PHI2635 FSU Exam 1 (2025) Actual Exam
Questions and Answers A+ Graded
Bioethics .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-applied .ethics .focusing .on .health .care, .medical
.science, .and .medical .technology
Morality .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-concerns .moral .norms .or .standards .that .help .us
.decide .the .rightness .of .actions, .judge .the .goodness .of .persons .or .character,
.and .the .prescribed .form .of .moral .conduct
Ethics .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .study .of .morality .using .the .tools .and .methods
.of .philosophy
- .A .reasoned .way .of .delving .into .the .meaning .and .import .of .moral .concepts
.and .issues .of .evaluating .the .merits .of .moral .judgements .or .standards
Philosophy .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a .discipline .that .systematically .examines
.life's .big .questions .though .critical .reasoning, .logical .argument, .and .careful
.reflection
Descriptive .Ethics .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .study .of .morality .using .the
.methodology .of .science .
- .its .purpose .is .to .investigate .the .empirical .facts .of .morality: .the .actual .beliefs,
.behaviors, .and .practices .that .constitute .people's .moral .experience
- .ethics .asks ."how .ought .we .live?" .Descriptive .Ethics .asks ."How .do .we .in .fact
.live?"
Normative .Ethics .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .search .for, .and .justification .of,
.moral .standards .or .norms .
-aim .of .this .branch .is .to .establish .rationally .moral .principles, .rules, .virtues, .and
.theories .as .proper .guides .for .our .acquisitions .and .judgements
Metaethics .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-study .of .the .meaning .and .justification .of
.basic .moral .beliefs .
, - .it .is .the .business .of .metaethics .to .explore .fundamental .questions .such .as
.what .it .means .for .an .action .to .be .right .or .a .person .to .be .good
Four .Characteristics .of .Moral .Norms .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-1. .Normative
.Dominance
2. .Universality
3. .Impartiality
4. .Reasonableness
Normative .Dominance .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-moral .norms .are .presumed .to
.dominate .other .kinds .of .norms- .to .take .precedence .over .them .
ex: .an .aesthetic .(or .pragmatic) .norm .implying .that .homeless .people .should .be
.thrown .in .jail .for .blocking .the .view .of .a .beautiful .public .mural .would .have .to
.yield .to .moral .principles .demanding .more .humane .treatment .of .the .homeless.
Universality .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-moral .principles .or .judgements .apply .in .all
.relevantly .similar .situations .
ex: .if .it .is .wrong .for .you .to .tell .a .lie .in .a .particular .circumstance, .then .it .is
.wrong .for .everyone .in .relevantly .similar .circumstances .to .lie .
- .universality, .however, .is .not .unique .to .moral .norms; .its .a .characteristic .of .all
.normative .spheres
Impartiality .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .idea .that .everyone .should .be .considered
.equal, .that .everyones .interests .should .count .the .same; .no .person .is .any .better
.than .any .other; .everyone .should .be .treated .the .same .unless .there .is .a .morally
.relevant .difference .between .them .
- .requirement .of .moral .impartiality .prohibits .discrimination .against .people
.merely .because .they .are .different
Reasonableness .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-if .our .moral .judgements .have .any
.weight .to .them .at .all, .they .must .be .backed .by .the .best .of .reasons .
- .must .be .the .result .of .careful .reflection .in .which .we .arrive .at .good .reasons .for
.accepting .them, .reasons .that .could .be .acknowledged .as .such .by .any .other
.reasoning .person
Obligatory .Action .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-one .that .would .be .wrong .~not~ .to
.perform. .we .are .obligated .or .required .to .do .it
Permissable .Action .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-one .that .is .permitted. .it .is .not .wrong
.to .perform .it
Supererogatory .Action .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-one .that .is ."above .and .beyond
.our .duty". .it .is .praiseworthy- .a .good .thing .to .do- .but .not .required .like .giving .all
.your .possessions .to .the .homeless
Questions and Answers A+ Graded
Bioethics .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-applied .ethics .focusing .on .health .care, .medical
.science, .and .medical .technology
Morality .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-concerns .moral .norms .or .standards .that .help .us
.decide .the .rightness .of .actions, .judge .the .goodness .of .persons .or .character,
.and .the .prescribed .form .of .moral .conduct
Ethics .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .study .of .morality .using .the .tools .and .methods
.of .philosophy
- .A .reasoned .way .of .delving .into .the .meaning .and .import .of .moral .concepts
.and .issues .of .evaluating .the .merits .of .moral .judgements .or .standards
Philosophy .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a .discipline .that .systematically .examines
.life's .big .questions .though .critical .reasoning, .logical .argument, .and .careful
.reflection
Descriptive .Ethics .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .study .of .morality .using .the
.methodology .of .science .
- .its .purpose .is .to .investigate .the .empirical .facts .of .morality: .the .actual .beliefs,
.behaviors, .and .practices .that .constitute .people's .moral .experience
- .ethics .asks ."how .ought .we .live?" .Descriptive .Ethics .asks ."How .do .we .in .fact
.live?"
Normative .Ethics .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .search .for, .and .justification .of,
.moral .standards .or .norms .
-aim .of .this .branch .is .to .establish .rationally .moral .principles, .rules, .virtues, .and
.theories .as .proper .guides .for .our .acquisitions .and .judgements
Metaethics .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-study .of .the .meaning .and .justification .of
.basic .moral .beliefs .
, - .it .is .the .business .of .metaethics .to .explore .fundamental .questions .such .as
.what .it .means .for .an .action .to .be .right .or .a .person .to .be .good
Four .Characteristics .of .Moral .Norms .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-1. .Normative
.Dominance
2. .Universality
3. .Impartiality
4. .Reasonableness
Normative .Dominance .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-moral .norms .are .presumed .to
.dominate .other .kinds .of .norms- .to .take .precedence .over .them .
ex: .an .aesthetic .(or .pragmatic) .norm .implying .that .homeless .people .should .be
.thrown .in .jail .for .blocking .the .view .of .a .beautiful .public .mural .would .have .to
.yield .to .moral .principles .demanding .more .humane .treatment .of .the .homeless.
Universality .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-moral .principles .or .judgements .apply .in .all
.relevantly .similar .situations .
ex: .if .it .is .wrong .for .you .to .tell .a .lie .in .a .particular .circumstance, .then .it .is
.wrong .for .everyone .in .relevantly .similar .circumstances .to .lie .
- .universality, .however, .is .not .unique .to .moral .norms; .its .a .characteristic .of .all
.normative .spheres
Impartiality .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .idea .that .everyone .should .be .considered
.equal, .that .everyones .interests .should .count .the .same; .no .person .is .any .better
.than .any .other; .everyone .should .be .treated .the .same .unless .there .is .a .morally
.relevant .difference .between .them .
- .requirement .of .moral .impartiality .prohibits .discrimination .against .people
.merely .because .they .are .different
Reasonableness .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-if .our .moral .judgements .have .any
.weight .to .them .at .all, .they .must .be .backed .by .the .best .of .reasons .
- .must .be .the .result .of .careful .reflection .in .which .we .arrive .at .good .reasons .for
.accepting .them, .reasons .that .could .be .acknowledged .as .such .by .any .other
.reasoning .person
Obligatory .Action .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-one .that .would .be .wrong .~not~ .to
.perform. .we .are .obligated .or .required .to .do .it
Permissable .Action .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-one .that .is .permitted. .it .is .not .wrong
.to .perform .it
Supererogatory .Action .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-one .that .is ."above .and .beyond
.our .duty". .it .is .praiseworthy- .a .good .thing .to .do- .but .not .required .like .giving .all
.your .possessions .to .the .homeless
