NU-404 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Ethics:1-2 (know the ethical principles and be able to recognize/apply to clinical
situations) - ANS-beneficence: who benefits from action
-autonomy: patients rights to make decisions
-justice: who will be vulnerable, all clients fairly and equal treatment
-fidelity: nurse is responsible for commitments for others and self
-nonmaleficence: do no harm
-veracity: to tell the truth
-confidentiality: information is not shared beyond who needs to know
Upper airway problem in the child = 2 (know medication for Upper Airway
Obstruction/stridor/croup - ANS-upper airway:
-stridor: racemic epi
-croup: dexathmethasone
what are nursing interventions for upper airway in kids - ANS-have suctioning available
-oxygen
-nose breathers
-towel behind neck
what is the interpretation for the TB test - ANS- 5mm: HIV positive, recents contact with
an active TB, nodular or fibrotic changes on xray, organ transplant
-10 mm: positive if from country with high levels, IV drug use, resident/employee of high
risk, comorbid conditions, children less than 4
-15mm: positive for people with no risk factors for TB
what are the side effects for isoniazid: - ANS-eat on empty stomach
-monitor for hepatotoxicity
-vitamin b6 - to prevent neurotoxicity
what are the side effects for rifampin - ANS-change urine to being orange
-interfere with oral contraceptives
-monitor liver function tests
what are the side effects for pyrazinamide - ANS-monitor liver function tests
-potentially cause worsen to gout and kidney problems
-avoid alcohol
what is patient teaching for someone with TB - ANS-isolate yourself
-test all family at home
,-need 3 negative sputum cultures - get those every 3 weeks
-in isolation for 30 days
-wear a mask if needing to leave house
-take medication
-put tissues in plastic bag to prevent spread
Carbon monoxide poisoning qs = 1 (clinical symptoms/vital signs/physical exam findings
& know what the best method is to monitor these patients) - ANS-get an ABG
-replaced oxygen, will not show up on pulse ox
-cannot spell it
-silent killer
Beta Adrenergic agonist and their effect on the respiratory system =1 - ANSrelax
muscles of airway
-albuterol
Arterial blood gas interpretation for DKA, chronic and acute respiratory failure (2-3
questions) - ANS-DKA: metabolic acidosis, ketone breath, ph is low and bicarb is also
low
-Chronic respiratory failure: respiratory acidosis
-Acute respiratory failure: respiratory acidosis
Diabetes including DKA = 4 (including lab values in DKA) - ANS-elevated BUN and
creatinine
-decreased liver function
-high potassium: will drop when given insulin
-DKA is in type 1
-HHS is in type 2
-HHS is much higher glucose than DKA
-type 1: does not produce any insulin
-type 2: insulin resistant
Asthma = 2 (understand the medications for asthma exacerbation; understand how
peak expiratory flow is utilized in asthma—what is its purpose) - ANS-Albuterol: for
asthma exacerbation, can give nebulized
-corticosteroid: methylprednisolone
-peak inspiratory flow: helps to understand how well your asthma is controlled- 80%-
100% shows it is under control
What is ESI triaging - ANS-level 1: resuscitation
-level 2: emergent
-level 3: urgent
-level 4: semi urgent
-level 5: non urgent
-what resources does the patient need
-ABC
, what are complications of trauma - ANS-shock
-neuro damage
-dehydration
-loss of blood
-death
-injury
-pain
-PTSD
-need to do a prompt assessment
-control bleeding
-airway compromise
what is the trauma triad of death - ANScoagulopathy
lactic acidosis
metabolic acidosis
-decrease myocardial performance
-hypothermia, halt coagulation cascade
what is the ABCDE priority framework - ANS-airway, breathing, circulation, disability,
exposure
what is color triaging - ANS-red: critical injured, circulatory problem, cap refill is delayed,
potential survival, if treatment is delayed may die
-yellow: injured and needs medical attention, will not die if treatment delayed, can follow
simple commands
-green: ambulatory people, can walk and get somewhere, not critical, could be in shock
-black: death is imminent or already happened, if you open their airway and do not start
breathing then this color, GCS of 3
what are the disaster phases - ANS1. mitigation: decrease occurrence of events or
effects if event does happen
2. preparedness: what exactly will the plan be? ability to respond
3. response: emergency assistance for people
4. recovery: activities are directed at restoring
Palliative Care & End of Life = 1-2 (understand nursing interventions and expected
signs/symptoms in end-of-life stages of progression) - ANS-sx management rather than
trying to cure
-profound weakness
-metabolism is reduced
-guant and pale
EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Ethics:1-2 (know the ethical principles and be able to recognize/apply to clinical
situations) - ANS-beneficence: who benefits from action
-autonomy: patients rights to make decisions
-justice: who will be vulnerable, all clients fairly and equal treatment
-fidelity: nurse is responsible for commitments for others and self
-nonmaleficence: do no harm
-veracity: to tell the truth
-confidentiality: information is not shared beyond who needs to know
Upper airway problem in the child = 2 (know medication for Upper Airway
Obstruction/stridor/croup - ANS-upper airway:
-stridor: racemic epi
-croup: dexathmethasone
what are nursing interventions for upper airway in kids - ANS-have suctioning available
-oxygen
-nose breathers
-towel behind neck
what is the interpretation for the TB test - ANS- 5mm: HIV positive, recents contact with
an active TB, nodular or fibrotic changes on xray, organ transplant
-10 mm: positive if from country with high levels, IV drug use, resident/employee of high
risk, comorbid conditions, children less than 4
-15mm: positive for people with no risk factors for TB
what are the side effects for isoniazid: - ANS-eat on empty stomach
-monitor for hepatotoxicity
-vitamin b6 - to prevent neurotoxicity
what are the side effects for rifampin - ANS-change urine to being orange
-interfere with oral contraceptives
-monitor liver function tests
what are the side effects for pyrazinamide - ANS-monitor liver function tests
-potentially cause worsen to gout and kidney problems
-avoid alcohol
what is patient teaching for someone with TB - ANS-isolate yourself
-test all family at home
,-need 3 negative sputum cultures - get those every 3 weeks
-in isolation for 30 days
-wear a mask if needing to leave house
-take medication
-put tissues in plastic bag to prevent spread
Carbon monoxide poisoning qs = 1 (clinical symptoms/vital signs/physical exam findings
& know what the best method is to monitor these patients) - ANS-get an ABG
-replaced oxygen, will not show up on pulse ox
-cannot spell it
-silent killer
Beta Adrenergic agonist and their effect on the respiratory system =1 - ANSrelax
muscles of airway
-albuterol
Arterial blood gas interpretation for DKA, chronic and acute respiratory failure (2-3
questions) - ANS-DKA: metabolic acidosis, ketone breath, ph is low and bicarb is also
low
-Chronic respiratory failure: respiratory acidosis
-Acute respiratory failure: respiratory acidosis
Diabetes including DKA = 4 (including lab values in DKA) - ANS-elevated BUN and
creatinine
-decreased liver function
-high potassium: will drop when given insulin
-DKA is in type 1
-HHS is in type 2
-HHS is much higher glucose than DKA
-type 1: does not produce any insulin
-type 2: insulin resistant
Asthma = 2 (understand the medications for asthma exacerbation; understand how
peak expiratory flow is utilized in asthma—what is its purpose) - ANS-Albuterol: for
asthma exacerbation, can give nebulized
-corticosteroid: methylprednisolone
-peak inspiratory flow: helps to understand how well your asthma is controlled- 80%-
100% shows it is under control
What is ESI triaging - ANS-level 1: resuscitation
-level 2: emergent
-level 3: urgent
-level 4: semi urgent
-level 5: non urgent
-what resources does the patient need
-ABC
, what are complications of trauma - ANS-shock
-neuro damage
-dehydration
-loss of blood
-death
-injury
-pain
-PTSD
-need to do a prompt assessment
-control bleeding
-airway compromise
what is the trauma triad of death - ANScoagulopathy
lactic acidosis
metabolic acidosis
-decrease myocardial performance
-hypothermia, halt coagulation cascade
what is the ABCDE priority framework - ANS-airway, breathing, circulation, disability,
exposure
what is color triaging - ANS-red: critical injured, circulatory problem, cap refill is delayed,
potential survival, if treatment is delayed may die
-yellow: injured and needs medical attention, will not die if treatment delayed, can follow
simple commands
-green: ambulatory people, can walk and get somewhere, not critical, could be in shock
-black: death is imminent or already happened, if you open their airway and do not start
breathing then this color, GCS of 3
what are the disaster phases - ANS1. mitigation: decrease occurrence of events or
effects if event does happen
2. preparedness: what exactly will the plan be? ability to respond
3. response: emergency assistance for people
4. recovery: activities are directed at restoring
Palliative Care & End of Life = 1-2 (understand nursing interventions and expected
signs/symptoms in end-of-life stages of progression) - ANS-sx management rather than
trying to cure
-profound weakness
-metabolism is reduced
-guant and pale
