisation - time and intensity cues
-depend on good high frequency hearing for vertical localisation
-need bilateral hearing
✔✔deficits in combination - ✔✔-each of previous aspects of hearing loss can result in
reduced intelligibility
-in combination they result in hearing impaired person understanding much less than a
normal hearing person in same situation
-person with snhl needs a better snr than a normal hearing person, person with chl
simply needs more gain
-need better snr as increase snhl: on average need 4dB snr improvement if loss is mild
to about 10dB snr improvement is loss is severe
, ✔✔service delivery models - ✔✔-characterised by te patterns of communication b/w
service providers and those receiving services
-in a medical or clinical model, practioners dominate the communication process,
determining both diagnosis and treatment
-in a rehabilitative model there is interactive communication b/w clinician and patient
✔✔rehabilitative model advantages - ✔✔-most likely to result in satisfacion with
services, compliance and recommended treatment and efficacy
-patients are more likely to follow treatment when they are motivated to participate in
treatment processes
-complicated lengthy treatment is less conducive to compliance than is short straight
forward treatment BUT individuals with disabilities and chronic conditions need ongoing
care and/or modifications to lifestyle
✔✔variables affecting patient compliance - ✔✔-intrapersonal/interpersonal vairables
--prior comlianc, rapport, patients expectations, perception of treatment, satisfaction
with treatment, communication
-treatment vairables: complexity, duration, continuity of care, follow up, reputation of
facility, waiting time referral, individual appointment times
-psychosocial vairables: physical status and functioning, family and social support,
emotional status, cognitive abilities
✔✔medical model - ✔✔-top down communication
-authoritarian
-clinical determines diagnosis and treatment
-clinician does something to clients
-appropriate and necessary in acute emergency setting
-assumes clinicaln knows what is right and best for the client
-oriented towards disease and pathology
✔✔rehabilitative model - ✔✔-horozontal communication
-interactive, facilitative
-clinician helps client identify and resolve their problems
-clinician does something with the patient
-ideal for chronic conditions and preventative measures requiring adherence to
treatment regime
-assumes clients perceptions and needs deicides treatment goals and strategies
-oriented towards adjustment and well being
✔✔obstacles to rehabilitative model - ✔✔-risk of non-compliance
-logistical constraints in clinical practice
-power of groups
-shift in focus to human dynamics of hearing loss
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS RATED A+
✔✔upper limit of aidable loss - ✔✔what levels are upper limit?
-severe-profound losses - dynamic rage of speech needs to be fitted into dynamic range
of hearing aid
✔✔medical contradiction - ✔✔-sudden onset of hearing loss
-rapidly progressing hearing loss
-ear pain
-tinnitus of sudden or recent onset, or unilateral tinnitus
-unilateral or assymetrical hearing loss of unknown origin
-vertigo
-conductive hearing loss
-otitis externa or otitis media
-wax filling more than 25% of cross section of ear canal
-atresia
✔✔motivational tools the line - ✔✔-opens up a dialogue about how important it is for
them to improve their hearing.
-gauge whether they are ready to start taking an active role in their treatment program
-help explore if patient feels they have the necessary resources to follow through with
recommended treatment
-goes from 0-10
how important is it for you to improve your hearing ?
how much do you believe in your ability to use hearing aids? elaborate?
