ENA: Influenza and Pandemic Emergencies.
Exam 2025 Questions and Answers
Which statement correctly describes adaptive mutation?
A. It is a sudden change in the genetic composition of a virus.
B. It may cause a sudden, explosive spread of the disease.
C. It is a slow change that increases viral infectability with each human infection.
D. It occurs only in the viruses responsible for Asian influenza. - ANS C. It is a slow change
that increases viral infectability with each human infection.
Which statement accurately characterizes the influenza A (Spanish flu) pandemic of 1918?
A. This exceptionally deadly influenza pandemic caused 500,000 deaths in the United States.
B. This influenza pandemic was mild because the outbreak occurred near school holidays.
C. The mortality was highest among older adult patients in this pandemic.
D. A vaccine became available 3 months after the outbreak of this pandemic. - ANS A. This
exceptionally deadly influenza pandemic caused 500,000 deaths in the United States.
Which statement correctly characterizes viral reassortment?
A. It is a slow change in the virus' ability to bind to human cells.
B. It increases with each human infection by the virus.
C. It is an explosive, rapid change caused by an exchange of human genetic material with the
virus.
D. It affects only H5N1 viruses. - ANS C. It is an explosive, rapid change caused by an
exchange of human genetic material with the virus.
Pg. 1 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, Which statement correctly characterizes the 1957 Asian influenza pandemic?
A. Schoolchildren, young adults, and pregnant women were unaffected.
B. A second wave of infection followed the initial outbreak.
C. The virus has reemerged several times since 1957.
D. No vaccine was available to lessen the effect of the pandemic. - ANS B. A second wave of
infection followed the initial outbreak.
Planning for a viral pandemic takes place at the corporate level.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE - ANS A. TRUE
Which sign or symptom should you expect in a patient with an H5N1 infection?
A. Paresthesias
B. Low-grade fever
C. Bleeding gums
D. Constipation - ANS C. Bleeding gums
Transmission of the H5N1 virus can occur by which mechanism?
A. Close contact with an infected individual
B. Close contact with infected swine
C. A bite from by an infected mosquito
D. Close contact with infected birds - ANS D. Close contact with infected birds
According to the World Health Organization, what happens in phase 4 of the phases of a
pandemic?
A. An animal influenza virus circulating in domesticated or wild animals is known to have caused
infection in humans.
Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Exam 2025 Questions and Answers
Which statement correctly describes adaptive mutation?
A. It is a sudden change in the genetic composition of a virus.
B. It may cause a sudden, explosive spread of the disease.
C. It is a slow change that increases viral infectability with each human infection.
D. It occurs only in the viruses responsible for Asian influenza. - ANS C. It is a slow change
that increases viral infectability with each human infection.
Which statement accurately characterizes the influenza A (Spanish flu) pandemic of 1918?
A. This exceptionally deadly influenza pandemic caused 500,000 deaths in the United States.
B. This influenza pandemic was mild because the outbreak occurred near school holidays.
C. The mortality was highest among older adult patients in this pandemic.
D. A vaccine became available 3 months after the outbreak of this pandemic. - ANS A. This
exceptionally deadly influenza pandemic caused 500,000 deaths in the United States.
Which statement correctly characterizes viral reassortment?
A. It is a slow change in the virus' ability to bind to human cells.
B. It increases with each human infection by the virus.
C. It is an explosive, rapid change caused by an exchange of human genetic material with the
virus.
D. It affects only H5N1 viruses. - ANS C. It is an explosive, rapid change caused by an
exchange of human genetic material with the virus.
Pg. 1 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, Which statement correctly characterizes the 1957 Asian influenza pandemic?
A. Schoolchildren, young adults, and pregnant women were unaffected.
B. A second wave of infection followed the initial outbreak.
C. The virus has reemerged several times since 1957.
D. No vaccine was available to lessen the effect of the pandemic. - ANS B. A second wave of
infection followed the initial outbreak.
Planning for a viral pandemic takes place at the corporate level.
A. TRUE
B. FALSE - ANS A. TRUE
Which sign or symptom should you expect in a patient with an H5N1 infection?
A. Paresthesias
B. Low-grade fever
C. Bleeding gums
D. Constipation - ANS C. Bleeding gums
Transmission of the H5N1 virus can occur by which mechanism?
A. Close contact with an infected individual
B. Close contact with infected swine
C. A bite from by an infected mosquito
D. Close contact with infected birds - ANS D. Close contact with infected birds
According to the World Health Organization, what happens in phase 4 of the phases of a
pandemic?
A. An animal influenza virus circulating in domesticated or wild animals is known to have caused
infection in humans.
Pg. 2 Copyright © 2025 Jasonmcconell. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
