Acids Bases
Bronsted Lowryacid proton donor
e.gl Hcl CHzCOOH ethanoicacid t H201,7430
tag ta cag
p Hacag
It can donate Ht acidt water Ht released form Hzotin water
Bronston Lowrybase protonacceptor
e ginaOH Reversiblereaction when acids or
water
oh canacceptHt Beagtie o BtifiesIffitagith
strongacids bases dissociatecompletelywhen dissolvedinsolutions
weak acids basespartiallydissociate when dissolvedin solutions
strongacid base reactions forward reaction favoured
weak acid base reactions backward reaction favoured
acid base reaction protons exchanged HaagtBrag I BHtag Atag
ionicproduct of water kw dissociationof water 7H2O E Ht OH
water dissociatesinto its ionsweakly little Ht andOH compared toH2Oso
we can assume that H2O is aconstant value
Kc
StJ Ht OH3 1 00 10 AmoldmG changes if temp changes
Kw Kcx H2O Ht OH J Kw Ht
pure water has an equalconc of Ht and OH
pH conc of Ht ions in solutions
pH O strongacid 7 neutral 14 strong base
equationpH log ot Ht PH
Conc Of Ht CH IO
pHofstrongacids assume theyfully dissociate fully
monoproticacids eglitchHN03 CHA Ht
diproticacids e g 42504 HA 2 Ht
pH of strong base assume theydissociate fully 7 B OH
Use Kw and Colt in Kw Ht OH
ka Acid Dissociationconstant used to find pH of weak acids as we cannot
useCHA Ht or CB OH Tbecause theyonly partiallydissociate in solution
weak acidequilibrium HAE Ht A
Assumption 1 CHAcag at equilibrium I CHAlag at the start
Ka ska 3
unit mold m
Ctfffart
Assumption2 dissociationofacid dissociation of water presentinsolutio
so we can assume all Htcome from acid Htag I CAcag
ka
III
pka another way ofmeasuringstrength of an acid similar topH
lower pka stronger acid
pka lo lo ka
L Ka glo p ka
titrations allow us to get the values of conc forthesecalculations
monoprotic acid
titration curve
acid in conical flask T
for these reactions
Bronsted Lowryacid proton donor
e.gl Hcl CHzCOOH ethanoicacid t H201,7430
tag ta cag
p Hacag
It can donate Ht acidt water Ht released form Hzotin water
Bronston Lowrybase protonacceptor
e ginaOH Reversiblereaction when acids or
water
oh canacceptHt Beagtie o BtifiesIffitagith
strongacids bases dissociatecompletelywhen dissolvedinsolutions
weak acids basespartiallydissociate when dissolvedin solutions
strongacid base reactions forward reaction favoured
weak acid base reactions backward reaction favoured
acid base reaction protons exchanged HaagtBrag I BHtag Atag
ionicproduct of water kw dissociationof water 7H2O E Ht OH
water dissociatesinto its ionsweakly little Ht andOH compared toH2Oso
we can assume that H2O is aconstant value
Kc
StJ Ht OH3 1 00 10 AmoldmG changes if temp changes
Kw Kcx H2O Ht OH J Kw Ht
pure water has an equalconc of Ht and OH
pH conc of Ht ions in solutions
pH O strongacid 7 neutral 14 strong base
equationpH log ot Ht PH
Conc Of Ht CH IO
pHofstrongacids assume theyfully dissociate fully
monoproticacids eglitchHN03 CHA Ht
diproticacids e g 42504 HA 2 Ht
pH of strong base assume theydissociate fully 7 B OH
Use Kw and Colt in Kw Ht OH
ka Acid Dissociationconstant used to find pH of weak acids as we cannot
useCHA Ht or CB OH Tbecause theyonly partiallydissociate in solution
weak acidequilibrium HAE Ht A
Assumption 1 CHAcag at equilibrium I CHAlag at the start
Ka ska 3
unit mold m
Ctfffart
Assumption2 dissociationofacid dissociation of water presentinsolutio
so we can assume all Htcome from acid Htag I CAcag
ka
III
pka another way ofmeasuringstrength of an acid similar topH
lower pka stronger acid
pka lo lo ka
L Ka glo p ka
titrations allow us to get the values of conc forthesecalculations
monoprotic acid
titration curve
acid in conical flask T
for these reactions