✔✔motivational tools box - ✔✔-used in combination with the line 2 reasons
1. to make patient more aware of their positive and negative feelings about hearing loss
2. give you a picture of how motivated the patient is
-patient needs to complete the box on their own, then elaborate on their responses
✔✔motivational tools circle - ✔✔-shows 7 stages a patient goes through when changing
behaviour
-1st need to find out where they are on the wheel of change
-patient will move around the circle more than once
-may take several months to get a new behaviour
1. not ready at this stage (pre-contemplation)
2. have been thinking need h/as (contemplation)
3. have started to seek info about hearing aids (preparation)
4. ready to get hearing aids (action )
5. comfortable with idea of hearing aids (maintenance)
✔✔hearing impaired difficulties - ✔✔-decreased audibility
-decreasaed dynamic range
,-decreased frequency resolution
-decreased temporal resolution
-decreased localisation ability
-deficites in comnbination - decrease speech intelligibility
✔✔decreased audibility - ✔✔-more severe hearing loss, less audible the sound
-some cases only parts of phonemes heard and confusion arise
-high frequency components of speech are softer than the lower frequency components
of speech
-in 90% of adults and 75% children, degree of impairment worsens from 500-400Hz
-hence most hearing impaired people miss high frequency information
-hearing aids tend to provide more amplification for frequencies where speechh has the
weakest components and where hearing loss is greatest
✔✔decreased frequency resolution - ✔✔-normal hearers have good frequency
discrimination selectivity - they are better at seperating speech from noise. frequency
resolution decreases at high intensity levels
-greater snhl poorer the frequency selectivity
-greater snhl louder high the levels that the hearing impaired have to listen to so again a
reduction in frequency resolution
-if speech and noise are present in a hearing aid, the aid is limited in what it can do:
1. reduce noise through remote transmission
2. reduce noise through use of directional microphones
3. provide appropriate gain (to reduce upward spread of masking)
✔✔decreased temporal resolution - ✔✔-louder signals can mask softer sounds which
occur immediately before or after speech - more so with people with snhl
-adversely effects speech intelligibility
-ability to hear sounds during brief gaps in a more intense masker decrease as hearing
gets worse
-hearing aids can provide some compensation through fast acting compression (rapid
increase in gain for soft sounds and rapid decrease in gain for intense sounds)
✔✔poorer ability to localise sounds - ✔✔-depend on goood frequency (below 1.5KHz)
hearing for horizontal localisation - time and intensity cues
-depend on good high frequency hearing for vertical localisation
-need bilateral hearing
✔✔deficits in combination - ✔✔-each of previous aspects of hearing loss can result in
reduced intelligibility
-in combination they result in hearing impaired person understanding much less than a
normal hearing person in same situation
-person with snhl needs a better snr than a normal hearing person, person with chl
simply needs more gain
-need better snr as increase snhl: on average need 4dB snr improvement if loss is mild
to about 10dB snr improvement is loss is severe
, ✔✔service delivery models - ✔✔-characterised by te patterns of communication b/w
service providers and those receiving services
-in a medical or clinical model, practioners dominate the communication process,
determining both diagnosis and treatment
-in a rehabilitative model there is interactive communication b/w clinician and patient
✔✔rehabilitative model advantages - ✔✔-most likely to result in satisfacion with
services, compliance and recommended treatment and efficacy
-patients are more likely to follow treatment when they are motivated to participate in
treatment processes
-complicated lengthy treatment is less conducive to compliance than is short straight
forward treatment BUT individuals with disabilities and chronic conditions need ongoing
care and/or modifications to lifestyle
✔✔variables affecting patient compliance - ✔✔-intrapersonal/interpersonal vairables
--prior comlianc, rapport, patients expectations, perception of treatment, satisfaction
with treatment, communication
-treatment vairables: complexity, duration, continuity of care, follow up, reputation of
facility, waiting time referral, individual appointment times
-psychosocial vairables: physical status and functioning, family and social support,
emotional status, cognitive abilities
✔✔medical model - ✔✔-top down communication
-authoritarian
-clinical determines diagnosis and treatment
-clinician does something to clients
-appropriate and necessary in acute emergency setting
-assumes clinicaln knows what is right and best for the client
-oriented towards disease and pathology
✔✔rehabilitative model - ✔✔-horozontal communication
-interactive, facilitative
-clinician helps client identify and resolve their problems
-clinician does something with the patient
-ideal for chronic conditions and preventative measures requiring adherence to
treatment regime
-assumes clients perceptions and needs deicides treatment goals and strategies
-oriented towards adjustment and well being
✔✔obstacles to rehabilitative model - ✔✔-risk of non-compliance
-logistical constraints in clinical practice
-power of groups
-shift in focus to human dynamics of hearing loss
