NSG 250 Final Questions With Complete
Solutions
Vancomycin (Vancocin)
potent anti-infective med given IV or PO to treat
severe or life-threatening
infections
- isk for ototoxicity so we must monitor the
patient’s hearing and balance
- IV, we use a pump and infuse it slowly to avoid
hypotension (red man/red neck syndrome)
- assess kidney function closely due to the risk of
nephrotoxicity
- draw a peak level 30 minutes after the drug
infusion has finished
– draw a trough level 30 minutes before the
next dose is due
flurorquinolones
antimicrobials used for respiratory, GI, GU, skin and
soft tissue infections
- can be taken with food, but should NOT be taken
with vitamins/minerals
,- potential cartilage /tendon damage, those under
18 years old should not receive these drugs
- no longer the first choice for the treatment of
uncomplicated UTIs due the cartilage/tendon
effects
levofloxacin
ciprofloxacin
tetracycline
may be given for Lyme disease, acne, and
Chlamydia
- do not administer this to children under eight
years of age
- may stain the teeth
- give this drug with a full glass of water and a
straw
- The patient should not take this with dairy, iron,
or antacids; we make sure to
separate them by two hours
adverse effects of fluoroquinolones
n/v, diarrhea, photosensitivity, increased risk of C.
diff, yeast vaginitis, and tendon rupture
rifampin
first-line drug to treat active
TB, part of the RIPES treatment
- Therapy with this drug may continue for 6-12
,months or longer
- not be given to a patient with active liver disease
- may cause liver damage, so we must monitor the
liver and LFTs throughout treatment
- SE: discoloration of bodily fluids, such as tears
and urine, to a red-orange tint
isoniazid (INH)
first-line drug to treat active TB, part of the RIPES
- may continue for 6-12 months or longer
- not be given to a patient with active liver disease
- must monitor the liver and LFTs throughout tx
- give with vitamin B6 to prevent peripheral
neuropathy
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
antiviral drug is used to treat herpes-related
infections, including chickenpox and shingles
- SE:seizures, renal failure, SJS
- must carefully monitor neuro status, kidney
function tests, and skin for the
patient taking this medication
Allergy and cross-reactivity/sensitivity
- must double check each med class
- if the patient is allergic to one drug in a med
class, he/she may be allergic /sensitive to others in
the med class
- Antibiotics are especially known for this effect
, Anti-helminthic
treat pinworms, roundworms, flukes, or tapeworms
- albendazole (Albenza), mebendazole
(Vermox), and
pyrantel (Antiminth)
- Length of treatment time with these meds
depends on the type of worm and the
response to treatment; repeat treatments may be
necessary
- Treatment is recommended for the patient, but
also for members of the household and close
contacts
- GI side effects are common
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
anti-infective medication is especially used for the
treatment of abdominal/
colorectal infections; it is also approved for the
treatment of rosacea
- oral, topical, and IV forms
- IV, it may cause meningitis and encephalopathy,
so monitor the patient's neuro status closely
- may cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome, so assess
for rash
- should avoid alcohol
when taking this drug
Solutions
Vancomycin (Vancocin)
potent anti-infective med given IV or PO to treat
severe or life-threatening
infections
- isk for ototoxicity so we must monitor the
patient’s hearing and balance
- IV, we use a pump and infuse it slowly to avoid
hypotension (red man/red neck syndrome)
- assess kidney function closely due to the risk of
nephrotoxicity
- draw a peak level 30 minutes after the drug
infusion has finished
– draw a trough level 30 minutes before the
next dose is due
flurorquinolones
antimicrobials used for respiratory, GI, GU, skin and
soft tissue infections
- can be taken with food, but should NOT be taken
with vitamins/minerals
,- potential cartilage /tendon damage, those under
18 years old should not receive these drugs
- no longer the first choice for the treatment of
uncomplicated UTIs due the cartilage/tendon
effects
levofloxacin
ciprofloxacin
tetracycline
may be given for Lyme disease, acne, and
Chlamydia
- do not administer this to children under eight
years of age
- may stain the teeth
- give this drug with a full glass of water and a
straw
- The patient should not take this with dairy, iron,
or antacids; we make sure to
separate them by two hours
adverse effects of fluoroquinolones
n/v, diarrhea, photosensitivity, increased risk of C.
diff, yeast vaginitis, and tendon rupture
rifampin
first-line drug to treat active
TB, part of the RIPES treatment
- Therapy with this drug may continue for 6-12
,months or longer
- not be given to a patient with active liver disease
- may cause liver damage, so we must monitor the
liver and LFTs throughout treatment
- SE: discoloration of bodily fluids, such as tears
and urine, to a red-orange tint
isoniazid (INH)
first-line drug to treat active TB, part of the RIPES
- may continue for 6-12 months or longer
- not be given to a patient with active liver disease
- must monitor the liver and LFTs throughout tx
- give with vitamin B6 to prevent peripheral
neuropathy
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
antiviral drug is used to treat herpes-related
infections, including chickenpox and shingles
- SE:seizures, renal failure, SJS
- must carefully monitor neuro status, kidney
function tests, and skin for the
patient taking this medication
Allergy and cross-reactivity/sensitivity
- must double check each med class
- if the patient is allergic to one drug in a med
class, he/she may be allergic /sensitive to others in
the med class
- Antibiotics are especially known for this effect
, Anti-helminthic
treat pinworms, roundworms, flukes, or tapeworms
- albendazole (Albenza), mebendazole
(Vermox), and
pyrantel (Antiminth)
- Length of treatment time with these meds
depends on the type of worm and the
response to treatment; repeat treatments may be
necessary
- Treatment is recommended for the patient, but
also for members of the household and close
contacts
- GI side effects are common
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
anti-infective medication is especially used for the
treatment of abdominal/
colorectal infections; it is also approved for the
treatment of rosacea
- oral, topical, and IV forms
- IV, it may cause meningitis and encephalopathy,
so monitor the patient's neuro status closely
- may cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome, so assess
for rash
- should avoid alcohol
when taking this drug
