BIO 225 (Microbiology) CHAPTER OUTLINE
FOR DISORDERS IN IMMUNITY FROM
MICROBIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS A CLINICAL
APPROACH, COWAN SMITH GREENE VILLE
TECHNICAL COLLEGE
, Chapter 14: Disorders in Immunity
The Immune Response: A Two-Sided Coin
The human immune system is powerful and intricate, having the potential to
cause injury and disease.
Immunopathology: disease states caused by overactivity or underactivity of
the immune response
Hypersensitivity: state of overactivity, the tissues are innocent bystanders
attacked by immune components that can’t distinguish one’s own tissues
from foreign material
• Allergy and autoimmunity
Hyposensitivity or immunodeficiency: immune function is incompletely
developed, is suppressed, or has been destroyed
Type I Allergic Reactions: Atopy and Anaphylaxis
Allergy: exaggerated immune response that is manifested by inflammation
Allergens: antigens
2 Levels of Severity
• Atopy: chronic local allergy such as hay fever or asthma
• Anaphylaxis: systemic, sometimes fatal reaction that involves airway
obstruction and circulatory collapse
Who Is Affected?
Nearly half of the US population is affected by airborne allergens
Majority are mild; some are severe
May last a lifetime, some are “outgrown,” and others develop later in life
Generalized susceptibility is inherited
Why are they so common?
FOR DISORDERS IN IMMUNITY FROM
MICROBIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS A CLINICAL
APPROACH, COWAN SMITH GREENE VILLE
TECHNICAL COLLEGE
, Chapter 14: Disorders in Immunity
The Immune Response: A Two-Sided Coin
The human immune system is powerful and intricate, having the potential to
cause injury and disease.
Immunopathology: disease states caused by overactivity or underactivity of
the immune response
Hypersensitivity: state of overactivity, the tissues are innocent bystanders
attacked by immune components that can’t distinguish one’s own tissues
from foreign material
• Allergy and autoimmunity
Hyposensitivity or immunodeficiency: immune function is incompletely
developed, is suppressed, or has been destroyed
Type I Allergic Reactions: Atopy and Anaphylaxis
Allergy: exaggerated immune response that is manifested by inflammation
Allergens: antigens
2 Levels of Severity
• Atopy: chronic local allergy such as hay fever or asthma
• Anaphylaxis: systemic, sometimes fatal reaction that involves airway
obstruction and circulatory collapse
Who Is Affected?
Nearly half of the US population is affected by airborne allergens
Majority are mild; some are severe
May last a lifetime, some are “outgrown,” and others develop later in life
Generalized susceptibility is inherited
Why are they so common?
