Nur2243 exam 3 Questions and Answers| Latest Update 100% Verified| Grade A+ Content
Ejection Fraction (EF) percentage of blood volume in the ventricles at the end of diastole
that is ejected during systole; a measurement of contractility
Should be 50 to 60%
LAB: BNP
Stress test
Left sided heart failure 1. Pnea, SOB
2. Crackles
3. Oliguria
4. Frothy Sputum
5. M (Hypertrophy)
Cyanosis
Orthopnea
Confusion
Elevated cap wedge pressure
right sided heart failure 1. Jungular Vein Distention
2. Ascending Dependent Edema
3. Weight Gain
4. Hepatomegaly (Liver Enlargement)
Class 1 heart failure Asymptomatic and I feel great
Class 2 heart failure Fatigue with exertion
,Class 3 heart failure Difficulty completing ADLs
Class 4 most severe heart failure SOB at rest, consider palliative measures
Treatment of acute HF O2 therapy consider CPAP
Dobutamine
drug of choice and positive inotrope
Dopamine
positive inotrope
Diuretics
remove fluid furosemide
Nitrates
reduce preload
dilated cardiomyopathy dysfunctional heart muscle because of an enlarged heart
MOST COMMON
SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
caused by: ETOH, Chemo, infection, malnutrition
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) STILL LEFT VENTRICLE
causes diastolic filling impairment
Sudden cardiac death in young athletes
, Restrictive Cardiomyopathy heart muscle hardens, restricting the expansion of the heart,
thus limiting the amount of blood it can pump to the rest of the body
Rarest!
Sarcoidosis
Poor prognosis
Treatment for myopathy Tx underlying cause, MEDS: diuretics, vasodilators, glycosides,
beta-blockers
Heart transplant and myomectomy for HCM
central perfusion Cardiac output and WNL is 4-6L/min
Tissue perfusion is volume of blood getting to tissues
What causes impaired perfusion? Heart valve dz, cardiac muscle impairment, systemic
vascular resistance, poor central perfusion and blocked edema
Consequences of impaired perfusion? Shock!
Ischemia, lactic acid and Na/K pump failure
Who is at risk for impaired perfusion? Middle and older with atherosclerosis, Congenital pts,
trauma
PVD peripheral vascular disease "Bad blood flow to my legs"
DRY
ELEVATE LEGS
PAD peripheral artery disease
Ejection Fraction (EF) percentage of blood volume in the ventricles at the end of diastole
that is ejected during systole; a measurement of contractility
Should be 50 to 60%
LAB: BNP
Stress test
Left sided heart failure 1. Pnea, SOB
2. Crackles
3. Oliguria
4. Frothy Sputum
5. M (Hypertrophy)
Cyanosis
Orthopnea
Confusion
Elevated cap wedge pressure
right sided heart failure 1. Jungular Vein Distention
2. Ascending Dependent Edema
3. Weight Gain
4. Hepatomegaly (Liver Enlargement)
Class 1 heart failure Asymptomatic and I feel great
Class 2 heart failure Fatigue with exertion
,Class 3 heart failure Difficulty completing ADLs
Class 4 most severe heart failure SOB at rest, consider palliative measures
Treatment of acute HF O2 therapy consider CPAP
Dobutamine
drug of choice and positive inotrope
Dopamine
positive inotrope
Diuretics
remove fluid furosemide
Nitrates
reduce preload
dilated cardiomyopathy dysfunctional heart muscle because of an enlarged heart
MOST COMMON
SYSTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
caused by: ETOH, Chemo, infection, malnutrition
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) STILL LEFT VENTRICLE
causes diastolic filling impairment
Sudden cardiac death in young athletes
, Restrictive Cardiomyopathy heart muscle hardens, restricting the expansion of the heart,
thus limiting the amount of blood it can pump to the rest of the body
Rarest!
Sarcoidosis
Poor prognosis
Treatment for myopathy Tx underlying cause, MEDS: diuretics, vasodilators, glycosides,
beta-blockers
Heart transplant and myomectomy for HCM
central perfusion Cardiac output and WNL is 4-6L/min
Tissue perfusion is volume of blood getting to tissues
What causes impaired perfusion? Heart valve dz, cardiac muscle impairment, systemic
vascular resistance, poor central perfusion and blocked edema
Consequences of impaired perfusion? Shock!
Ischemia, lactic acid and Na/K pump failure
Who is at risk for impaired perfusion? Middle and older with atherosclerosis, Congenital pts,
trauma
PVD peripheral vascular disease "Bad blood flow to my legs"
DRY
ELEVATE LEGS
PAD peripheral artery disease
