Community Health Nursing Questions and Answers correct

Community Health Nursing Questions and Answers correct Population based Care: Concentrates on health protection, health promotion and disease prevention of a population. Public Health: considered the umbrella term for health care initiatives focused on nursing care aimed at populations and encompasses community and global health. Each of these concepts of care has a main goal of promoting, preserving, and maintaining community health. POPULATION AS A WHOLE Community Health Nursing goal: Goal is to preserve, protect, promote, maintain and RESTORE health. Focus is the health care of individuals, families and groups in a community Broader term for CHN: Broader term for CHN is "Community-orientated nursing practice or Population-centered practice" Public Health is the Science and Art of: 1. preventing disease, 2. prolonging life, and 3. promoting health and efficiency through organized community effort. Public Health Nursing: -Focus on community as a whole (population) and effect of community's health status on health of individuals, families, and aggregates -Care provided within context of disease/disability prevention, promoting & protecting health of whole community (American Public Health Association) Public Health Nursing as defined by the American Public Health Association: Promoting and protecting the health of populations -knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences Assessment and identification of subpopulations at -high risk of injury, disease, threat of disease, or poor recovery -focusing resources to increase availability & accessability of services Work with and through relevant community leaders, interest groups, employers, families and individuals, and through involvement in relevant social and political actions Community Health Nursing: Is it continuing or episodic? Where does the responsibility lie? What is an integral part? Where is care directed? Is it continuing or episodic? CONTINUING Where does the responsibility lie? To the population as a whole! What is an integral part? CHANGE PROCESS Where is care directed: to individual, families, or groups -Not limited to a particular age group or diagnosis -Nursing care is directed to individual, families, or groups Focus of community health nursing: is on the prevention of illness and the promotion and maintenance of health. RESTORING. Responsibilities of a community health nurse: 1. Develop community diagnosis 2. Health surveillance, monitoring, evaluation of community/population health status 3. Prevent disease/disability & promoting, protecting, maintaining health to create conditions in which people can be healthy 4. Investigate major health and environmental problems Community-based nursing practice is ______________-specific. It focuses on care of "sick" individuals and families where they _______, _______, and ________. Emphasis on ________ and ________ care. Setting-specific live, work, go to school acute & chronic care Health Promotion is motivated by what? is motivated by the desire to increase well-being and actualize human health potential. Health protection is motivated by: is motivated by a desire to actively avoid illness, detect it early, or maintain functioning within the constraints of illness. A problem-oriented approach Health promotion and health protection role of nursing: The role of nursing becomes more innovative, entails greater responsibility and increases involvement in program planning and legislation; acts in the roles of consultant, collaborator and coordinator. Formal nursing preparation includes: -Basic Sciences--chemistry, bacteriology, engineering, physiology, pathology, sociology, and... -Epidemiology--the study of health in human populations -Statistics and research: Orientation to health care systems, identification of high-risk populations, application of public health concepts to the care of groups of culturally diverse populations, interventions with high-risk populations, and orientation to regulations affecting public health nursing practice... -Multi-faceted approach Major goals for community health nursing: Care of the ill, disabled, and suffering in non-hospital settings. Support of development and well-being throughout the life cycle. Promotion of human relatedness and mutual caring. Promotion of self-responsibility regarding health and well-being. Promotion of relative safety in the environment while conserving resources. Concern for the connection between health status of the population and the environment in which the population lives. It is imperative for the nurse to work with members of the community. ... Nurse must be able to identify various determinants of health: (9) Income Social support Personal health practices Education Biology & Genetics Crime Employment Physical environment Housing Transportation 4 elements of the code of ethics for nurses: Nurses and people Nurses and practice Nurses and the profession Nurses and coworkers Although CHN considers both individual- focused and society-focused ethics, the foremost ethical principle of public health nursing is doing good for the greatest number of people with the least harm...consequently there is "tension." ... Initial step: Initial step is to identify how the population we are working with defines Health! Things to ponder... If we define health as a commodity, we will be interested in learning what will repair our deficiencies, or what will cure or "fix" us. If we define health as the ability to adapt, we will be interested in learning about stress-reduction techniques, what resources are available for support, and methods of environmental control. If we view health as well-being, we will be interested in learning to create meaning, and a sense of belonging in our lives, and to accept that total control and autonomy are not possible. Who is in control? Roles and responsibilities: 1. Direct care of ill, infirm, suffering, and disabled clients -care in the home today builds on care that has been provided in institutional settings using a family-focused model. 2. Maintaining healthful environments -making referrals by being aware of available resources and channels for accessing the resources. 3. Teaching about health promotion and prevention of disease -nurses are care experts and can foster human development and capabilities through client education. 4. Identifying those with inadequate standards of living and untreated illnesses and disabilities and referring them for services -monitoring, evaluating, assessing and reassessing the health of individuals, families, populations, and communities-making life meaningful 5. Preventing and reporting neglect and abuse -standing in the gap, enforcing selected public health laws. 6. Advocating for adequate standards of living and health care services -environmental management (institutional, home, occupational, and community/social) to strengthen human connectedness, promoting a basic standard of living, and conflict resolution without violence 7. Collaborating to develop appropriate, adequate, acceptable health services -collaborating, peer sharing, and networking to help create professional partnerships, to assist communities to plan strategically, toward the goal of strengthening the communities competence to interact, develop solutions for community problems, and promote health. 8. Ensuring quality nursing care and engaging in nursing research -Licensure -Continuing professional education -Quality management/Quality assessment/attainment -Research/Evidence-based practice 9. Caring for oneself and participating in professional development activities -the lifelong process of professional development supports continued competence; -ways of k