NURS 1141 - EXAM 2 QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT OPTIONS
Hydrochlorothiazide ANSW✅✅Thiazide-type
Dose - 12.5/25/50 oral tablets/capsules (12.5-200mg)
Administer with food/milk
Plasma uric acid issues
May induce hyperglycemia in DM (adjust DM meds)
Metolazone (zaroxolyn) ANSW✅✅Thiazide-type diuretic
Dose 2.5/5/10mg (2.5-20mg)
Administer with food/milk
Plasma uric acid issues
May induce hyperglycemia in DM (adjust DM meds)
Spironolactone ANSW✅✅Potassium-sparing diuretic
Use - Relief of ascites, edema
Dose - 100mg daily, maint 25-200qd (up to 400)
Adverse Effects - Gynecomastia/ED
Interactions - ARB/ACE hyperkalemia
NSAIDS - inhibit diuretic effects
Triamterene ANSW✅✅Potassium-sparing diuretic
Used to reduce edema
Dose 100-300mg qd (max 300mg)
Blocks exchange of K+ for Na+ in distal tubule
Retains K+, excretes water/Na
Used to augment loops/thiazides
Can cause hyperkalemia *NO K+ SUPPLEMENTS!
ACE Inhibitors (-prils) ARBs (-artans), (-ones) = K+
, NSAIDs can counter, increase or d/c
Diuretics for hypertension ANSW✅✅Used for volume depletion
Thiazides good with good renal clearance (>30mL/min)
Loop diuretics when renal fails
Used in combination
Beta Blockers for hypertension ANSW✅✅Block beta response
Good, little side effects
Sudden d/c can cause cardiac symptoms
Watch for heart failure, bronchospasm/wheezing
Can mask signs of hypoglycemia
Cardiac issues with lidocaine, procain, digoxin
PG inhibitors may inhibit htn activity of bb
ACE Inhibitors for hypertension ANSW✅✅Inhibits ACE, decreasing angiotensin 2 (vasoconstrictor)
-prils
Useful when used with diuretics, less effective in AAs
Slows diabetic neuropathy
Good for s/p heart failure
*DO NOT USE WITH ARBs or renin inhibitors
*Chronic cough (bradykinin)
*Can cause fetal/neonatal harm
ARB agents for hypertension
(angiotensin 2 receptor blockers) ANSW✅✅Block angiotensin 2 receptor sites, preventing
vasoconstriction
No effect on renal function, cholesterol, sugar
-artans
Starts effect @1 week, full effect at 3-6 weeks
Can add HCTZ for effect
WITH CORRECT OPTIONS
Hydrochlorothiazide ANSW✅✅Thiazide-type
Dose - 12.5/25/50 oral tablets/capsules (12.5-200mg)
Administer with food/milk
Plasma uric acid issues
May induce hyperglycemia in DM (adjust DM meds)
Metolazone (zaroxolyn) ANSW✅✅Thiazide-type diuretic
Dose 2.5/5/10mg (2.5-20mg)
Administer with food/milk
Plasma uric acid issues
May induce hyperglycemia in DM (adjust DM meds)
Spironolactone ANSW✅✅Potassium-sparing diuretic
Use - Relief of ascites, edema
Dose - 100mg daily, maint 25-200qd (up to 400)
Adverse Effects - Gynecomastia/ED
Interactions - ARB/ACE hyperkalemia
NSAIDS - inhibit diuretic effects
Triamterene ANSW✅✅Potassium-sparing diuretic
Used to reduce edema
Dose 100-300mg qd (max 300mg)
Blocks exchange of K+ for Na+ in distal tubule
Retains K+, excretes water/Na
Used to augment loops/thiazides
Can cause hyperkalemia *NO K+ SUPPLEMENTS!
ACE Inhibitors (-prils) ARBs (-artans), (-ones) = K+
, NSAIDs can counter, increase or d/c
Diuretics for hypertension ANSW✅✅Used for volume depletion
Thiazides good with good renal clearance (>30mL/min)
Loop diuretics when renal fails
Used in combination
Beta Blockers for hypertension ANSW✅✅Block beta response
Good, little side effects
Sudden d/c can cause cardiac symptoms
Watch for heart failure, bronchospasm/wheezing
Can mask signs of hypoglycemia
Cardiac issues with lidocaine, procain, digoxin
PG inhibitors may inhibit htn activity of bb
ACE Inhibitors for hypertension ANSW✅✅Inhibits ACE, decreasing angiotensin 2 (vasoconstrictor)
-prils
Useful when used with diuretics, less effective in AAs
Slows diabetic neuropathy
Good for s/p heart failure
*DO NOT USE WITH ARBs or renin inhibitors
*Chronic cough (bradykinin)
*Can cause fetal/neonatal harm
ARB agents for hypertension
(angiotensin 2 receptor blockers) ANSW✅✅Block angiotensin 2 receptor sites, preventing
vasoconstriction
No effect on renal function, cholesterol, sugar
-artans
Starts effect @1 week, full effect at 3-6 weeks
Can add HCTZ for effect
