BIOD 171 Module 2 Exam with accurate and
verified questions covering the structure
and function of cells, cellular transport,
metabolism, and an introduction to tissues
and organ systems in human biology.
Cell Structure and Function (30 Questions)
1. Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
A) Mitochondrion
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Ribosome
D) Lysosome
Answer: C
Explanation: Ribosomes are responsible for
synthesizing proteins from amino acids.
2. Which organelle contains the cell's DNA?
A) Nucleus
B) Endoplasmic reticulum
C) Mitochondrion
D) Golgi apparatus
, Answer: A
Explanation: The nucleus houses the cell’s genetic
material in the form of DNA.
3. The function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is
to:
A) Produce ATP
B) Synthesize lipids
C) Synthesize proteins
D) Digest macromolecules
Answer: C
Explanation: The rough ER is studded with
ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis.
4. Which part of the cell is responsible for generating
energy (ATP)?
A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Ribosomes
D) Golgi complex
Answer: B
Explanation: Mitochondria perform cellular
respiration to produce ATP.
5. Which cellular structure acts as a selective barrier,
regulating the cell’s chemical composition?
, A) Nuclear envelope
B) Cell membrane
C) Cytoplasm
D) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: B
Explanation: The plasma membrane controls the
entry and exit of substances.
6. Which of the following is not found in all cell types?
A) Ribosomes
B) Plasma membrane
C) Nucleus
D) Cytoplasm
Answer: C
Explanation: Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
7. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins and lipids for storage or transport?
A) Lysosome
B) Ribosome
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: C
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus processes and
packages macromolecules.
, 8. The jelly-like substance within the cell is known as:
A) Cytoplasm
B) Nucleoplasm
C) Cytosol
D) Interstitial fluid
Answer: C
Explanation: Cytosol is the fluid component of the
cytoplasm.
9. The cytoskeleton provides:
A) Genetic information
B) Energy production
C) Structural support and movement
D) Lipid storage
Answer: C
Explanation: The cytoskeleton maintains cell shape
and assists in intracellular transport.
10. Which of the following organelles is involved in
detoxifying harmful substances?
A) Smooth ER
B) Lysosome
C) Mitochondria
D) Rough ER
Answer: A
verified questions covering the structure
and function of cells, cellular transport,
metabolism, and an introduction to tissues
and organ systems in human biology.
Cell Structure and Function (30 Questions)
1. Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
A) Mitochondrion
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Ribosome
D) Lysosome
Answer: C
Explanation: Ribosomes are responsible for
synthesizing proteins from amino acids.
2. Which organelle contains the cell's DNA?
A) Nucleus
B) Endoplasmic reticulum
C) Mitochondrion
D) Golgi apparatus
, Answer: A
Explanation: The nucleus houses the cell’s genetic
material in the form of DNA.
3. The function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is
to:
A) Produce ATP
B) Synthesize lipids
C) Synthesize proteins
D) Digest macromolecules
Answer: C
Explanation: The rough ER is studded with
ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis.
4. Which part of the cell is responsible for generating
energy (ATP)?
A) Nucleus
B) Mitochondria
C) Ribosomes
D) Golgi complex
Answer: B
Explanation: Mitochondria perform cellular
respiration to produce ATP.
5. Which cellular structure acts as a selective barrier,
regulating the cell’s chemical composition?
, A) Nuclear envelope
B) Cell membrane
C) Cytoplasm
D) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: B
Explanation: The plasma membrane controls the
entry and exit of substances.
6. Which of the following is not found in all cell types?
A) Ribosomes
B) Plasma membrane
C) Nucleus
D) Cytoplasm
Answer: C
Explanation: Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus.
7. Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins and lipids for storage or transport?
A) Lysosome
B) Ribosome
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: C
Explanation: The Golgi apparatus processes and
packages macromolecules.
, 8. The jelly-like substance within the cell is known as:
A) Cytoplasm
B) Nucleoplasm
C) Cytosol
D) Interstitial fluid
Answer: C
Explanation: Cytosol is the fluid component of the
cytoplasm.
9. The cytoskeleton provides:
A) Genetic information
B) Energy production
C) Structural support and movement
D) Lipid storage
Answer: C
Explanation: The cytoskeleton maintains cell shape
and assists in intracellular transport.
10. Which of the following organelles is involved in
detoxifying harmful substances?
A) Smooth ER
B) Lysosome
C) Mitochondria
D) Rough ER
Answer: A
