Finall Exam:l NUR166/l NURl 166l (Latestl
2025/l 2026l Update)l Conceptsl ofl Family-
Centeredl Nursingl forl thel Practicall Nursel
Guidel |l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l
Hondros
Q:l Metabolisml andl Excretion
Answer:
•l Mostl medicationsl arel metabolizedl byl thel liver
•l Liverl isn'tl maturel untill 2-4l yearsl old
-l Drugsl metabolizel slower
-l Givenl frequently,l canl buildl tol toxicl levels
•l Manyl medicationsl arel excretedl byl thel kidneys
•l Inl infantsl lessl thanl 1l yearl old,l kidneyl functionl isl immature
-l Ineffectivel excretionl ofl drugsl froml body
Q:l Parentl Teachingl ofl Medications
Answer:
•l Techniquesl forl administeringl medicationsl tol thel infantl orl child:
-l Dol notl mixl withl formula,l food,l orl water
•l Techniquesl forl encouragingl child'sl compliance:
-l Allowl toddlersl andl youngl childrenl autonomyl byl assistingl withl takingl theirl ownl
medicationl byl squirtingl thel contentsl intol theirl ownl mouthl orl drinkingl froml thel
medicinel cup.
•l Providel praisel forl cooperation
Q:l Administeringl Orall Medicationsl general
Answer:
•l Choosel liquidl medicationsl overl pillsl andl capsulesl inl childrenl underl agel 5.
,•l Allowl childl tol makel choicesl regardingl whatl hel orl shel willl drinkl afterl takingl thel
medicine
-l DOl NOTl mixl thel medicationl inl thel drink
•l Involvel parentsl wheneverl possible.
•l Dol NOTl referl tol medicinel asl candy
Q:l Orall Medicationl shouldl notl be
Answer:
dilutedl inl formulal orl waterl becausel medicationsl shouldl bel givenl inl thel smallestl
amountl possiblel tol assurel the
completel dosel isl consumed.
-l Ifl thel medicationl isl placedl inl thel formulal bottlel andl thel infantl doesl notl finishl alll
thel formulal inl thel bottle,l thel completel dosel ofl medicationl willl notl havel beenl
administered.
Q:l Administeringl Orall Medications
Answer:
•l Verifyl medicationl ordersl andl assemblel supplies
•l Verifyl patientl weightl andl verifyl dosel calculation
•l Givel medicationl slowly
•l Documentl inl thel medicationl administrationl recordl (MAR)l thel medicationl dose,l route,l
timel andl dosel given
Q:l Administeringl Earl (Otic)l Drops
Answer:
•l Inl childrenl lessl thanl 3l yearsl ofl age,l pulll thel pinnal (earlobe)l ofl thel earl downl andl
backl tol straightenl thel canal
•l Inl childrenl olderl thanl agel 3,l pulll thel upperl pinnal (auricle)l upl andl backl tol straightenl
thel canal.
Q:l Intramuscularl Sites
Answer:
,IMl injectionsl arel administeredl intol thel thickestl partl ofl thel vastusl lateralisl musclel ofl
thel anterolaterall thighl inl alll infantsl untill 1l yearl ofl age
Q:l Deltoidl Site
Answer:
inl thel upperl arml hasl al smalll musclel massl thatl limitsl thel amountl ofl medicationl thatl
canl bel injectedl atl onel time
•l Thel vastusl lateralisl isl preferredl inl childrenl lessl thanl 3l yearsl ofl age.
Q:l Reducingl painl ofl injections-l Positioningl thel patientl properly
Answer:
canl minimizel musclel tensenessl andl easel thel procedure.
-l Thel infantl canl bel heldl inl thel "hug"l positionl onl thel lapl ofl al parentl orl co-worker
-l Administeringl anl injectionl whilel thel infantl isl restrainedl andl lyingl downl onl al bed,l orl
al tablel isl al traumaticl experiencel forl thel infantl orl child.
