N244 – Nursing Pharmacology – Exam 1 Questions and Answers
What type of PICO question is this?
Do adults who drink alcohol fewer than 2 hours before bed compared to those that don't, have
poorer sleep quality? causation/harm/etiology
What type of PICO is this?
In children aged 5 and older, how does being born premature vs at term correlate with
childhood learning disabilites? prognosis/prediction
what type of PICO is this?
In pregnant women, is a self-report survey about intimate partner violence more accurate than
a NP interview in identifying risk of violence during pregnancy? Diagnosis or diagnostic test
What type of PICO is this?
In women giving birth, does having their physicians wash their hands with chlorine vs not
washing their hands? Intervention/therapy
define a Case report/case series.
also identify which level of the evidence hierarchy it falls under? a case report or a case
series that is useful for the study of rare diseases, disorders, or reactions. These studies are not
generalizable, but also may be the only source of information on that topic available
, this falls under level 6: evidence from a descriptive or qualitative study
define a case-control study.
identify what level of the evidence hierarchy it falls under examines a group of people who
have experienced an event and a group of people who have not experienced that event. Useful
for trying to find the cause of certain events. It also sometimes is the only way to do ethical
research. These also look back in time at previous records to compare
this falls under level 4: case control studies or cohort studies
define a prospective cohort study.
identify what level of the evidence hierarchy it falls under a study that follows a group fo
people, which differs in respect to exposure to some suspected risk or protective factor, and
looks at how outcomes differ between the people in the group/cohort
falls under level 4: case control or cohort studies
Prospective blind comparison to gold standard compares a new tool to a tool that is
currently considered gold standard
define randomized control trials.
identify what level of the evidence hierarchy it falls under. a study in which participants are
randomly asssigned to two or more groups; at least one receiving an interaction that is being
tested and another receiving an alternative treatment or placebo.
What type of PICO question is this?
Do adults who drink alcohol fewer than 2 hours before bed compared to those that don't, have
poorer sleep quality? causation/harm/etiology
What type of PICO is this?
In children aged 5 and older, how does being born premature vs at term correlate with
childhood learning disabilites? prognosis/prediction
what type of PICO is this?
In pregnant women, is a self-report survey about intimate partner violence more accurate than
a NP interview in identifying risk of violence during pregnancy? Diagnosis or diagnostic test
What type of PICO is this?
In women giving birth, does having their physicians wash their hands with chlorine vs not
washing their hands? Intervention/therapy
define a Case report/case series.
also identify which level of the evidence hierarchy it falls under? a case report or a case
series that is useful for the study of rare diseases, disorders, or reactions. These studies are not
generalizable, but also may be the only source of information on that topic available
, this falls under level 6: evidence from a descriptive or qualitative study
define a case-control study.
identify what level of the evidence hierarchy it falls under examines a group of people who
have experienced an event and a group of people who have not experienced that event. Useful
for trying to find the cause of certain events. It also sometimes is the only way to do ethical
research. These also look back in time at previous records to compare
this falls under level 4: case control studies or cohort studies
define a prospective cohort study.
identify what level of the evidence hierarchy it falls under a study that follows a group fo
people, which differs in respect to exposure to some suspected risk or protective factor, and
looks at how outcomes differ between the people in the group/cohort
falls under level 4: case control or cohort studies
Prospective blind comparison to gold standard compares a new tool to a tool that is
currently considered gold standard
define randomized control trials.
identify what level of the evidence hierarchy it falls under. a study in which participants are
randomly asssigned to two or more groups; at least one receiving an interaction that is being
tested and another receiving an alternative treatment or placebo.
