FINAL BIO 111 ECPI EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+)
active transport - ANSWER-Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell
membrane against a concentration difference
Passive Transport (Diffusion) - ANSWER-A process that requires no energy to move
molecules down their concentration gradient(from high to low concentration)
Gene - ANSWER-A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
Genome - ANSWER-the complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or
organism
Parts of a cell - ANSWER-Cell membrane, cell wall, centriole, chloroplasts, chromatin,
cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, flagella, golgi complex/apparatus, lysosome,
mitochondria, nucleolus, nucleus, ribosomes, vacuole
cell membrane - ANSWER-the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of
a cell. contains mostly lipids and protiens
Nucleus - ANSWER-A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for
growth and reproduction
Golgi apparatus - ANSWER-Packages proteins for transport out of the cell
Mitochondria - ANSWER-Powerhouse of the cell (ATP)
Lysosomes - ANSWER-Uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts
Flagella - ANSWER-whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement
DNA - ANSWER-A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up
the chromosomes.
Mitosis - ANSWER-the division of the nucleus of a cell
Mitosis steps - ANSWER-prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
1st degree burn - ANSWER-only epidermis is damaged; redness, swelling, and pain
2nd degree burn - ANSWER-epidermis and part of dermis (blistered)
, 3rd degree burn - ANSWER-charring of the skin, all layers damanged
type 1 diabetes - ANSWER-the body doesn't produce insulin, the patient is dependent
on insulin for survival
type 2 diabetes - ANSWER-- Insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency with
progressively lower insulin secretion over time
- Can be managed with lifestyle modificaitons, oral medicaitons, and/or injections
including insulin
- Strongly associated with obesity, physical inactivity and family history of diabetes
thyroid hormones - ANSWER-T3, T4, calcitonin
Thymus - ANSWER-thymosin
hinge joint - ANSWER-uniaxial, flexion and extension
ex: elbow
saddle joint - ANSWER-Biaxial: flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction
ex: thumb joint
Gomphosis - ANSWER-attachment of a tooth to its socket
pivot joint example - ANSWER-ex:atlas and axis
rotation
PNS (peripheral nervous system) - ANSWER-consists of all the nerves that transmit
information to and from the CNS
CNS (central nervous system) - ANSWER-consists of the brain and spinal cord
Cell membranes structure - ANSWER-cholesterol, Membrane proteins (integral &
peripheral), Carbohydrates
Tendons - ANSWER-attach muscle to bone
Ligaments - ANSWER-attach bone to bone
adrenal cortex hormones - ANSWER-aldosterone, cortisol, androgens
adrenal medulla hormones - ANSWER-epinephrine and norepinephrine
Pancreas hormones - ANSWER-insulin and glucagon
anterior pituitary hormones - ANSWER-Growth hormone (GH)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+)
active transport - ANSWER-Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell
membrane against a concentration difference
Passive Transport (Diffusion) - ANSWER-A process that requires no energy to move
molecules down their concentration gradient(from high to low concentration)
Gene - ANSWER-A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait
Genome - ANSWER-the complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or
organism
Parts of a cell - ANSWER-Cell membrane, cell wall, centriole, chloroplasts, chromatin,
cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, flagella, golgi complex/apparatus, lysosome,
mitochondria, nucleolus, nucleus, ribosomes, vacuole
cell membrane - ANSWER-the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of
a cell. contains mostly lipids and protiens
Nucleus - ANSWER-A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for
growth and reproduction
Golgi apparatus - ANSWER-Packages proteins for transport out of the cell
Mitochondria - ANSWER-Powerhouse of the cell (ATP)
Lysosomes - ANSWER-Uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts
Flagella - ANSWER-whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement
DNA - ANSWER-A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up
the chromosomes.
Mitosis - ANSWER-the division of the nucleus of a cell
Mitosis steps - ANSWER-prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
1st degree burn - ANSWER-only epidermis is damaged; redness, swelling, and pain
2nd degree burn - ANSWER-epidermis and part of dermis (blistered)
, 3rd degree burn - ANSWER-charring of the skin, all layers damanged
type 1 diabetes - ANSWER-the body doesn't produce insulin, the patient is dependent
on insulin for survival
type 2 diabetes - ANSWER-- Insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency with
progressively lower insulin secretion over time
- Can be managed with lifestyle modificaitons, oral medicaitons, and/or injections
including insulin
- Strongly associated with obesity, physical inactivity and family history of diabetes
thyroid hormones - ANSWER-T3, T4, calcitonin
Thymus - ANSWER-thymosin
hinge joint - ANSWER-uniaxial, flexion and extension
ex: elbow
saddle joint - ANSWER-Biaxial: flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction
ex: thumb joint
Gomphosis - ANSWER-attachment of a tooth to its socket
pivot joint example - ANSWER-ex:atlas and axis
rotation
PNS (peripheral nervous system) - ANSWER-consists of all the nerves that transmit
information to and from the CNS
CNS (central nervous system) - ANSWER-consists of the brain and spinal cord
Cell membranes structure - ANSWER-cholesterol, Membrane proteins (integral &
peripheral), Carbohydrates
Tendons - ANSWER-attach muscle to bone
Ligaments - ANSWER-attach bone to bone
adrenal cortex hormones - ANSWER-aldosterone, cortisol, androgens
adrenal medulla hormones - ANSWER-epinephrine and norepinephrine
Pancreas hormones - ANSWER-insulin and glucagon
anterior pituitary hormones - ANSWER-Growth hormone (GH)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
