Table of Content
UnituI:uBasicuConceptsuanduPrinciplesuinuPharmacology
1.uIntroductionutouRespiratoryuCareuPharmacology
2.uPrinciplesuofuDruguAction
3.uAdministrationuofuAerosolizeduAgents
4.uCalculatinguDruguDoses
5.uTheuCentraluanduPeripheraluNervousuSystems
UnituII:uDrugsuUsedutouTreatutheuRespiratoryuSystem
6.uAdrenergicu(Sympathomimetic)uBronchodilators
7.uAnticholinergicu(Parasympatholytic)uBronchodilators
8.uXanthines
9.uMucus-ControllinguDruguTherapy
10.uSurfactantuAgents
11.uCorticosteriodsuinuRespiratoryuCare
12.uNonsteroidaluAntiasthmauAgents
13.uAerosolizeduAntiinfectiveuAgents
14.uAntimicrobialuAgents
15.uColduanduCoughuAgents
16.uSelecteduAgentsuofuPulmonaryuValue
17.uNeonataluanduPediatricuAerosolizeduDruguTherapy
UnituIII:uCriticaluCare,uCardiovascular,uanduPolysomnographyuAgents
18.uSkeletaluMuscleuRelaxantsu(NeuromuscularuBlockinguAgents)
19.uDiureticuAgents
20.uDrugsuAffectingutheuCentraluNervousuSystem
21.uVasopressors,uInotropes,uanduAntiarrythmicuAgents
22.uDrugsuAffectinguCirculation:uAntihypertensives,uAntianginals,uAntithrombotics
23.uSleepuanduSleepuPharmacology
,Chapter 01: Introduction to Respiratory Care Pharmacology
Gardenhire: Rau’s Respiratory Care Pharmacology, 10th Edition
MULTIPLEuCHOICE
1. Whatuisutheunameuofutheureceptorusitesuthatuareulocateduinutheuperipheraluvasculature,utheuheart,ubronchialu
muscle,uandubronchialublooduvessels?
a. Betau2ureceptors c. Alphaureceptors
b. Gammaureceptors d.u u Betau1ureceptors
ANSWER:u C
Alphaureceptorsuareulocateduinutheuperipheraluvasculature,utheuheart,ubronchialumuscle,uandubronchialubl
ooduvessels.
PTS:u 1
2. Whichureceptorusiteuresultsuinutachycardia,uanuincreasedupotentialuforuarrhythmias,uanduanuincreasedu
cardiacuoutput?
a. Betau1ureceptor c. Alphaureceptor
b. Betau2ureceptor d.u Deltaureceptor
ANSWER:u A
Stimulationuofutheubeta-
1ureceptorsuresultsuinutachycardia,uanuincreasedupotentialuforuarrhythmias,uanduanuincreaseducardiacuoutp
ut.uInuadministeringudrugsutoutheupulmonaryusystem,ustimulationuofutheubeta-
1usitesuisunotudesired.uHowever,umosturespiratoryupharmacologicuagentsuhaveusomeubeta-
1ustimulatoryueffect.
PTS:u 1
3. Stimulationuofutheubetau2ureceptorsucausesu
a. peripheraluvasoconstrictionuandumildubronchoconstrictionuinutheulungs.
b. tachycardia,uanuincreasedupotentialuforuarrhythmias,uanduanuincreaseducardiacuoutput.
c. bronchodilation.
d. peripheraluvasodilation,ubradycardia,uandudecreaseducardiacuoutput.
ANSWER:u C
Stimulationuofutheubeta-2ureceptorsuinutheulungsucausesubronchodilation.
PTS:u 1
4. Acetylcholineustimulatesu
a. theuVagusunerve.
b. theuadrenergicureceptors.
c. theusympatheticunervoususystem.
d. theucholinergicureceptors.
ANSWER:u D
Acetylcholineustimulatesutheucholinergicureceptors.
PTS:u 1
5. Whatuimmunoglobulinuantibodyusensitizesutheumastucell?
a. Leukotrienes c. Histamine
, b. IgE d.u Prostaglandins
ANSWER:u B
TheuIgEu(reagin)uantibodiesusensitizeutheumastucell.uRepeateduexposureutoutheuantigenucausesutheudegranu
lationuofutheumastucell.
PTS:u 1
6. Whichuofutheufollowinguisucausedubyuhistamineureleaseufromutheumastucells?
I. Bronchodilation
II. Increasedubronchialuglandusecretion
III. Increaseduamountuofumucusupresentuinutheuairways
a. IuanduIIuonly c. IIIuonly
b. IIuanduIIIuonly d.u u I,uII,uIII
ANSWER:u B
Histamineuisualsouaupotentubronchoconstrictor.uInuadditionutouitsubronchoconstrictiveuactivity,uhistamine
II)uincreasesubronchialuglandusecretion,ucausinguIII)uanuincreaseuinutheuamountuofumucusupresent
uinutheuairways.uHistamineumayualsouhaveuanueffectuonuvascularupermeabilityusimilarutoutheueffectuof-
uSRS-A.
PTS:u 1
7. Ausympathomimeticudruguwoulducauseu
a. bronchodilation. c. Histamineurelease.
b. bronchoconstriction. d.u Vagusunerveustimulation.
ANSWER:u A
Ausympathomimeticudruguwoulducauseubronchodilation.uSympathomimeticuagentsuareutheudrugsumostucommonl
yuusedutoureverseubronchospasm.
PTS:u 1
8. Stimulationuofutheusympatheticunervoususystemucausesu
a. vascularupermeability. c. bronchodilation.
b. decreasedubloodupressure. d.u bronchoconstriction.
ANSWER:u C
Sympatheticunervoususystemustimulationucausesubronchodilation.
PTS:u 1
9. WhichuofutheufollowinguwoulduNOTucauseuaubronchospasmuorubronchoconstriction?
a. Leukotrienes c. Histamine
b. Betau1ureceptors d.u Prostaglandins
ANSWER:u B
Beta-
1ureceptorsuwouldunotucauseuaubronchospasmuorubronchoconstriction.uLeukotrienesuareuoneuofumany
uchemicalumediatorsureleasedubyutheumastucells.uLeukotrienesucauseuaudirect,ustrongubronchoconstriction.
uHistamineuisualsouaupotentubronchoconstrictor.uProstaglandinsucauseuaustrongubronchospasm,uespeciallyu
inuasthmaticupatients.
PTS:u 1