Assignment 3: Reliability and Validity in
Research Instruments
Score: 92.31 out of 100 -(correct answer) A researcher develops a new instrument to measure
coping skills and conducts a pilot study to compare the new tool with an existing tool that
measures this concept. -(correct answer)Convergent validity A researcher performs a series of
pilot studies to evaluate whether a measurement tool produces consistent results. -(correct
answer)Reliability A researcher develops a 7-point Likert scale to evaluate feelings of
well-being in patients who are undergoing chemotherapy. The researcher administers this
measure to other, similar patients in other medical centers. -(correct answer)Reliability In a
research study, ambulatory clinic nurses teach children with asthma how to monitor peak
expiratory flow volumes and how to use metered-dose inhalers to determine whether asthma
control scores improve. The researcher discovers inconsistencies in how these measures
were taught and how well the children understood the concepts. -(correct answer)Intervention
fidelity A researcher reviews demographic characteristics of potential study subjects, such as
age and gender, to determine whether these characteristics may influence the outcome of the
study. -(correct answer)Internal validity A researcher conducts a quasi-experimental study to
determine whether there is improved weight gain among premature infants who are fed
according to cue-based protocols. The researcher trained neonatal intensive care nurses to
apply cue-based feeding to orally fed infants and notes a statistical difference in weight gain
between infants fed according to cue-based protocols and those fed according to standard
protocols. The reviewer notes that parents who gave consent to participate in the study were
from a higher socioeconomic class than the population as a whole. This is a threat to: -(correct
answer)External validity A researcher uses only one method of measurement to assess
depression in older adults living in an assisted living facility. -(correct answer)Mono-operation
bias In a pilot study to help train a group of data collectors who will evaluate children's pain
using a FACES rating scale, the researcher examines the reliability of the scores of each data
collector. -(correct answer)Interrater reliability A researcher evaluates scores of a paper and
pencil instrument with variables at the interval level of data using the Cronbach's alpha
coefficient statistical procedure. -(correct answer)Internal Consistency reliability A researcher
evaluates whether a tool addresses the major elements of the construct being studied.
-(correct answer)Content validity A researcher develops a new instrument to measure coping
skills and conducts a pilot study to compare the new tool with an existing tool that measures
this concept. -(correct answer)Convergent validity A researcher administers a scale measuring
self-confidence and one measuring self-doubt to a group of subjects and performs a
correlational analysis of the results. -(correct answer)Divergent validity Degree to which the
study results can be applied to the larger population -(correct answer)External validity
Research Instruments
Score: 92.31 out of 100 -(correct answer) A researcher develops a new instrument to measure
coping skills and conducts a pilot study to compare the new tool with an existing tool that
measures this concept. -(correct answer)Convergent validity A researcher performs a series of
pilot studies to evaluate whether a measurement tool produces consistent results. -(correct
answer)Reliability A researcher develops a 7-point Likert scale to evaluate feelings of
well-being in patients who are undergoing chemotherapy. The researcher administers this
measure to other, similar patients in other medical centers. -(correct answer)Reliability In a
research study, ambulatory clinic nurses teach children with asthma how to monitor peak
expiratory flow volumes and how to use metered-dose inhalers to determine whether asthma
control scores improve. The researcher discovers inconsistencies in how these measures
were taught and how well the children understood the concepts. -(correct answer)Intervention
fidelity A researcher reviews demographic characteristics of potential study subjects, such as
age and gender, to determine whether these characteristics may influence the outcome of the
study. -(correct answer)Internal validity A researcher conducts a quasi-experimental study to
determine whether there is improved weight gain among premature infants who are fed
according to cue-based protocols. The researcher trained neonatal intensive care nurses to
apply cue-based feeding to orally fed infants and notes a statistical difference in weight gain
between infants fed according to cue-based protocols and those fed according to standard
protocols. The reviewer notes that parents who gave consent to participate in the study were
from a higher socioeconomic class than the population as a whole. This is a threat to: -(correct
answer)External validity A researcher uses only one method of measurement to assess
depression in older adults living in an assisted living facility. -(correct answer)Mono-operation
bias In a pilot study to help train a group of data collectors who will evaluate children's pain
using a FACES rating scale, the researcher examines the reliability of the scores of each data
collector. -(correct answer)Interrater reliability A researcher evaluates scores of a paper and
pencil instrument with variables at the interval level of data using the Cronbach's alpha
coefficient statistical procedure. -(correct answer)Internal Consistency reliability A researcher
evaluates whether a tool addresses the major elements of the construct being studied.
-(correct answer)Content validity A researcher develops a new instrument to measure coping
skills and conducts a pilot study to compare the new tool with an existing tool that measures
this concept. -(correct answer)Convergent validity A researcher administers a scale measuring
self-confidence and one measuring self-doubt to a group of subjects and performs a
correlational analysis of the results. -(correct answer)Divergent validity Degree to which the
study results can be applied to the larger population -(correct answer)External validity
