N580 Exam 1 Questions and
Complete Solutions Graded A+
adult male water composition - Answer: 60%
adult female water composition - Answer: 50%
neonate water composition - Answer: 70%
intracellular fluid - Answer: 2/3 of total body water
extracellular fluid - Answer: 1/3 of total body water
interstitial + intravascular
Osmosis - Answer: movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
osmole - Answer: unit used to express osmotic pressure
Osmolarity - Answer: osmole concentration expressed in liters of body fluid
normal osmolarity - Answer: 290 mOsm/L
0.9% sodium chloride - Answer: isotonic
5% glucose in water - Answer: isotonic, however glucose is metabolized, net effect hypotonic
lactated ringers w/ 5% glucose - Answer: hypertonic, however glucose is metabolized, solution is LESS
hypertonic
, hypertonic - Answer: cell shrinks, increase in intravascular volume
hypotonic - Answer: cell swells, increase in intracellular volume
Dehydration - Answer: decrease in extracellular fluid volume (GI, renal, diaphoresis);
osmolarity is equal
passive transport - Answer: Membranes consist of a superficial covering of proteins & central core lipid
bilayer
Membrane has polar and nonpolar compounds
Drugs have lipid and water soluble properties that facilitate transfer
polar - Answer: hydrophilic, electronegative
nonpolar - Answer: lipophilic, electropositive
aqueous diffusion or filtration - Answer: Involves the flow of water that occurs as a result of hydrostatic
pressure or osmotic differences across a membrane
Determinants of rate of diffusion - Answer: drug concentration, drug molecular weight, diffusion surface
area, temperature, diffusion distance
carrier-mediated active transport - Answer: Rapid transfer of organic substances
Facilitated by glucose & amino acids
Pinocytosis - Answer: molecules are placed in small vesicles then it crosses the cell membrane
Van der Waals bond - Answer: molecules in the same substance, easily breakable
hydrophobic bond - Answer: nonpolar, repel water
Complete Solutions Graded A+
adult male water composition - Answer: 60%
adult female water composition - Answer: 50%
neonate water composition - Answer: 70%
intracellular fluid - Answer: 2/3 of total body water
extracellular fluid - Answer: 1/3 of total body water
interstitial + intravascular
Osmosis - Answer: movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
osmole - Answer: unit used to express osmotic pressure
Osmolarity - Answer: osmole concentration expressed in liters of body fluid
normal osmolarity - Answer: 290 mOsm/L
0.9% sodium chloride - Answer: isotonic
5% glucose in water - Answer: isotonic, however glucose is metabolized, net effect hypotonic
lactated ringers w/ 5% glucose - Answer: hypertonic, however glucose is metabolized, solution is LESS
hypertonic
, hypertonic - Answer: cell shrinks, increase in intravascular volume
hypotonic - Answer: cell swells, increase in intracellular volume
Dehydration - Answer: decrease in extracellular fluid volume (GI, renal, diaphoresis);
osmolarity is equal
passive transport - Answer: Membranes consist of a superficial covering of proteins & central core lipid
bilayer
Membrane has polar and nonpolar compounds
Drugs have lipid and water soluble properties that facilitate transfer
polar - Answer: hydrophilic, electronegative
nonpolar - Answer: lipophilic, electropositive
aqueous diffusion or filtration - Answer: Involves the flow of water that occurs as a result of hydrostatic
pressure or osmotic differences across a membrane
Determinants of rate of diffusion - Answer: drug concentration, drug molecular weight, diffusion surface
area, temperature, diffusion distance
carrier-mediated active transport - Answer: Rapid transfer of organic substances
Facilitated by glucose & amino acids
Pinocytosis - Answer: molecules are placed in small vesicles then it crosses the cell membrane
Van der Waals bond - Answer: molecules in the same substance, easily breakable
hydrophobic bond - Answer: nonpolar, repel water
