CT exam 1 2025 Questions and
Answers
Macromolecules - ANSWER✔✔-These are responsible for most of the form and order of
living systems and are generated by the polymerization of small organic molecules.
monomer - ANSWER✔✔-A simple compound whose molecules can join together to
form polymers
Polysaccharides - ANSWER✔✔-Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two
monosaccharides
lipids - ANSWER✔✔-These macromolecules are synthesized differently than the other
macros. They have different structures as well
protein - ANSWER✔✔-a polymer made of monomers called amino acids
nucleic acids - ANSWER✔✔-Polymers made up of nucleotides
The macromolecules that cannot be called polymers - ANSWER✔✔-Lipid
Catabolism - ANSWER✔✔-Breakdown of proteins
Anabolism - ANSWER✔✔-the building up of proteins
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,peptide bond - ANSWER✔✔-acovalent bond formed between amino acids
What happens during the synthesis of Macromolecules - ANSWER✔✔-dehydration
synthesis or condensation (the release of H2O molecules)
carrier molecule for protein synthesis - ANSWER✔✔-tRNA
carrier molecules for carbohydrate (polysaccharide) synthesis - ANSWER✔✔-Often
glucose, activated by linking ADP or IDP to them
Carrier molecules for synthesis of nucleic acids - ANSWER✔✔-ATP, GTP
these macromolecules are composed of a NON random series of amino acids -
ANSWER✔✔-proteins
How many amino acids are there? (When speaking of protein synthesis) -
ANSWER✔✔-20
Name the classes of proteins (there are 8) - ANSWER✔✔-enzymes
structural
motility
regulatory
transport
hormonal
receptive
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, defensive
these proteins function as catalysts - ANSWER✔✔-enzymes
these proteins give a cell physical support and shape - ANSWER✔✔-structural proteins
these proteins help with contraction and movement of the cell - ANSWER✔✔-motility
proteins
these proteins control and coordinate cell function - ANSWER✔✔-regulatory proteins
these proteins move substances in and out of the cell - ANSWER✔✔-transport proteins
these proteins help with communication between cells - ANSWER✔✔-hormonal
these proteins enable cells to respond to chemical stimuli in the environment -
ANSWER✔✔-receptor proteins
these proteins protect the cell/body from disease - ANSWER✔✔-defensive proteins
Describe the makeup of an amino acid - ANSWER✔✔-chiral (C) center, bonded to a
hydrogen atom, an amine (amine group) , and a side chain (R group)
what type of bond links amino acids? - ANSWER✔✔-covalent
monomeric proteins - ANSWER✔✔-proteins that consist of a single polypeptide
multimeric proteins - ANSWER✔✔-A protein with more than one polypeptide chain;
also said to have a quaternary structure.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Answers
Macromolecules - ANSWER✔✔-These are responsible for most of the form and order of
living systems and are generated by the polymerization of small organic molecules.
monomer - ANSWER✔✔-A simple compound whose molecules can join together to
form polymers
Polysaccharides - ANSWER✔✔-Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two
monosaccharides
lipids - ANSWER✔✔-These macromolecules are synthesized differently than the other
macros. They have different structures as well
protein - ANSWER✔✔-a polymer made of monomers called amino acids
nucleic acids - ANSWER✔✔-Polymers made up of nucleotides
The macromolecules that cannot be called polymers - ANSWER✔✔-Lipid
Catabolism - ANSWER✔✔-Breakdown of proteins
Anabolism - ANSWER✔✔-the building up of proteins
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,peptide bond - ANSWER✔✔-acovalent bond formed between amino acids
What happens during the synthesis of Macromolecules - ANSWER✔✔-dehydration
synthesis or condensation (the release of H2O molecules)
carrier molecule for protein synthesis - ANSWER✔✔-tRNA
carrier molecules for carbohydrate (polysaccharide) synthesis - ANSWER✔✔-Often
glucose, activated by linking ADP or IDP to them
Carrier molecules for synthesis of nucleic acids - ANSWER✔✔-ATP, GTP
these macromolecules are composed of a NON random series of amino acids -
ANSWER✔✔-proteins
How many amino acids are there? (When speaking of protein synthesis) -
ANSWER✔✔-20
Name the classes of proteins (there are 8) - ANSWER✔✔-enzymes
structural
motility
regulatory
transport
hormonal
receptive
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, defensive
these proteins function as catalysts - ANSWER✔✔-enzymes
these proteins give a cell physical support and shape - ANSWER✔✔-structural proteins
these proteins help with contraction and movement of the cell - ANSWER✔✔-motility
proteins
these proteins control and coordinate cell function - ANSWER✔✔-regulatory proteins
these proteins move substances in and out of the cell - ANSWER✔✔-transport proteins
these proteins help with communication between cells - ANSWER✔✔-hormonal
these proteins enable cells to respond to chemical stimuli in the environment -
ANSWER✔✔-receptor proteins
these proteins protect the cell/body from disease - ANSWER✔✔-defensive proteins
Describe the makeup of an amino acid - ANSWER✔✔-chiral (C) center, bonded to a
hydrogen atom, an amine (amine group) , and a side chain (R group)
what type of bond links amino acids? - ANSWER✔✔-covalent
monomeric proteins - ANSWER✔✔-proteins that consist of a single polypeptide
multimeric proteins - ANSWER✔✔-A protein with more than one polypeptide chain;
also said to have a quaternary structure.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
