FSE2061 Thanatology Final Study Guide 2025

Barriers to Effective Communication (6): - Correct Ans-1. Funeral Director *Dominance* 2. Bombarding with Questions 3. Inappropriate Self-Disclosure 4. Offering *Platitudes* or False Reassurance 5. *Discouraging* the Expression of Emotions and *Tears* 6. Emotional Distancing Who is credited with the 4 Tasks of Mourning? - Correct Ans-Worden (4) Tasks of Mourning: - Correct Ans-(*Worden*) - To accept the reality of the loss. - *To work through to the pain of grief*. - *To adjust to an environment in which the deceased is missing*. - *To emotionally relocate the deceased and move on with life*. Who is credited with development of the 6 Mourning Reconciliation Needs? - Correct Ans-Wolfelt Mourning Reconciliation Needs: - Correct Ans-(*Wolfelt*) 1. Embrace the pain of the loss 2. Remember the deceased 3. Search for meaning Mediators of Mourning (factors that influence the grief process): - Correct Ans-1. *Who the person is who died* 2. *The Nature of the Attachment* 3. *How the person Died* 4. Historical Antecedents 5. *Personality Variables* 6. *Social Variables* 7. Concurrent Stresses 8. Coping with Extraneous Stresses *Mediators of Mourning (Example)*: The death of a spouse. - Correct Ans-Who the person is who died. *Mediators of Mourning (Example)*: A daughter whose abusive father dies. - Correct Ans-Nature of the attachment. *Mediators of Mourning (Example)*: When faced with grief, a person tends to experience great anxiety. - Correct Ans-Personality variables *Mediators of Mourning (Example)*: The grief experienced by a widow who moved to Florida 6 months before her husbands death and has no family to go with her to the funeral home. - Correct Ans-Social variables *Mediators of Mourning (Example)*: Grief experienced among 2 life long friends who grew up together, went to college together, served in the military together and were best men in each others wedding. - Correct Ans-Nature of the attachment. *Mediators of Mourning (Example)*: Grief experienced when a loved one commits suicide. - Correct Ans-How the person died. (Mode of death) *Mediators of Mourning (Example)*: Grief experienced by a family who has strong ties within a religious support structure. - Correct Ans-Social variables *Mediators of Mourning (Example)*: Grief experienced when a family of 4 are killed in an automobile accident. - Correct Ans-How the person died. (Mode of death) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: - Correct Ans-1. Physiological Needs 2. Safety Needs 3. Love and Belongingness Needs 4. Esteem Needs 5. Self Actualization Needs (3) Stages of Grief: - Correct Ans-(*Lindemann*) 1- Accepting the loss as a definite fact. 2- Adjusting to life without the deceased/ adjusting to the environment in which the deceased is no longer living. 3- Forming new relationships in the world. Who is credited with the (3) Stages of Grief/Grief Syndrome, and the (5) Characteristics of Grief? - Correct Ans-Lindemann Lindemann's 5 *characteristics* of grief: - Correct Ans-- *Somatic (bodily) distress of some type.* - Preoccupation with the image of the deceased. - Guilt relating to the deceased or circumstances of the death. - Hostile reactions. - Inability to function as one had before the loss. Who was credited with the attachment theory? - Correct Ans-Bowlby Attachment Theory: - Correct Ans-(*Bowlby*) The tendency to make strong affectional bonds with others *coming from the need for security and safety*. (4) Phases of Grief: - Correct Ans-(*Bowlby*) *Shock and numbness*- Family members find it difficult to believe the death; they feel stunned and numb. *Yearning and searching*- Survivors experience separation anxiety and cannot accept the reality of the loss. They try to find and bring back the lost person and feel ongoing frustration and disappointment when this is not possible. *Disorganization and despair*- Family members feel depressed and find it difficult to plan for the future. They are easily distracted and have difficulty concentrating and focusing. *Reorganization* & Recovery- Your faith in life starts to be restored. You establish new goals and patterns of day-to-day life. Slowly you start to rebuild and you come to realize that your life can still be positive, even after the loss. (5) Stages of Grief: - Correct Ans-(*Kubler-Ross*) Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance (*DABDA*) (4) Stages of burnout: - Correct Ans-1. Physical, Mental and Emotional Exhaustion 2. Shame and Doubt 3. Cynicism and Callousness 4. Failure, Helplessness and Crisis When making arrangements with families of suicide victims.. - Correct Ans-It is important for funeral director to understand the *socially unspeakable attitude of suicide*.