1. What factors might Cells drying out, less physical support, sperm will have a hard time fertilizing
have made it di�cult eggs
for a lineage of algae
to invade land?
2. What are the chal- Need to maintain water in cells, support, sexual reproduction
lenges of contesting
land?
3. What was the advan- Avoids competition for light
tage to moving to
land?
4. What traits do green Cellulose Cell wall, chlorophyll a &b, two anterior �agella
algae share with land
plants?
5. What is a preadapta- A trait that was already present and allowed a major ecological transition
tion?
6. What are traits Often found growing at edges of small ponds, shoreline of ponds change
of the freshwater with rainfall, strong selective pressure to tolerate dry periods
charophytes
7. What are 4 preadap- Fresh water, spores, spores covered in spuropollenin, can associate with
tations of charo- mycorrhizal fungi which helps get nutrients
phytes?
8. What is sporopol- Most stable biopolymer known, decay resistant!, dehydration resistant, uv
lenin? protectant
9. Found in 400 MA fossils, essential fur acquiring nutrients and for the step
onto land
, What are mycor-
rhizal partners good
for?
10. What are the major Cuticle, pores or stomata, embryo
adaptations shared
by all land plants?
11. How many spores 4
does a charophyte
doing zygotic meio-
sis make for each fer-
tilization event?
12. What are the two gametophyte and sporophyte
generations?
13. What is the gameto- haploid, produces gametes by mitosis
phyte generation?
14. What is a sporo- Diploid, makes spores by meiosis
phyte?
15. What is the embryo? A young sporophyte that is nourished by maternal tissue
16. Features of liver- Bryophytes, all very short, tend to live in moist understories of forests,
worts, mosses and gametophyte is dominant life stage - the sporophyte lives on gametophyte
hornworts in general and is dependent on it for nourishment
17. Liverworts a nonvascular plant that's shaped like a human liver. found growing as a thick
crust on moist rocks or soil along the sides of a stream.,~ 9000 species, do
not have stomata- only pores
18. Mosses
, Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h8kiau
15000 species economically important especially in �orist trade ' — soft,
small, green and nonvascular and are found on the ground near water, have
stomata
19. Hornworts A small, herbaceous, nonvascular plant that is a member of the phylum
Anthocerophyta., only r 100 species, sporophyte long lived
20. Why did plants get Being taller than competitors is important
taller?
21. In order to achieve Transport things with their bodies - water to leaves, sugars made in leaves
great heights plants to all other cells (roots and stems)
need to...
22. True or false: spores, True
which are dispersed
by wind, are dis-
persed further from
greater heights
23. True or false: larg- True
er, branched sporo-
phytes allow the
plant to make more
spores per fertiliza-
tion event
24. True or false: ga- True
metophyte is con-
strained by the need
for water (and lacks a
vascular system)
have made it di�cult eggs
for a lineage of algae
to invade land?
2. What are the chal- Need to maintain water in cells, support, sexual reproduction
lenges of contesting
land?
3. What was the advan- Avoids competition for light
tage to moving to
land?
4. What traits do green Cellulose Cell wall, chlorophyll a &b, two anterior �agella
algae share with land
plants?
5. What is a preadapta- A trait that was already present and allowed a major ecological transition
tion?
6. What are traits Often found growing at edges of small ponds, shoreline of ponds change
of the freshwater with rainfall, strong selective pressure to tolerate dry periods
charophytes
7. What are 4 preadap- Fresh water, spores, spores covered in spuropollenin, can associate with
tations of charo- mycorrhizal fungi which helps get nutrients
phytes?
8. What is sporopol- Most stable biopolymer known, decay resistant!, dehydration resistant, uv
lenin? protectant
9. Found in 400 MA fossils, essential fur acquiring nutrients and for the step
onto land
, What are mycor-
rhizal partners good
for?
10. What are the major Cuticle, pores or stomata, embryo
adaptations shared
by all land plants?
11. How many spores 4
does a charophyte
doing zygotic meio-
sis make for each fer-
tilization event?
12. What are the two gametophyte and sporophyte
generations?
13. What is the gameto- haploid, produces gametes by mitosis
phyte generation?
14. What is a sporo- Diploid, makes spores by meiosis
phyte?
15. What is the embryo? A young sporophyte that is nourished by maternal tissue
16. Features of liver- Bryophytes, all very short, tend to live in moist understories of forests,
worts, mosses and gametophyte is dominant life stage - the sporophyte lives on gametophyte
hornworts in general and is dependent on it for nourishment
17. Liverworts a nonvascular plant that's shaped like a human liver. found growing as a thick
crust on moist rocks or soil along the sides of a stream.,~ 9000 species, do
not have stomata- only pores
18. Mosses
, Study online at https://quizlet.com/_h8kiau
15000 species economically important especially in �orist trade ' — soft,
small, green and nonvascular and are found on the ground near water, have
stomata
19. Hornworts A small, herbaceous, nonvascular plant that is a member of the phylum
Anthocerophyta., only r 100 species, sporophyte long lived
20. Why did plants get Being taller than competitors is important
taller?
21. In order to achieve Transport things with their bodies - water to leaves, sugars made in leaves
great heights plants to all other cells (roots and stems)
need to...
22. True or false: spores, True
which are dispersed
by wind, are dis-
persed further from
greater heights
23. True or false: larg- True
er, branched sporo-
phytes allow the
plant to make more
spores per fertiliza-
tion event
24. True or false: ga- True
metophyte is con-
strained by the need
for water (and lacks a
vascular system)
