BASIC GERIATRIC
NURSING 7TH EDITION
WILLIAMS TEST BANK
(ALL CHAPTERS)
, BASIC GERIATRIC NURSING 7TH EDITION WILLIAMS TEST
BANK
Chapter 02: Theories of Aging
Williams: Basic Geriatric Nursing, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. How does a theory differ from a fact?
a. A theory proves how different influences affect a particular phenomenon.
b. A theory attempts to explain and give some logical order to observations.
c. A theory is a collection of facts about a particular phenomenon.
d. A theory shows a relationship among facts about a particular phenomenon.
ANS: B
2. The biological theory of aging uses a genetic perspective and suggests that aging is a programmed
process in which .
a. each person will age exactly like those in the previous generation
b. a biological timeline predetermines number of cell divisions
c. genetic traits can overcome environmental influences
d. age-related physical changes are controlled only by genetic factors
ANS: B
3. The Gene Theory of aging suggests which of the following ?
a. The presence of a “master gene” prolongs youth.
b. Genes interact with each other to resist aging.
c.d. Specific genes target specific body systems to initiate system deterioration. The activation of
harmful genes initiates the aging process.
ANS: D
4. The theory that identifies an unstable molecule as the causative factor in aging is the theory.
a. free radical
b. molecular
c. neuroendocrine
d. crosslink
ANS: A
,5. A patient uses good health maintenance practices. What aging theory most accurately relates to the
patient’s practices? a. Wear-and-tear
b. Free radical
c. Neuroendocrine
d. Molecular
ANS: A
6. The patient asks the nurse to describe the neuroendocrine theory of aging. What would be an
appropriate response by the nurse?
a. It relates thyroid function to age-related changes.
b. Adrenal corticosteroids inhibit the aging process.
c. The stimulation and/or inhibition of the hypothalamus causes age-related changes.
d. The adrenal medulla inhibits epinephrine, causing age-related changes.
ANS: C
7. What is true of the psychosocial theories of aging?
a. They focus on methods to delay the aging process.
b. They are directed at decreasing depression in the older adult.
c. They are organized to enhance the perception of aging.
d. They attempt to explain responses to the aging process.
ANS: D
8. What is the major objection to the disengagement theory?
a. The theory justifies ageism.
b. The theory addresses the diversity of older adults.
c. The theory does not clarify the aging process.
d. The theory diminishes the self-esteem of the older adult.
ANS: A
9. An 80-year-old teaches Sunday school each week and delivers food for Meals on Wheels. What
theory of aging would apply? a. Newman’s developmental
b. The life course
c. The activity
d. The disengagement
ANS: C
, 10. The nurse would recognize successful aging according to Jung’s theory when a long-term care
facility resident demonstrates which of the following behaviors?
a. The resident takes special care to dress for dinner in a manner that pleases his tablemates.
b. The resident asks permission to sit on the patio with other residents.
c. The resident asks persons in his hall if his television is bothering them.
d. The resident wears a large cowboy hat at all times because he likes it.
ANS: D
11. How would an elderly female be most likely to reduce the amount of the free radical lipofuscin?
a. Avoid animal fat
b. Take antioxidants daily
c. Build muscle mass
d. Perform outdoor exercise three times weekly
ANS: B
12. A recently widowed woman moved to an assisted living community because of her hypertension and
joined a group to learn how to do water color painting with other women her age. Which theory of
aging does the nurse assess the patient to be following? a. Jung
b. Havighurst
c. Erikson
d. Newman
ANS: B
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. What age-related illnesses are thought to cause the accumulation of free radicals? (Select all
that apply.)
a. Arthritis
b. Colon cancer
c. Osteoporosis
d. Diabetes
e. Atherosclerosis
ANS: A, D, E
2. The nurse emphasizes that the relatively new theory that correlates restricted caloric intake
to slowing of the aging process would probably extend the life span of the person, provided
that the person . (Select all that apply.)
a. consistently eats high-nutrient, low-calorie foods
b. maintains a regular exercise program consumes 2000–3000 mL of fluid a day
c. supports the diet with adequate fat-soluble vitamins
NURSING 7TH EDITION
WILLIAMS TEST BANK
(ALL CHAPTERS)
, BASIC GERIATRIC NURSING 7TH EDITION WILLIAMS TEST
BANK
Chapter 02: Theories of Aging
Williams: Basic Geriatric Nursing, 7th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. How does a theory differ from a fact?
a. A theory proves how different influences affect a particular phenomenon.
b. A theory attempts to explain and give some logical order to observations.
c. A theory is a collection of facts about a particular phenomenon.
d. A theory shows a relationship among facts about a particular phenomenon.
