CARDIAC FINAL EXAM NEW VERSION UPDATE WITH
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ACTUAL ANSWERS
FROM A VERIFIED SOURCE GRADED A+.
When CvO2 and SvO2 decreases when ______ decreases. (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Cardiac Output
What is the normal VO2? (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS-250
ml/minute
When is pulmonary HTN diagnosed? - CORRECT ANSWERS-MPAP > 25
mmHg
What are tx (4) for pulmonary HTN? (On Notecard) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-- O2
- Sildenafil
- INO
- Epoprostenol (IV or inhaled)
How does pulmonary HTN turn into cor pulmonale? (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Pulm. vasoconstriction increases RV afterload =
hypertrophy = failure
Pulmonary embolisms are diseases that most commonly increase ____ ___.
- CORRECT ANSWERS-Alveolar deadspace
How do you diagnose a PE? (4) (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Spiral CT w/ contrast (BEST)
- D-Dimer lab
- V/Q Scan
- Pulmonary Angiogram
,What will a PE chest x-ray show? (On Notecard) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Peripheral wedge shaped infiltrate
How do you treat a PE (4)? (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Heparin
- Systemic thrombolytics:
-tPA
- Streptokinase
- Inferior vena cava filters
What will a chest x-ray with pulmonary edema look like? (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Butterfly/batwing pattern around perihilar
region
CAD is the leading cause of _____. (____) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Death
(1/3)
The most common cause of CAD is ______. - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Atherosclerosis
What is used to treat CAD? (4) (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Antiplatelets
- Beta blockers
- Fibrinolytic drugs
- PCI or CABG
What is cardiomyopathy? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Abnormality in the
myocardium, prevents blood from pumping effectively
In CHF, the blood isn't being pumped efficiently causing blood & fluid to
_____ around the ____. - CORRECT ANSWERS-Congest, lungs
(pulmonary edema)
What are the treatments available for CHF? (5) (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-- Diuretics
, - Nitrates
- Positive inotropes
- ACE Inhibitors
- NPPV
What is endocarditis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Infection of the
endocardium (inner lining)
What is pericarditis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Swelling of the
pericardium
What is cardiac tamponade? - CORRECT ANSWERS-compression of
the heart by an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac (CO is
reduced!)
PEEP can potentially reduce ____ & ____ in the heart. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Afterload & preload (which can relieve congestion & improve
CO)
Changes in lung volumes affect _____. - CORRECT ANSWERS-PVR
The optimal PEEP: _____ units that were collapsed, will ____ ___. -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Recruits, reduce PVR
Hyperinflation from PEEP can cause the pulmonary circuit to be ____, ____
will increase - CORRECT ANSWERS-compressed, PVR will increased
Cardiogenic Shock is: - CORRECT ANSWERS-LV Failure results in
circulatory failure VASOCONSTRICTION (SVR increases)
Treatment for cardiogenic shock includes: (On Notecard) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-- Positive inotropic agents
Obstructive shock is: - CORRECT ANSWERS-An obstruction prevents
blood from pumping forward VASOCONSTRICTION (SVR increases)
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ACTUAL ANSWERS
FROM A VERIFIED SOURCE GRADED A+.
When CvO2 and SvO2 decreases when ______ decreases. (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Cardiac Output
What is the normal VO2? (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS-250
ml/minute
When is pulmonary HTN diagnosed? - CORRECT ANSWERS-MPAP > 25
mmHg
What are tx (4) for pulmonary HTN? (On Notecard) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-- O2
- Sildenafil
- INO
- Epoprostenol (IV or inhaled)
How does pulmonary HTN turn into cor pulmonale? (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Pulm. vasoconstriction increases RV afterload =
hypertrophy = failure
Pulmonary embolisms are diseases that most commonly increase ____ ___.
- CORRECT ANSWERS-Alveolar deadspace
How do you diagnose a PE? (4) (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Spiral CT w/ contrast (BEST)
- D-Dimer lab
- V/Q Scan
- Pulmonary Angiogram
,What will a PE chest x-ray show? (On Notecard) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Peripheral wedge shaped infiltrate
How do you treat a PE (4)? (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Heparin
- Systemic thrombolytics:
-tPA
- Streptokinase
- Inferior vena cava filters
What will a chest x-ray with pulmonary edema look like? (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Butterfly/batwing pattern around perihilar
region
CAD is the leading cause of _____. (____) - CORRECT ANSWERS-Death
(1/3)
The most common cause of CAD is ______. - CORRECT ANSWERS-
Atherosclerosis
What is used to treat CAD? (4) (On Notecard) - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Antiplatelets
- Beta blockers
- Fibrinolytic drugs
- PCI or CABG
What is cardiomyopathy? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Abnormality in the
myocardium, prevents blood from pumping effectively
In CHF, the blood isn't being pumped efficiently causing blood & fluid to
_____ around the ____. - CORRECT ANSWERS-Congest, lungs
(pulmonary edema)
What are the treatments available for CHF? (5) (On Notecard) -
CORRECT ANSWERS-- Diuretics
, - Nitrates
- Positive inotropes
- ACE Inhibitors
- NPPV
What is endocarditis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Infection of the
endocardium (inner lining)
What is pericarditis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Swelling of the
pericardium
What is cardiac tamponade? - CORRECT ANSWERS-compression of
the heart by an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac (CO is
reduced!)
PEEP can potentially reduce ____ & ____ in the heart. - CORRECT
ANSWERS-Afterload & preload (which can relieve congestion & improve
CO)
Changes in lung volumes affect _____. - CORRECT ANSWERS-PVR
The optimal PEEP: _____ units that were collapsed, will ____ ___. -
CORRECT ANSWERS-Recruits, reduce PVR
Hyperinflation from PEEP can cause the pulmonary circuit to be ____, ____
will increase - CORRECT ANSWERS-compressed, PVR will increased
Cardiogenic Shock is: - CORRECT ANSWERS-LV Failure results in
circulatory failure VASOCONSTRICTION (SVR increases)
Treatment for cardiogenic shock includes: (On Notecard) - CORRECT
ANSWERS-- Positive inotropic agents
Obstructive shock is: - CORRECT ANSWERS-An obstruction prevents
blood from pumping forward VASOCONSTRICTION (SVR increases)
