NURS 432: Population Health Final Study
Guide
Determines scope of practice of public health
nurses
What is an upstreamist?
Someone who assesses and addresses SDOH
Which form of prevention is upstream?
Primary prevention
What is the most impactful form of prevention?
Upstream primary prevention
HPA axis: cortisol
-Chronic
-Begins with threat detection
-Causes cortisol release → DM, HTN, heart disease
Sympathetic nervous system
-Seconds
-Begins with percieving external threat
-Causes catecholamine release → "fight or flight"
Who is more likely to experience frequent
stressors?
,Socially disadvantaged people
"Weathering"
High-effort coping with chronic stressors due to
multiple layers of social disadvantage
Allostatic load
Wear and tear on the body caused by prolonged or
excessive stress responses
Transtheoretical Model of Change
1. Precontemplation
2. Contemplation
3. Determination
4. Action
5. Maintenance
6. Recurrence
Community empowerment
Enables communites to identify health problems
and act to solve them
Empowerment
Process of becoming stronger and confident,
especialy in controlling one's life & claiming one's
rights
What does community emoowerment come from?
1. Development
2. Organization
, 3. Mobilization
4. Building
5. Capacity
6. Competence
Horizontal empowerment
Internal to the community and is reflected in the
community's ability to solve problems by
mobilizing its own resources
Vertical empowerment
Involves efforts to change power structures outside
the community; leverages outside power and
resources to address community concerns
Refugee
A person who has been forced to leave their
country in order to escape war, persecution, or
natural disaster
Asylum seeker
A person who's left their country and seeking
protection from persecution & human rights
violations in another country, but has not been
legally recognized as a refugee
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, self-
actualization
Guide
Determines scope of practice of public health
nurses
What is an upstreamist?
Someone who assesses and addresses SDOH
Which form of prevention is upstream?
Primary prevention
What is the most impactful form of prevention?
Upstream primary prevention
HPA axis: cortisol
-Chronic
-Begins with threat detection
-Causes cortisol release → DM, HTN, heart disease
Sympathetic nervous system
-Seconds
-Begins with percieving external threat
-Causes catecholamine release → "fight or flight"
Who is more likely to experience frequent
stressors?
,Socially disadvantaged people
"Weathering"
High-effort coping with chronic stressors due to
multiple layers of social disadvantage
Allostatic load
Wear and tear on the body caused by prolonged or
excessive stress responses
Transtheoretical Model of Change
1. Precontemplation
2. Contemplation
3. Determination
4. Action
5. Maintenance
6. Recurrence
Community empowerment
Enables communites to identify health problems
and act to solve them
Empowerment
Process of becoming stronger and confident,
especialy in controlling one's life & claiming one's
rights
What does community emoowerment come from?
1. Development
2. Organization
, 3. Mobilization
4. Building
5. Capacity
6. Competence
Horizontal empowerment
Internal to the community and is reflected in the
community's ability to solve problems by
mobilizing its own resources
Vertical empowerment
Involves efforts to change power structures outside
the community; leverages outside power and
resources to address community concerns
Refugee
A person who has been forced to leave their
country in order to escape war, persecution, or
natural disaster
Asylum seeker
A person who's left their country and seeking
protection from persecution & human rights
violations in another country, but has not been
legally recognized as a refugee
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, self-
actualization
