NCTRC EXAM STUDY WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
holistic approach - Correct Answers -Advocates personal responsibility for healthy living
recreational experience - Correct Answers -Everyone has a Right to recreate.
Recreation as an end to itself
Treatment concept - Correct Answers -used as a treatment tool to cure> to use
Recreation to meet other needs/goals.
Individualized Intervention Plan - Correct Answers -an individualized plan of care or
intervention for a person served by a qualified TR/RT professional (CTRS) based on
assessed strengths and needs, and includes goals, objectives and intervention
strategies aimed at fostering desirable and necessary outcomes.
Treatment/Service Teams - Correct Answers -also referred to as "intervention team",
and "multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary,
transdisciplinary team". A treatment team is a group of qualified profession
Standards of Practice: - Correct Answers -statements of professional expectations for
service delivery in order to assure systematic provision of recreation therapy services.
Such statements are set by the organizations representing
the specific profession
social recreation - Correct Answers -activity engaged in during one's leisure time that
involves, in an appropriate setting, social interaction
continuum model - Correct Answers -This diagnoses the behavior between non-
problematic use and severely problematic use. Goes from ranges of use, abuse, &
dependence.
Leisure ability model - Correct Answers -most widely accepted and utilized.
composed of 3 components
1) functional intervention
2) leisure education
3) recreation participation
ultimate goal: a satisfying leisure lifestyle.
,Activity therapy - Correct Answers -uses things the resident enjoys to prevent boredom
and frustration
Ecological Model - Correct Answers -a model that represents or describes the
relationships between the components of an ecological system
Long term care - Correct Answers -provide medical, nursing, dietary, recreation,
rehabilitative and social services for residents. Maybe permanent or temporary.
custodial model - Correct Answers -This emphasizes security, discipline, and order. To
do with incarceration.
therapeutic milieu - Correct Answers -An environment that provides client the
opportunity to interact with staff and other clients. It gives the client the opportunity to
practice interpersonal skills, provide feedback to peers about behavior, and work
together to develop problem-solving skills.
medical model - Correct Answers -the concept that diseases have physical causes that
can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured. When applied to psychological
disorders, *this* assumes that these mental illnesses can be diagnosed on the basis of
their symptoms and cured through therapy, which may include treatment in a psychiatric
hospital.
human service model - Correct Answers -A treatment approch that utilizes problems
solving to work with clients and their problems within the context of the environment.
leisure - Correct Answers -freedom to choose a pastime or enjoyable activity
attribution model - Correct Answers -A person's explanation of the course of events that
occurred in their life. External and internal.
learned helplessness - Correct Answers -condition in which repeated attempts to control
a situation fail, resulting in the belief that the situation is uncontrollable
perceived freedom - Correct Answers -feeling free to participate in an activity without a
nagging sense that you have to or that you should be doing something else
intrinsic motivation - Correct Answers -A desire to perform a behavior for its own sake
extrinsic motivation - Correct Answers -a desire to perform a behavior due to promised
rewards or threats of punishment
internal locus of control - Correct Answers -the perception that one controls one's own
fate
,external locus of control - Correct Answers -the perception that chance or outside forces
beyond one's personal control determine one's fate
play - Correct Answers -spontaneous
psycho analytic - Correct Answers -freud: superego and guilt, today: induction empathy
based guilt: ok to feel a bit of guilt but not too much/ with superego, fear of guilt, keeps
us in check fear of punishment, fear of losing love of parents
5-6 yo moral development done
catharsis theory - Correct Answers -the idea that viewing violence actually reduces
violent behavior
diversional play - Correct Answers -child's activities have no purpose, indicating
boredom
compensation theory - Correct Answers -leisure is used to *make up for* needs
unfulfilled by work.
surplus energy - Correct Answers -The idea that children play to displace energy that is
usually used for survival is what
flow theory - Correct Answers -high skill + high challenge.