Q:l Reducingl painl ofl injections-l Infantsl shouldl bel given
Answer:
al sucrosel sweetenedl nipplel tol suckl onl orl shouldl breastfeedl duringl orl afterl thel
procedure.
•l Thel olderl childl shouldl bel distracted
Q:l Reducingl painl ofl injections-Al topicall anestheticl suchl as
Answer:
al eutecticl mixturel ofl locall anestheticsl (EMLAl cream)l canl bel usedl whenl thel timel ofl
injectionl canl bel plannedl inl advance.
Q:l Reducingl painl ofl injections-Storingl alcoholl sponges
Answer:
inl thel refrigeratorl orl rubbingl thel sitel withl anl icel cubel beforel injectionl willl numbl thel
site.
, Q:l Reducingl painl ofl injections-Needlel shouldl be
Answer:
insertedl rapidly
•l Thel medicationl isl injectedl rapidlyl unlessl thel packagel insertl statesl thatl slowl injectionl
isl preferred.
•l Rapidl removall ofl needlel andl mildl massagel orl exercisel willl increasel absorptionl andl
comfort.
Q:l Thel School-Agel child
Answer:
Schooll agel childrenl arel agesl 6-11l yearsl ofl age
Physicall growth:
•l Growthl isl slowl untill thel spurtl beforel puberty
•l Weightl gainsl arel morel rapidl thanl increasesl inl height
Q:l Generall Characteristicsl ofl Schooll agel child
Answer:
Morel engrossedl inl factl thanl fantasy,l capablel ofl morel sophisticatedl reasoning
Increasedl contactl withl thel outsidel worldl andl increasedl cognitivel abilities
Understandl howl othersl evaluatel them
Oftenl judgedl byl theirl performance
l Goodl grades
l Athleticl feats
Theirl sensel ofl industryl andl thel developmentl ofl positivel self-esteeml arel directlyl
influencedl byl theirl abilityl tol becomel anl acceptedl memberl ofl al peerl groupl andl meetl
thel challengesl ofl thel environment
Q:l Freudl (school-age)
Answer:
Thel childl isl inl al periodl ofl sexuall latency
2025/l 2026l Update)l Conceptsl ofl Family-
Centeredl Nursingl forl thel Practicall Nursel
Guidel |l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l
Hondros
Q:l Metabolisml andl Excretion
Answer:
•l Mostl medicationsl arel metabolizedl byl thel liver
•l Liverl isn'tl maturel untill 2-4l yearsl old
-l Drugsl metabolizel slower
-l Givenl frequently,l canl buildl tol toxicl levels
•l Manyl medicationsl arel excretedl byl thel kidneys
•l Inl infantsl lessl thanl 1l yearl old,l kidneyl functionl isl immature
-l Ineffectivel excretionl ofl drugsl froml body
Q:l Parentl Teachingl ofl Medications
Answer:
•l Techniquesl forl administeringl medicationsl tol thel infantl orl child:
-l Dol notl mixl withl formula,l food,l orl water
•l Techniquesl forl encouragingl child'sl compliance:
-l Allowl toddlersl andl youngl childrenl autonomyl byl assistingl withl takingl theirl ownl
medicationl byl squirtingl thel contentsl intol theirl ownl mouthl orl drinkingl froml thel
medicinel cup.
•l Providel praisel forl cooperation
Q:l Administeringl Orall Medicationsl general
Answer:
•l Choosel liquidl medicationsl overl pillsl andl capsulesl inl childrenl underl agel 5.
,•l Allowl childl tol makel choicesl regardingl whatl hel orl shel willl drinkl afterl takingl thel
medicine
-l DOl NOTl mixl thel medicationl inl thel drink
•l Involvel parentsl wheneverl possible.
•l Dol NOTl referl tol medicinel asl candy
Q:l Orall Medicationl shouldl notl be
Answer:
dilutedl inl formulal orl waterl becausel medicationsl shouldl bel givenl inl thel smallestl
amountl possiblel tol assurel the
completel dosel isl consumed.
