EMT Practice Test Questions and Verified
Answers
What is TIA answer - transient ischemic attack; this is where vessels in the brain are blocked for
a few minutes
When do you change roles during CPR? answer - every two minutes
What is another name for a heart attack? answer - acute myocardial infarction
What does nitroglycerin do? answer - nitroglycerin dilates the vessels to reduce the hearts
preload
When cells are deprived of oxygen and die they are called? answer - infarcted cells
What type of heart attack is extremely common in elderly? answer - silent heart attack
What is arteriosclerosis? answer - thickening of arterial walls
What is pericardial tamponade? answer - the heart is impeded by fluid in the pericardium
What happens when someone has a pericardial tamponade? answer - low blood pressure;
muffled heart sound; weak pulse due to the hearts struggles to pump
,If a patient is unresponsive with a pulse you: answer - 2 quick rescue breaths then breaths 10-
12 every minute
what does a sphygmonometer measure? answer - it measures blood pressure
what is a normal systolic blood pressure for a child? answer - 80-110
what are three things to check if suspicious of a stroke? answer - speech, facial droop, arm drift
what are the actions of nitroglycerin answer - smooth muscle relaxation, reduces cardiac
workload, dilates coronary arteries, and dilates systemic arteries
what happens if a patient has preeclampsia? answer - hypertensive; extremely high blood
pressure and swelling in extremities; susceptible to seizures
what is an ischemic stroke? answer - blood flow being cut off from part of the brain
what is the normal heart rate for a child answer - 70-110 beats per minute
what ratio should 2 person cpr on a child be done at? answer - 15:2
what is the correct treatment for someone undergoing asphyxia cardiac arrest? answer - 5
cycles of CPR prior to retrieving the AED or emergency response system
what is the most common reason for cardiac arrest in children? answer - respiratory arrest
what does the term lumen refer to in EMS? answer - the diameter of a tube
, rescue breathing guidelines: answer - adult: 1 breath every 5-6 seconds; child: 1 breath every 3-
5 seconds
what does placing a folded towel underneath a child’s shoulders do? answer - it aids in aligning
the child’s airway
what does DKA cause? answer - it causes frequent urination in an attempt to rid the body of
excess acid buildup
what does alpha 1 receptors do? answer - vasoconstricts/shunts blood
what does beta 1 receptors do? answer - increases HR/contractility
what is the difference between compensatory and decompensatory stages of shock? answer -
compensatory: normal blood pressure
decompensatory: Systemic blood pressure decreases and altered mental status
two types of frontal impact is: answer - up and over or down and under
up and over crashes injury: answer - head, neck, chest, abdomen
down and under crash injury: answer - knees, femurs, hips, pelvis, spine
what is the paper bag effect? answer - when a victim takes a deep breath before impact and
the air trapped in the lungs is compressed; may cause a pneumothorax
Answers
What is TIA answer - transient ischemic attack; this is where vessels in the brain are blocked for
a few minutes
When do you change roles during CPR? answer - every two minutes
What is another name for a heart attack? answer - acute myocardial infarction
What does nitroglycerin do? answer - nitroglycerin dilates the vessels to reduce the hearts
preload
When cells are deprived of oxygen and die they are called? answer - infarcted cells
What type of heart attack is extremely common in elderly? answer - silent heart attack
What is arteriosclerosis? answer - thickening of arterial walls
What is pericardial tamponade? answer - the heart is impeded by fluid in the pericardium
What happens when someone has a pericardial tamponade? answer - low blood pressure;
muffled heart sound; weak pulse due to the hearts struggles to pump
,If a patient is unresponsive with a pulse you: answer - 2 quick rescue breaths then breaths 10-
12 every minute
what does a sphygmonometer measure? answer - it measures blood pressure
what is a normal systolic blood pressure for a child? answer - 80-110
what are three things to check if suspicious of a stroke? answer - speech, facial droop, arm drift
what are the actions of nitroglycerin answer - smooth muscle relaxation, reduces cardiac
workload, dilates coronary arteries, and dilates systemic arteries
what happens if a patient has preeclampsia? answer - hypertensive; extremely high blood
pressure and swelling in extremities; susceptible to seizures
what is an ischemic stroke? answer - blood flow being cut off from part of the brain
what is the normal heart rate for a child answer - 70-110 beats per minute
what ratio should 2 person cpr on a child be done at? answer - 15:2
what is the correct treatment for someone undergoing asphyxia cardiac arrest? answer - 5
cycles of CPR prior to retrieving the AED or emergency response system
what is the most common reason for cardiac arrest in children? answer - respiratory arrest
what does the term lumen refer to in EMS? answer - the diameter of a tube
, rescue breathing guidelines: answer - adult: 1 breath every 5-6 seconds; child: 1 breath every 3-
5 seconds
what does placing a folded towel underneath a child’s shoulders do? answer - it aids in aligning
the child’s airway
what does DKA cause? answer - it causes frequent urination in an attempt to rid the body of
excess acid buildup
what does alpha 1 receptors do? answer - vasoconstricts/shunts blood
what does beta 1 receptors do? answer - increases HR/contractility
what is the difference between compensatory and decompensatory stages of shock? answer -
compensatory: normal blood pressure
decompensatory: Systemic blood pressure decreases and altered mental status
two types of frontal impact is: answer - up and over or down and under
up and over crashes injury: answer - head, neck, chest, abdomen
down and under crash injury: answer - knees, femurs, hips, pelvis, spine
what is the paper bag effect? answer - when a victim takes a deep breath before impact and
the air trapped in the lungs is compressed; may cause a pneumothorax
