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BIO 155 Study Guide Exam Questions And
Answers 100% Pass
What are the natures of science? - ANS 1. Science demands evidence
2. Science is a blend of logic and imagination
3. Science explains and predicts
4. Scientists try to identify and avoid bias
5. Scientific ideas are subject to change
6. There is no one scientific method
7. Science deals only with natural patterns and explanations
What has biological inquiry evolved into mainly these days? - ANS A hypothesis-driven and
evidence-based practice
What is biology? - ANS The study of living organisms and their interactions with one another
and their environments
What is science? - ANS Knowledge that covers general truths or the operation of general
laws, especially when acquired and tested by the scientific method
What is the scientific method? - ANS A method of research with defined steps that include
experiments and careful observation
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
What is a hypothesis? - ANS 1. A suggested explanation for an event, which can be tested.
(text book)
2. A statement that describes the relationships among two or more biological variables (lab
notebook)
What is a null hypothesis? - ANS States that there is NO relationship between the
independent variable and the dependent variable. Therefore, the independent variable does
not affect the dependent variable.
What is an alternative hypothesis? - ANS States that there IS a relationship between the
independent variable and the dependent variable. It does not confirm the desired outcome.
Why are the null and alternative hypotheses used? - ANS To avoid bias
What is a theory? - ANS A tested and confirmed explanation for observations or phenomena
What are natural sciences? - ANS Fields of science related to the physical world and its
phenomena and processes
What are life sciences? - ANS The study of living things and includes biology
What are physical sciences? - ANS The study of nonliving matter. This includes astronomy,
geology, physics, chemistry.
What is inductive reasoning? - ANS A form of logical thinking that uses related observations
to arrive at a general conclusion. Data can be qualitative or quantitative. It involves formulating
generalizations inferred from careful observation and the analysis of a large amount of data.
What field of science is inductive reasoning commonly used? - ANS Descriptive science. Life
scientists, like a biologist, makes observations and records them.
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What is deductive reasoning? - ANS A form of logical thinking that uses a general principle or
law to forecast specific results. These predictions have been made and tested.
What type of science uses deductive reasoning? - ANS Used in climate change predictions.
What is descriptive science? - ANS Aims to observe, explore, discover, and is usually
inductive.
What is hypothesis-based science? - ANS Begins with a specific question or problem, and a
potential answer or solution that can be tested. It is usually deductive.
Who was first documented to apply the scientific method? - ANS Sir Francis Bacon in England
What should a valid hypothesis be? - ANS Testable and falsifiable.
What does falsifiable mean? - ANS It can be disproven by experimental results.
How do you test a hypothesis? - ANS Conduct one or more experiments designed to
eliminate one or more of the hypotheses. Each experiment will have one or more variable and
one or more controls.
What is a variable? - ANS Any part of the experiment that can vary or change during the
experiment.
What is a control group? - ANS Contains every feature of the experimental group except it is
not given the manipulation that is hypothesized about.
BIO 155 Study Guide Exam Questions And
Answers 100% Pass
What are the natures of science? - ANS 1. Science demands evidence
2. Science is a blend of logic and imagination
3. Science explains and predicts
4. Scientists try to identify and avoid bias
5. Scientific ideas are subject to change
6. There is no one scientific method
7. Science deals only with natural patterns and explanations
What has biological inquiry evolved into mainly these days? - ANS A hypothesis-driven and
evidence-based practice
What is biology? - ANS The study of living organisms and their interactions with one another
and their environments
What is science? - ANS Knowledge that covers general truths or the operation of general
laws, especially when acquired and tested by the scientific method
What is the scientific method? - ANS A method of research with defined steps that include
experiments and careful observation
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
What is a hypothesis? - ANS 1. A suggested explanation for an event, which can be tested.
(text book)
2. A statement that describes the relationships among two or more biological variables (lab
notebook)
What is a null hypothesis? - ANS States that there is NO relationship between the
independent variable and the dependent variable. Therefore, the independent variable does
not affect the dependent variable.
What is an alternative hypothesis? - ANS States that there IS a relationship between the
independent variable and the dependent variable. It does not confirm the desired outcome.
Why are the null and alternative hypotheses used? - ANS To avoid bias
What is a theory? - ANS A tested and confirmed explanation for observations or phenomena
What are natural sciences? - ANS Fields of science related to the physical world and its
phenomena and processes
What are life sciences? - ANS The study of living things and includes biology
What are physical sciences? - ANS The study of nonliving matter. This includes astronomy,
geology, physics, chemistry.
What is inductive reasoning? - ANS A form of logical thinking that uses related observations
to arrive at a general conclusion. Data can be qualitative or quantitative. It involves formulating
generalizations inferred from careful observation and the analysis of a large amount of data.
What field of science is inductive reasoning commonly used? - ANS Descriptive science. Life
scientists, like a biologist, makes observations and records them.
, ©EVERLY 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
What is deductive reasoning? - ANS A form of logical thinking that uses a general principle or
law to forecast specific results. These predictions have been made and tested.
What type of science uses deductive reasoning? - ANS Used in climate change predictions.
What is descriptive science? - ANS Aims to observe, explore, discover, and is usually
inductive.
What is hypothesis-based science? - ANS Begins with a specific question or problem, and a
potential answer or solution that can be tested. It is usually deductive.
Who was first documented to apply the scientific method? - ANS Sir Francis Bacon in England
What should a valid hypothesis be? - ANS Testable and falsifiable.
What does falsifiable mean? - ANS It can be disproven by experimental results.
How do you test a hypothesis? - ANS Conduct one or more experiments designed to
eliminate one or more of the hypotheses. Each experiment will have one or more variable and
one or more controls.
What is a variable? - ANS Any part of the experiment that can vary or change during the
experiment.
What is a control group? - ANS Contains every feature of the experimental group except it is
not given the manipulation that is hypothesized about.
