Portage Learning Microbiology Exam 1
Questions And Correct Detailed Answers
(Verified Answers) | New Update 2025
Microorganism - ANSWER Single cell (bacteria, archaeons, fungi, protozoa,
algae)
Virus - ANSWER Not living, not considered microorganisms, considered
microbes
Microbes - ANSWER Include microorganisms and viruses, can be
advantageous or harmful
Cell - ANSWER Smallest, most basic biological unit of life
All cells are compromised of - ANSWER Macromolecules (building bloacks)
Four main types of macromolecules found ing cells - ANSWER Proteins, nucleic
acids, lipids, and polysaccharides
Proteins - ANSWER Comprised of amino acids, facilitate movement of
materials, act as enzymes to speed up biochemical processes, structural role
Amino Acid - ANSWER Way proteins are formed by varying combinations, 20
different kinds
, Each protein - ANSWER has its own unique sequence of amino acids
Essential Amino Acids - ANSWER human body cannot produce them, they
must be taken in from the environment through other sources (food you eat)
Nucleic Acid - ANSWER chemical molecules that carry genetic information
within the cell
Two types of nucleic acids - ANSWER DNA and RNA
DNA - ANSWER deoxyribonucleic acid, contains vast amount of hereditary info
and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms, made
from nucleotides
RNA - ANSWER ribonucleic acid, responsible for deciphering the hereditary
information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins
Can DNA and RNA be found in the nucleus? - ANSWER Yes
Can DNA and RNA leave the nucleus? - ANSWER Only RNA. DNA is highly
compact in the nucleus
Three parts of a nucleotide - ANSWER Nitrogenous base, sugar called
deoxyribose, and a phosphate group
Questions And Correct Detailed Answers
(Verified Answers) | New Update 2025
Microorganism - ANSWER Single cell (bacteria, archaeons, fungi, protozoa,
algae)
Virus - ANSWER Not living, not considered microorganisms, considered
microbes
Microbes - ANSWER Include microorganisms and viruses, can be
advantageous or harmful
Cell - ANSWER Smallest, most basic biological unit of life
All cells are compromised of - ANSWER Macromolecules (building bloacks)
Four main types of macromolecules found ing cells - ANSWER Proteins, nucleic
acids, lipids, and polysaccharides
Proteins - ANSWER Comprised of amino acids, facilitate movement of
materials, act as enzymes to speed up biochemical processes, structural role
Amino Acid - ANSWER Way proteins are formed by varying combinations, 20
different kinds
, Each protein - ANSWER has its own unique sequence of amino acids
Essential Amino Acids - ANSWER human body cannot produce them, they
must be taken in from the environment through other sources (food you eat)
Nucleic Acid - ANSWER chemical molecules that carry genetic information
within the cell
Two types of nucleic acids - ANSWER DNA and RNA
DNA - ANSWER deoxyribonucleic acid, contains vast amount of hereditary info
and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms, made
from nucleotides
RNA - ANSWER ribonucleic acid, responsible for deciphering the hereditary
information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins
Can DNA and RNA be found in the nucleus? - ANSWER Yes
Can DNA and RNA leave the nucleus? - ANSWER Only RNA. DNA is highly
compact in the nucleus
Three parts of a nucleotide - ANSWER Nitrogenous base, sugar called
deoxyribose, and a phosphate group
