BMTCN — Chapter 1: Basic Concepts and Indications for Transplantation

formation of blood cellular components What is hematopoiesis? Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Found in the long and flat bones Red bone marrow produces... Fat, cartilage, and bone. Located in the long bones. Yellow bone marrow and fat cells produce... HSC develop prior to birth, produced in long bones during childhood and axial skeleton during adulthood. •Bone marrow stroma = hub of cellular activity •Chemokines and cytokines = control proliferation and mobilization of cells Components of hematopoiesis Maintain peripheral blood with proper level of blood components Primary function of hematopoiesis Megakaryoblast - platelets Monoblasts - dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages Erythroblasts - erythrocytes Myeloblasts - the phils (eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils) Tissue mast cells Myeloid stem cells produce Lymphocytes (t lymph cells, b lymph cells - memory plasma cells) NK t cells lymphoid progenitor cells produce Bone marrow Thymus (t cells, anterior mediastinum) Lymph nodes (immunologic filtration) Spleen (filtering WBCs, platelets, and other) Microbiome (maturation of immune response) Primary Immune System Organs loss of a cell's power of division and growth, occurs with age but also canxer tx and transplantation. •Immunosenescence = reduction in size of thymus and immune cell function (not decrease in number) Senescence Myeloid cells Who are the first responders to injury and not pathogen specific? Lymphoid cells Who come later in an immune response and are pathogen specific? Test that provides the degree of genetic match between a donor and recipient in prep for allo transplant What is high -resolution human leukocyte antigen typing used for •twin identical •no immunosuppression •no graft versus tumor effect What is the type of transplant and advantages/disadvantages of syngeneic transplant? •HLA identical relative •Access to cells and no potential stem cell contamination •25% only of population has a sibling match; risk of GVHD What is the type of transplant and advantages/disadvantages of matched sibling/related? HLA-identical nonrelated donor •no contam •increased risk of gvhd; limited non Caucasian donors; waiting period to identify donors What is the type of transplant and advantages/disadvantages of matched unrelated?