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TEST BANK FOR ANATOM Y &
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PHYSIOLOGY,, THE UNI TY OF Il* Il* Il* Il*
FORM AND FUNCTION 8T H
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EDITION KENNETH SALA DIN
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, Chapter 02 Il* Il*
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The Chemistry of Life Il* Il* Il* Il*
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True / False Questions
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1. Minerals are organic elements extracted from the soil by plants.
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True False
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2. Molecules composed of two or more atoms are called compounds.
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True False
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3. Hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium are three isotopes of hydrogen.
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True False
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4. Potassium, sodium, and chlorine are trace elements.
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True False
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5. Ionic bonds break apart in water more easily than covalent bonds do.
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True False
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6. A solution is a mixture of two or more substances that are physically blended but not chemically
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combined. Il* Il*
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True False
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7. The pH of blood plasma is approximately 7.4, which is slightly acidic.
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True False
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8. The high heat capacity of water makes it a very ineffective coolant.
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True False
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9. In an exchange reaction, covalent bonds are broken and new covalent bonds are formed.
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True False
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10. Chemical reactions in which larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones are called catabolic
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reactions.
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True False
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11. The opposite of a dehydration synthesis reaction is a hydrolysis reaction.
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True False
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12. Unsaturated fatty acids have as much hydrogen as they can carry.
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True False
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13. A dipeptide is a molecule with two peptide bonds.
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True False
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14. All amino acids have both a carboxyl group and an amino group attached to a central carbon.
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True False
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15. ATP is the body's most important form of long-term energy storage.
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True False
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Multiple Choice Questions
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16. The most abundant element in the human body, by weight, is __________.
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A. nitrogen
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B. hydrogen
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C. carbon
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D. oxygen
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, E. calcium
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17. Sodium has an atomic number of 11 and an atomic mass of 23. Sodium has __________.
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A. 12 neutrons and 11 protons
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B. 12 protons and 11 neutrons
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C. 12 electrons and 11 neutrons
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D. 12 protons and 11 electrons
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E. 12 electrons and 11 protons
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18. The chemical properties of an atom are determined by its __________.
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A. protons
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B. electrons
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C. neutrons
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D. protons and neutrons
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E. particles
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19. Na (atomic no. 11) reacts with Cl (atomic no. 17) to become stable. In the reaction, Na will
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____________, while Cl will ____________.
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A. accept one electron; give up one electron
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B. give up one proton; accept one proton
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C. share one electron with chlorine; share one electron with sodium
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D. become an anion; become a cation
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E. give up one electron; accept one electron
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20. Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and an atomic mass of 16. How many valence electrons does it have?
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21. Oxygen has an atomic number of eight. When two oxygen atoms come together, they form a(n)
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__________ bond.
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A. hydrogen
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B. nonpolar covalent
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C. polar covalent
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D. ionic
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E. Van der Waals
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22. When table salt, sodium chloride (NaCl), is placed in water __________.
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A. Na+ and Cl- form ionic bonds with each otherIl* Il* Il* Il* Il* Il* Il* Il* Il*
+ -
B. Na and Cl form polar covalent bonds with each other
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C. Na+ and Cl- form hydrogen bonds with water Il* Il* Il* Il* Il* Il* Il* Il*
D. Ionic bonds between Na+ and Cl- are broken Il* Il* Il* Il* Il* Il* Il*
E. Na+ and Cl- become separated by their Van der Waals forces
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, 23. The bonding properties of an atom are determined by its __________.
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A. electrons
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B. protons
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C. positrons
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D. neutrons
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E. photons
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24. What type of bond attracts one water molecule to another?
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A. An ionic bond
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B. A peptide bond
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C. A hydrogen bond
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D. A covalent bond
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E. A hydrolytic bond Il*
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Check All That Apply Questions
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25. Which of these is a cation? Check all that apply.
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____ K+ Il* Il* Il*
____ Na+ Il* Il* Il*
2+
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Multiple Choice Questions
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26. __________ account for 98.5% of the body's weight.
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A. Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, sodium, potassium, and chlorine
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B. Carbon, oxygen, iron, sodium, potassium, and chlorine
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C. Carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, sodium, potassium, and chlorine
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D. Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sodium, and potassium
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E. Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus
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27. __________ differ from one another in their number of neutrons and atomic mass.
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A. Cations
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B. Anions
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C. Isotopes
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D. Electrolytes
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E. Free radicals
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28. When jumping into water you notice resistance. This resistance is caused by water's __________.
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A. adhesiveness
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