NAFC Nutrition Certification
What is Proteomics? Why is it important? - ANSWERSthe study of the composition, structure, functions and
interactions of the proteins directing the activities of each living cell. It is important is because proteins make
up virtually everything and direct the activity of cells.
Why are proteins essential in animals' diets? - ANSWERSthey cannot synthesize all of the amino acids needed
and must obtain essential amino acids from food.
What are essential amino acids? - ANSWERSamino acids that cannot be synthesized by an organism and must
be obtained through diet.
What is arguably the most important function of cells? - ANSWERSthe production of the thousands of different
proteins the body needs to function.
One of the key functions of some of the cellular proteins involves what? - ANSWERStransport of nutrients and
other materials in out of the cell.
What is a cell and why is it important? - ANSWERSthe basic structural, functional and biological unit of all
known living organisms. The smallest unit of life that can replicate independently. Building blocks of life
Major components of a cell - ANSWERSMemebranous: Endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes,
peroxisomes, mitochondria
Non Membranous: cytoskelaton, microvilli, centrioles, cilia, ribosomes, proteasomes
Tenets of cell theory - ANSWERScells are the building blocks of all plants and animals
all cells are produced by the division of pre-existing cells
Cells are the smallest units that perform all vital physiological functions
Each cell maintains homeostasis
, Homeostasis at higher levels, reflects combined, coordinated action of many cells
What are the different structural levels of proteins? - ANSWERSPrimary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
What are enzymes and why are they important? - ANSWERSThe best known role of protein inside the cell.
They serve as a catalyst for chemical reactions. They are highly specific and accelerate chemical reactions in
metabolism and DNA manipulation.
By what different mechanisms do nutrients get into cells? - ANSWERSDiffusion, osmosis, filtration, facilitated
diffusion, primary and secondary active transport, endocytosis, exocytosis
What is the GI's system's primary role and why is it important? - ANSWERSThis system's role is the absorption
of nutrients in food and the consumption of food is the most abundant source of energy for the body.
What is the primary function of the circulatory system? - ANSWERSCirculation of oxygen throughout the body
including the GI tract which is the powerhouse of energy absorption.
What role does the respiratory system play in nutrition? - ANSWERSsupplies oxygen to the circulatory system.
What role does the lymphatic system play in nutrition? - ANSWERSsupports elimination of waste products in
the body.
What role does the endocrine system play in nutrition? - ANSWERSRegulation of hunger
appetite & digestion
Entry of nutrients into cells (insulin)
Mobilization of energy (glucagon, Lipase, Gh-growth Hormone, cortisol) Anabolic (muscle building or healing)
Catabolic (muscle breakdown)
What is the most important nutrient and why? - ANSWERSOxygen. Oxygen is NOT stored in the body and must
be continuously supplied by respiration. Oxygen deprivation is the at-root cause of all cancer.
What is the second most important nutrient, why? - ANSWERSWater, the body is composed of 60-80% water
What is Proteomics? Why is it important? - ANSWERSthe study of the composition, structure, functions and
interactions of the proteins directing the activities of each living cell. It is important is because proteins make
up virtually everything and direct the activity of cells.
Why are proteins essential in animals' diets? - ANSWERSthey cannot synthesize all of the amino acids needed
and must obtain essential amino acids from food.
What are essential amino acids? - ANSWERSamino acids that cannot be synthesized by an organism and must
be obtained through diet.
What is arguably the most important function of cells? - ANSWERSthe production of the thousands of different
proteins the body needs to function.
One of the key functions of some of the cellular proteins involves what? - ANSWERStransport of nutrients and
other materials in out of the cell.
What is a cell and why is it important? - ANSWERSthe basic structural, functional and biological unit of all
known living organisms. The smallest unit of life that can replicate independently. Building blocks of life
Major components of a cell - ANSWERSMemebranous: Endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes,
peroxisomes, mitochondria
Non Membranous: cytoskelaton, microvilli, centrioles, cilia, ribosomes, proteasomes
Tenets of cell theory - ANSWERScells are the building blocks of all plants and animals
all cells are produced by the division of pre-existing cells
Cells are the smallest units that perform all vital physiological functions
Each cell maintains homeostasis
, Homeostasis at higher levels, reflects combined, coordinated action of many cells
What are the different structural levels of proteins? - ANSWERSPrimary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
What are enzymes and why are they important? - ANSWERSThe best known role of protein inside the cell.
They serve as a catalyst for chemical reactions. They are highly specific and accelerate chemical reactions in
metabolism and DNA manipulation.
By what different mechanisms do nutrients get into cells? - ANSWERSDiffusion, osmosis, filtration, facilitated
diffusion, primary and secondary active transport, endocytosis, exocytosis
What is the GI's system's primary role and why is it important? - ANSWERSThis system's role is the absorption
of nutrients in food and the consumption of food is the most abundant source of energy for the body.
What is the primary function of the circulatory system? - ANSWERSCirculation of oxygen throughout the body
including the GI tract which is the powerhouse of energy absorption.
What role does the respiratory system play in nutrition? - ANSWERSsupplies oxygen to the circulatory system.
What role does the lymphatic system play in nutrition? - ANSWERSsupports elimination of waste products in
the body.
What role does the endocrine system play in nutrition? - ANSWERSRegulation of hunger
appetite & digestion
Entry of nutrients into cells (insulin)
Mobilization of energy (glucagon, Lipase, Gh-growth Hormone, cortisol) Anabolic (muscle building or healing)
Catabolic (muscle breakdown)
What is the most important nutrient and why? - ANSWERSOxygen. Oxygen is NOT stored in the body and must
be continuously supplied by respiration. Oxygen deprivation is the at-root cause of all cancer.
What is the second most important nutrient, why? - ANSWERSWater, the body is composed of 60-80% water