high skill + medium challenge = control (most activities we do)
intrinsic motivation, being in the zone
self-actualization - Correct Answers -according to Maslow, the ultimate psychological
need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem
is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential
maslow hierarchy of needs - Correct Answers -theory of motivation based on unmet
human needs from basic physiological needs to safety, social, and esteem needs to
self-actualization needs
legally blind - Correct Answers -20/200
hearing loss - Correct Answers -deafness is when a person cannot understand speech
from hearing alone. ranges from mild to severe, symptoms include speaking too loudly,
leaning forwards to hear, cupping hand or turning head, inappropriate responses,
asking for repeating words - Nervous system disorder
stroke - Correct Answers -a sudden loss of consciousness resulting when the rupture or
occlusion of a blood vessel leads to oxygen lack in the brain
, signs of stroke - Correct Answers -severe HA, slurred speech, weakness or paralysis,
change in cranial nerves, confusion or disorientation, dizziness or ataxia
autism - Correct Answers -a disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by
deficient communication, social interaction, and understanding of others' states of mind
anxiety - Correct Answers -An emotional state of high energy, with the stress response
as the body's reaction to it.
AXIS I - Correct Answers -All clinical disorders EXCEPT personality disorders and
mental retardation
AXIS II - Correct Answers -personality disorders and mental retardation
paranoid - Correct Answers -a type of schizophrenia characterized by prominent
delusions that are persecutory or grandiose
passive-aggressive - Correct Answers -an indirect expression of aggression delievered
in a way that allows the sender to maintain a facade of kindness
phobia - Correct Answers -an anxiety disorder characterized by extreme and irrational
fear of simple things or social situations
anti-social - Correct Answers -a personality disorder where the person has no respect
for laws or the rights of other human beings
borderline - Correct Answers -cluster B personality disorder: In a constant state of crisis,
promiscuous, unable to tolerate anxiety-causing situations, afraid of being alone, and
having intense but brief relationships
post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - Correct Answers -Phenomenon in which
victums of catastrophes experience again the original event in the form of dreams or
flash backs.
depression - Correct Answers -a condition of general emotional dejection and
withdrawal; sadness greater and more prolonged than that warranted by any objective
reason.
manic - Correct Answers -affected with or marked by frenzy or mania uncontrolled by
reason
mania - Correct Answers -a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic
state
SOLUTIONS
holistic approach - Correct Answers -Advocates personal responsibility for healthy living
recreational experience - Correct Answers -Everyone has a Right to recreate.
Recreation as an end to itself
Treatment concept - Correct Answers -used as a treatment tool to cure> to use
Recreation to meet other needs/goals.
Individualized Intervention Plan - Correct Answers -an individualized plan of care or
intervention for a person served by a qualified TR/RT professional (CTRS) based on
assessed strengths and needs, and includes goals, objectives and intervention
strategies aimed at fostering desirable and necessary outcomes.
Treatment/Service Teams - Correct Answers -also referred to as "intervention team",
and "multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary,
transdisciplinary team". A treatment team is a group of qualified profession
Standards of Practice: - Correct Answers -statements of professional expectations for
service delivery in order to assure systematic provision of recreation therapy services.
Such statements are set by the organizations representing
the specific profession
social recreation - Correct Answers -activity engaged in during one's leisure time that
involves, in an appropriate setting, social interaction
continuum model - Correct Answers -This diagnoses the behavior between non-
problematic use and severely problematic use. Goes from ranges of use, abuse, &
dependence.
Leisure ability model - Correct Answers -most widely accepted and utilized.
composed of 3 components
1) functional intervention
2) leisure education
3) recreation participation
ultimate goal: a satisfying leisure lifestyle.
,Activity therapy - Correct Answers -uses things the resident enjoys to prevent boredom
and frustration
Ecological Model - Correct Answers -a model that represents or describes the
relationships between the components of an ecological system
Long term care - Correct Answers -provide medical, nursing, dietary, recreation,
rehabilitative and social services for residents. Maybe permanent or temporary.
custodial model - Correct Answers -This emphasizes security, discipline, and order. To
do with incarceration.
therapeutic milieu - Correct Answers -An environment that provides client the
opportunity to interact with staff and other clients. It gives the client the opportunity to
practice interpersonal skills, provide feedback to peers about behavior, and work
together to develop problem-solving skills.
