University of Iowa Human Biology
Exam 1 Questions with Complete
Answers
proteins 2 main functions - ANSWER-enzymes
hormones
nucleic acids 2 main functions - ANSWER-genetic info
used to make proteins
carbohydrates have these molecules: - ANSWER-glycogen
starch
cellulose
chitin
lipids have these molecules: - ANSWER-triglycerides
phospholipids
steroids
proteins have these molecules: - ANSWER-hemoglobin
nucleic acids have these molecules: - ANSWER-RNA
DNA
how is energy released by ATP - ANSWER-breaking the bonds
primary structure of a protein - ANSWER-represented by amino acid sequence
secondary structure of a protein - ANSWER-describes how chain of amino acids is
oriented in space
tertiary structure of a protein - ANSWER-how the protein twists and folds to form a
3D shape
quaternary structure of a protein - ANSWER-how many polypeptide chains make up
a protein
what two atoms mostly make up fatty acids - ANSWER-hydrogen and carbon
saturated fatty acid - ANSWER-single bonds
solid at room temp
unsaturated fatty acid - ANSWER-double bonds
liquid at room temp
prokaryotic cells - ANSWER-no nucleus
smaller
, DNA
eukaryotic cells - ANSWER-nucleus
larger
humans
DNA
4 components that make up a cell membrane - ANSWER-phospholipids
cholesterol
proteins
carbohydrates
phospholipids - ANSWER-barrier
cholesterol - ANSWER-maintain rigidity
proteins - ANSWER-transport channel
carbohydrates - ANSWER-identity molecule
Diffusion across a membrane - ANSWER-small/nonpolar
low to high
facilitated diffusion across a membrane - ANSWER-large/polar
transport protein
high to low
active transport across a membrane - ANSWER-molecules of any size
transport channel
low to high
isotonic - ANSWER-same
hypertonic - ANSWER-above
hypotonic - ANSWER-below
nucleus - ANSWER-info center
holds DNA; doesn't let it out
nucleolus - ANSWER-ribosome synthesis
ribosomes - ANSWER-cell protein factories
makes chains of amino acids
rough ER - ANSWER-synthesis of proteins in presence of ribosomes
smooth ER - ANSWER-manufacturing lipids
golgi - ANSWER-collection site for proteins and fatty acids
Exam 1 Questions with Complete
Answers
proteins 2 main functions - ANSWER-enzymes
hormones
nucleic acids 2 main functions - ANSWER-genetic info
used to make proteins
carbohydrates have these molecules: - ANSWER-glycogen
starch
cellulose
chitin
lipids have these molecules: - ANSWER-triglycerides
phospholipids
steroids
proteins have these molecules: - ANSWER-hemoglobin
nucleic acids have these molecules: - ANSWER-RNA
DNA
how is energy released by ATP - ANSWER-breaking the bonds
primary structure of a protein - ANSWER-represented by amino acid sequence
secondary structure of a protein - ANSWER-describes how chain of amino acids is
oriented in space
tertiary structure of a protein - ANSWER-how the protein twists and folds to form a
3D shape
quaternary structure of a protein - ANSWER-how many polypeptide chains make up
a protein
what two atoms mostly make up fatty acids - ANSWER-hydrogen and carbon
saturated fatty acid - ANSWER-single bonds
solid at room temp
unsaturated fatty acid - ANSWER-double bonds
liquid at room temp
prokaryotic cells - ANSWER-no nucleus
smaller
, DNA
eukaryotic cells - ANSWER-nucleus
larger
humans
DNA
4 components that make up a cell membrane - ANSWER-phospholipids
cholesterol
proteins
carbohydrates
phospholipids - ANSWER-barrier
cholesterol - ANSWER-maintain rigidity
proteins - ANSWER-transport channel
carbohydrates - ANSWER-identity molecule
Diffusion across a membrane - ANSWER-small/nonpolar
low to high
facilitated diffusion across a membrane - ANSWER-large/polar
transport protein
high to low
active transport across a membrane - ANSWER-molecules of any size
transport channel
low to high
isotonic - ANSWER-same
hypertonic - ANSWER-above
hypotonic - ANSWER-below
nucleus - ANSWER-info center
holds DNA; doesn't let it out
nucleolus - ANSWER-ribosome synthesis
ribosomes - ANSWER-cell protein factories
makes chains of amino acids
rough ER - ANSWER-synthesis of proteins in presence of ribosomes
smooth ER - ANSWER-manufacturing lipids
golgi - ANSWER-collection site for proteins and fatty acids
