A patient is found to have hematuria, proteinuria, and an elevated serum creatinine.
These findings indicate
a) Prerenal acute kidney injury
b) Acute tubular necrosis
c) Postrenal chronic kidney injury
d) Glomerulonephritis
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, d) Glomerulonephritis
A nurse taking care of a patient diagnosed with heart failure and prerenal AKI (acute
kidney injury) notes that "casts" are now present on the patient's urinalysis report.
Which statement best describes the pathophysiologic rational for casts in this patient?
a) As kidney tubular cells die, they slough off into the urinary tubules then are
reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries, causing arterial blockages called casts.
b) Elevated levels of blood urea nitrogen cause the formation of crystals within the
kidney tubular cells. These crystals are known as casts.
c) Casts are evidence of dead kidney tubular cells as a result of the low cardiac
output and prolonged ischemia from the heart failure problem.
d) Oliguria has caused fluid volume overload. With a fluid volume overload, more
pressure is exerted on Bowman's capsule, causing the formation of casts.
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c) Casts are evidence of dead kidney tubular cells as a result of the low
cardiac output and prolonged ischemia from the heart failure problem.
A patient with a history of chronic kidney disease sustains a stress fracture of the
vertebra. Her increased risk of this kind of event is most likely due to
a) dehydration from postrenal AKI.
b) osteoporosis from decreased activation of vitamin D.
c) osteoporosis from decreased phosphate.
d) anemia due to lack of erythropoietin.
Give this one a try later!
These findings indicate
a) Prerenal acute kidney injury
b) Acute tubular necrosis
c) Postrenal chronic kidney injury
d) Glomerulonephritis
Give this one a try later!
, d) Glomerulonephritis
A nurse taking care of a patient diagnosed with heart failure and prerenal AKI (acute
kidney injury) notes that "casts" are now present on the patient's urinalysis report.
Which statement best describes the pathophysiologic rational for casts in this patient?
a) As kidney tubular cells die, they slough off into the urinary tubules then are
reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries, causing arterial blockages called casts.
b) Elevated levels of blood urea nitrogen cause the formation of crystals within the
kidney tubular cells. These crystals are known as casts.
c) Casts are evidence of dead kidney tubular cells as a result of the low cardiac
output and prolonged ischemia from the heart failure problem.
d) Oliguria has caused fluid volume overload. With a fluid volume overload, more
pressure is exerted on Bowman's capsule, causing the formation of casts.
Give this one a try later!
c) Casts are evidence of dead kidney tubular cells as a result of the low
cardiac output and prolonged ischemia from the heart failure problem.
A patient with a history of chronic kidney disease sustains a stress fracture of the
vertebra. Her increased risk of this kind of event is most likely due to
a) dehydration from postrenal AKI.
b) osteoporosis from decreased activation of vitamin D.
c) osteoporosis from decreased phosphate.
d) anemia due to lack of erythropoietin.
Give this one a try later!
