CSEP-CPT Theory Exam with verified
answers graded A+ already passed
Define the sagittal plane. What movements occur within this plane? - correct
answer ✔✔- Divides the body along the midline into left and right halves
- flexion/extension
Define the frontal plane. What movement occurs within this plane? - correct
answer ✔✔- Separates the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions
- abduction/adduction & side flexion
Define the transverse plane. What movement occurs within this plane? - correct
answer ✔✔- Separates the body into superior (toward the head/upper body) and
inferior (away from the head) portions
- internal/external rotation & horizontal flexion/extension & supination/pronation
Define supination - correct answer ✔✔Lying face up
Define pronation - correct answer ✔✔Lying face down
Functions of skeletal system - correct answer ✔✔- provide form, structure and
movement of body
,- protection of internal organs
- attachment point for muscles
- RBC's produced in bone marrow
- warehouse for calcium, iron, and energy (fat)
How many bones in skeletal system? - correct answer ✔✔206
What is the axial and appendicular skeleton? - correct answer ✔✔Axial Skeleton:
runs along body's midline axis (skull, ribs, vertebral column)
Appendicular Skeleton: the limbs, pelvic girdle, and shoulder girdle
What are the 5 classifications of bones? What are some characteristics of each? -
correct answer ✔✔1) Long Bones
- grow the most throughout life; hollow medullary cavity for bone marrow
2) Short Bones
- as long as they are wide (ie. carpal bones in wrist)
3) Flat Bones
- very thin in one direction, no medullary cavity (ie. skull bones, hip bones)
4) Irregular Bones
- no regular shape (ie. vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx)
5) Sesamoid Bones
- formed after birth inside tendons; help protect from strains at the joint (ie.
patella)
,Types of joints and their characteristics: - correct answer ✔✔1) Synovial Joints:
- most common, have a fluid-filled gap between bones allowing for free ROM &
lubrication
2) Fibrous Joints:
- where bones are very tightly joined; little to no movement (ie. teeth into sockets)
3) Cartilaginous Joints:
- where two bones meet cartilage; provide small flexibility due to gel-like cartilage
How many muscles are there in the human body? - correct answer ✔✔~700
named
What are the three types of muscle? Are the voluntary or involuntary? - correct
answer ✔✔- smooth and cardiac muscle: involuntary
- skeletal muscle: voluntary
What is the sarcolemma? What is it's function? - correct answer ✔✔- the cell
membrane of a muscle fibre
- conducts electrochemical signals that stimulate muscle cells
What is the function of transverse tubules (T-tubules)? - correct answer ✔✔Help
carry electrochemical signals into the middle of the muscle fiber
, What are myofibrils? What are they made up of? - correct answer ✔✔The
contractile structures of a muscle fiber
- made up of protein fibers arranged into sarcomeres (functional unit of a muscle
fiber)
What are thick and thin filaments composed of? - correct answer ✔✔Thick:
bonded units of myosin protein
Thin: three proteins - actin, tropomyosin, and troponin
What is the Sliding Filament Model? - correct answer ✔✔Actin filaments interact
with myosin filaments appearing to "slide" over each other - results in shortening
of sarcomere and hence contraction of the muscle fiber
What is a motor unit? - correct answer ✔✔A single motor neuron and the muscle
fibers it innervates
- the less muscle fibers a motor neuron innervates, the more fine motor control
that region has
Difference between ligaments and tendons? - correct answer ✔✔Ligaments:
fibrous connective tissue connecting bone to bone
Tendons: tough fibrous connective tissue connective muscle to bone
answers graded A+ already passed
Define the sagittal plane. What movements occur within this plane? - correct
answer ✔✔- Divides the body along the midline into left and right halves
- flexion/extension
Define the frontal plane. What movement occurs within this plane? - correct
answer ✔✔- Separates the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions
- abduction/adduction & side flexion
Define the transverse plane. What movement occurs within this plane? - correct
answer ✔✔- Separates the body into superior (toward the head/upper body) and
inferior (away from the head) portions
- internal/external rotation & horizontal flexion/extension & supination/pronation
Define supination - correct answer ✔✔Lying face up
Define pronation - correct answer ✔✔Lying face down
Functions of skeletal system - correct answer ✔✔- provide form, structure and
movement of body
,- protection of internal organs
- attachment point for muscles
- RBC's produced in bone marrow
- warehouse for calcium, iron, and energy (fat)
How many bones in skeletal system? - correct answer ✔✔206
What is the axial and appendicular skeleton? - correct answer ✔✔Axial Skeleton:
runs along body's midline axis (skull, ribs, vertebral column)
Appendicular Skeleton: the limbs, pelvic girdle, and shoulder girdle
What are the 5 classifications of bones? What are some characteristics of each? -
correct answer ✔✔1) Long Bones
- grow the most throughout life; hollow medullary cavity for bone marrow
2) Short Bones
- as long as they are wide (ie. carpal bones in wrist)
3) Flat Bones
- very thin in one direction, no medullary cavity (ie. skull bones, hip bones)
4) Irregular Bones
- no regular shape (ie. vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx)
5) Sesamoid Bones
- formed after birth inside tendons; help protect from strains at the joint (ie.
patella)
,Types of joints and their characteristics: - correct answer ✔✔1) Synovial Joints:
- most common, have a fluid-filled gap between bones allowing for free ROM &
lubrication
2) Fibrous Joints:
- where bones are very tightly joined; little to no movement (ie. teeth into sockets)
3) Cartilaginous Joints:
- where two bones meet cartilage; provide small flexibility due to gel-like cartilage
How many muscles are there in the human body? - correct answer ✔✔~700
named
What are the three types of muscle? Are the voluntary or involuntary? - correct
answer ✔✔- smooth and cardiac muscle: involuntary
- skeletal muscle: voluntary
What is the sarcolemma? What is it's function? - correct answer ✔✔- the cell
membrane of a muscle fibre
- conducts electrochemical signals that stimulate muscle cells
What is the function of transverse tubules (T-tubules)? - correct answer ✔✔Help
carry electrochemical signals into the middle of the muscle fiber
, What are myofibrils? What are they made up of? - correct answer ✔✔The
contractile structures of a muscle fiber
- made up of protein fibers arranged into sarcomeres (functional unit of a muscle
fiber)
What are thick and thin filaments composed of? - correct answer ✔✔Thick:
bonded units of myosin protein
Thin: three proteins - actin, tropomyosin, and troponin
What is the Sliding Filament Model? - correct answer ✔✔Actin filaments interact
with myosin filaments appearing to "slide" over each other - results in shortening
of sarcomere and hence contraction of the muscle fiber
What is a motor unit? - correct answer ✔✔A single motor neuron and the muscle
fibers it innervates
- the less muscle fibers a motor neuron innervates, the more fine motor control
that region has
Difference between ligaments and tendons? - correct answer ✔✔Ligaments:
fibrous connective tissue connecting bone to bone
Tendons: tough fibrous connective tissue connective muscle to bone