medical model - Correct Answers -the concept that diseases have physical causes that
can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured. When applied to psychological
disorders, *this* assumes that these mental illnesses can be diagnosed on the basis of
their symptoms and cured through therapy, which may include treatment in a psychiatric
hospital.
human service model - Correct Answers -A treatment approch that utilizes problems
solving to work with clients and their problems within the context of the environment.
leisure - Correct Answers -freedom to choose a pastime or enjoyable activity
attribution model - Correct Answers -A person's explanation of the course of events that
occurred in their life. External and internal.
learned helplessness - Correct Answers -condition in which repeated attempts to control
a situation fail, resulting in the belief that the situation is uncontrollable
perceived freedom - Correct Answers -feeling free to participate in an activity without a
nagging sense that you have to or that you should be doing something else
intrinsic motivation - Correct Answers -A desire to perform a behavior for its own sake
extrinsic motivation - Correct Answers -a desire to perform a behavior due to promised
rewards or threats of punishment
internal locus of control - Correct Answers -the perception that one controls one's own
fate
,external locus of control - Correct Answers -the perception that chance or outside forces
beyond one's personal control determine one's fate
play - Correct Answers -spontaneous
psycho analytic - Correct Answers -freud: superego and guilt, today: induction empathy
based guilt: ok to feel a bit of guilt but not too much/ with superego, fear of guilt, keeps
us in check fear of punishment, fear of losing love of parents
5-6 yo moral development done
catharsis theory - Correct Answers -the idea that viewing violence actually reduces
violent behavior
diversional play - Correct Answers -child's activities have no purpose, indicating
boredom
compensation theory - Correct Answers -leisure is used to *make up for* needs
unfulfilled by work.
surplus energy - Correct Answers -The idea that children play to displace energy that is
usually used for survival is what
flow theory - Correct Answers -high skill + high challenge.
high skill + medium challenge = control (most activities we do)
intrinsic motivation, being in the zone
self-actualization - Correct Answers -according to Maslow, the ultimate psychological
need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem
is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential
maslow hierarchy of needs - Correct Answers -theory of motivation based on unmet
human needs from basic physiological needs to safety, social, and esteem needs to
self-actualization needs
legally blind - Correct Answers -20/200
hearing loss - Correct Answers -deafness is when a person cannot understand speech
from hearing alone. ranges from mild to severe, symptoms include speaking too loudly,
leaning forwards to hear, cupping hand or turning head, inappropriate responses,
asking for repeating words - Nervous system disorder
stroke - Correct Answers -a sudden loss of consciousness resulting when the rupture or
occlusion of a blood vessel leads to oxygen lack in the brain
, signs of stroke - Correct Answers -severe HA, slurred speech, weakness or paralysis,
change in cranial nerves, confusion or disorientation, dizziness or ataxia
autism - Correct Answers -a disorder that appears in childhood and is marked by
deficient communication, social interaction, and understanding of others' states of mind
anxiety - Correct Answers -An emotional state of high energy, with the stress response
as the body's reaction to it.
AXIS I - Correct Answers -All clinical disorders EXCEPT personality disorders and
mental retardation
AXIS II - Correct Answers -personality disorders and mental retardation
paranoid - Correct Answers -a type of schizophrenia characterized by prominent
delusions that are persecutory or grandiose
passive-aggressive - Correct Answers -an indirect expression of aggression delievered
in a way that allows the sender to maintain a facade of kindness
phobia - Correct Answers -an anxiety disorder characterized by extreme and irrational
fear of simple things or social situations
anti-social - Correct Answers -a personality disorder where the person has no respect
for laws or the rights of other human beings
borderline - Correct Answers -cluster B personality disorder: In a constant state of crisis,
promiscuous, unable to tolerate anxiety-causing situations, afraid of being alone, and
having intense but brief relationships
post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - Correct Answers -Phenomenon in which
victums of catastrophes experience again the original event in the form of dreams or
flash backs.
depression - Correct Answers -a condition of general emotional dejection and
withdrawal; sadness greater and more prolonged than that warranted by any objective
reason.
manic - Correct Answers -affected with or marked by frenzy or mania uncontrolled by
reason
mania - Correct Answers -a mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic
state