ANS: B
2. The biological theory of aging uses a genetic perspective and suggests that aging is a programmed
process in which .
a. each person will age exactly like those in the previous generation
b. a biological timeline predetermines number of cell divisions
c. genetic traits can overcome environmental influences
d. age-related physical changes are controlled only by genetic factors
ANS: B
3. The Gene Theory of aging suggests which of the following ?
a. The presence of a “master gene” prolongs youth.
b. Genes interact with each other to resist aging.
c.d. Specific genes target specific body systems to initiate system deterioration. The activation of
harmful genes initiates the aging process.
ANS: D
4. The theory that identifies an unstable molecule as the causative factor in aging is the theory.
a. free radical
b. molecular
c. neuroendocrine
d. crosslink
ANS: A
,5. A patient uses good health maintenance practices. What aging theory most accurately relates to the
patient’s practices? a. Wear-and-tear
b. Free radical
c. Neuroendocrine
d. Molecular
ANS: A
6. The patient asks the nurse to describe the neuroendocrine theory of aging. What would be an
appropriate response by the nurse?
a. It relates thyroid function to age-related changes.
b. Adrenal corticosteroids inhibit the aging process.
c. The stimulation and/or inhibition of the hypothalamus causes age-related changes.
d. The adrenal medulla inhibits epinephrine, causing age-related changes.
ANS: C
7. What is true of the psychosocial theories of aging?
a. They focus on methods to delay the aging process.
b. They are directed at decreasing depression in the older adult.
c. They are organized to enhance the perception of aging.
d. They attempt to explain responses to the aging process.
ANS: D
8. What is the major objection to the disengagement theory?
a. The theory justifies ageism.
b. The theory addresses the diversity of older adults.
c. The theory does not clarify the aging process.
d. The theory diminishes the self-esteem of the older adult.
ANS: A
9. An 80-year-old teaches Sunday school each week and delivers food for Meals on Wheels. What
theory of aging would apply? a. Newman’s developmental
b. The life course
c. The activity
d. The disengagement
ANS: C
, 10. The nurse would recognize successful aging according to Jung’s theory when a long-term care
facility resident demonstrates which of the following behaviors?
a. The resident takes special care to dress for dinner in a manner that pleases his tablemates.
b. The resident asks permission to sit on the patio with other residents.
c. The resident asks persons in his hall if his television is bothering them.
d. The resident wears a large cowboy hat at all times because he likes it.
ANS: D
11. How would an elderly female be most likely to reduce the amount of the free radical lipofuscin?
a. Avoid animal fat
b. Take antioxidants daily
c. Build muscle mass
d. Perform outdoor exercise three times weekly
ANS: B
12. A recently widowed woman moved to an assisted living community because of her hypertension and
joined a group to learn how to do water color painting with other women her age. Which theory of
aging does the nurse assess the patient to be following? a. Jung
b. Havighurst
c. Erikson
d. Newman
ANS: B
MULTIPLE RESPONSE
1. What age-related illnesses are thought to cause the accumulation of free radicals? (Select all
that apply.)
a. Arthritis
b. Colon cancer
c. Osteoporosis
d. Diabetes
e. Atherosclerosis
ANS: A, D, E
2. The nurse emphasizes that the relatively new theory that correlates restricted caloric intake
to slowing of the aging process would probably extend the life span of the person, provided
that the person . (Select all that apply.)
a. consistently eats high-nutrient, low-calorie foods
b. maintains a regular exercise program consumes 2000–3000 mL of fluid a day
c. supports the diet with adequate fat-soluble vitamins