-l Ifl thel medicationl isl placedl inl thel formulal bottlel andl thel infantl doesl notl finishl alll
thel formulal inl thel bottle,l thel completel dosel ofl medicationl willl notl havel beenl
administered.
Q:l Administeringl Orall Medications
Answer:
•l Verifyl medicationl ordersl andl assemblel supplies
•l Verifyl patientl weightl andl verifyl dosel calculation
•l Givel medicationl slowly
•l Documentl inl thel medicationl administrationl recordl (MAR)l thel medicationl dose,l route,l
timel andl dosel given
Q:l Administeringl Earl (Otic)l Drops
Answer:
•l Inl childrenl lessl thanl 3l yearsl ofl age,l pulll thel pinnal (earlobe)l ofl thel earl downl andl
backl tol straightenl thel canal
•l Inl childrenl olderl thanl agel 3,l pulll thel upperl pinnal (auricle)l upl andl backl tol straightenl
thel canal.
Q:l Intramuscularl Sites
Answer:
,IMl injectionsl arel administeredl intol thel thickestl partl ofl thel vastusl lateralisl musclel ofl
thel anterolaterall thighl inl alll infantsl untill 1l yearl ofl age
Q:l Deltoidl Site
Answer:
inl thel upperl arml hasl al smalll musclel massl thatl limitsl thel amountl ofl medicationl thatl
canl bel injectedl atl onel time
•l Thel vastusl lateralisl isl preferredl inl childrenl lessl thanl 3l yearsl ofl age.
Q:l Reducingl painl ofl injections-l Positioningl thel patientl properly
Answer:
canl minimizel musclel tensenessl andl easel thel procedure.
-l Thel infantl canl bel heldl inl thel "hug"l positionl onl thel lapl ofl al parentl orl co-worker
-l Administeringl anl injectionl whilel thel infantl isl restrainedl andl lyingl downl onl al bed,l orl
al tablel isl al traumaticl experiencel forl thel infantl orl child.
Q:l Reducingl painl ofl injections-l Infantsl shouldl bel given
Answer:
al sucrosel sweetenedl nipplel tol suckl onl orl shouldl breastfeedl duringl orl afterl thel
procedure.
•l Thel olderl childl shouldl bel distracted
Q:l Reducingl painl ofl injections-Al topicall anestheticl suchl as
Answer:
al eutecticl mixturel ofl locall anestheticsl (EMLAl cream)l canl bel usedl whenl thel timel ofl
injectionl canl bel plannedl inl advance.
Q:l Reducingl painl ofl injections-Storingl alcoholl sponges
Answer:
inl thel refrigeratorl orl rubbingl thel sitel withl anl icel cubel beforel injectionl willl numbl thel
site.
, Q:l Reducingl painl ofl injections-Needlel shouldl be
Answer:
insertedl rapidly
•l Thel medicationl isl injectedl rapidlyl unlessl thel packagel insertl statesl thatl slowl injectionl
isl preferred.
•l Rapidl removall ofl needlel andl mildl massagel orl exercisel willl increasel absorptionl andl
comfort.
Q:l Thel School-Agel child
Answer:
Schooll agel childrenl arel agesl 6-11l yearsl ofl age
Physicall growth:
•l Growthl isl slowl untill thel spurtl beforel puberty
•l Weightl gainsl arel morel rapidl thanl increasesl inl height
Q:l Generall Characteristicsl ofl Schooll agel child
Answer:
Morel engrossedl inl factl thanl fantasy,l capablel ofl morel sophisticatedl reasoning
Increasedl contactl withl thel outsidel worldl andl increasedl cognitivel abilities
Understandl howl othersl evaluatel them
Oftenl judgedl byl theirl performance
l Goodl grades
l Athleticl feats
Theirl sensel ofl industryl andl thel developmentl ofl positivel self-esteeml arel directlyl
influencedl byl theirl abilityl tol becomel anl acceptedl memberl ofl al peerl groupl andl meetl
thel challengesl ofl thel environment
Q:l Freudl (school-age)
Answer:
Thel childl isl inl al periodl ofl sexuall latency
