SW612 FINAL TEST WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Mental Health - ANSWER "a state of successful performance of mental function,
resulting in productive activities,
fulfilling relationships with people, and
the ability to adapt to change and
to cope with adversity"
Surgeon General David Satcher, 1999.
Mental disorder as latent or hypothetical disorder - ANSWER As opposed to many
medical syndromes that can be identified via objective means, mental illness syndromes
are inferred/interpreted using information derived from various sources.
Implications of mental disorder as hypothetical - ANSWER Time, place, tradition,
culture, power stratification (e.g. race, age and gender) are among the important
variables in determining whether a particular behavior or set of behaviors is regarded
as 'disordered'.
Syndrome - ANSWER a set of symptoms that tend to co-occur within individuals, which
are defined as a specific illness/condition.
key characteristic of mental disorder as syndrome - ANSWER Internal dysfunction
Clinically significant dysfunction in cognition, emotional regulation, behavior
This dysfunction is presumed to reflect problems in underlying biological, psychological
or developmental processes
Associated with distress or disability
It is not an expectable/culturally approved reaction to a stressor or loss
It is not primarily deviant behavior (sexual, political, religious, etc.) that relates to a
conflict/tension between the individual and society (e.g. violation of social norm).
SMI - ANSWER serious mental illness
Results in serious functional impairment, which substantially interferes with or limits
one or more major life activities.
,Typically includes diagnoses that involve psychosis (experiencing delusions,
hallucinations) or a need high levels of care (i.e. hospital treatment).
Mental health care points of access - ANSWER Specialty sector--psych hospitals,
inpatient, outpatient, day treatment etc
Primary Care
Voluntary Support Network/Groups
Human services sector--housing, employment, criminal justice, schools
Issues faced my multicultural communities - ANSWER less access, poor quality of care,
higher stigma, culturally insensitive care, language barriers, low rates of health
insurance
Percent of Adults/Children with condition who received care in US 2016 - ANSWER 41%
adults/ 50% children
Main issues with access to care for MH - ANSWER -community treatment not fully
funded and coordinated since deinstitutionalization in 1963
-jails, prisons-- high populations of ppl w MH, homelessness not receiving proper
treatment
-insuffcient MH professionals
-costs/health insurance
MH as Social Justice issue - ANSWER Toxic stress in poor, minoritized communities
disparities in health and mental health that begin at a early age.
Unmet need for treatment is greatest in traditionally underserved groups (e.g. elderly,
racial-ethnic minorities, individuals w/low incomes, uninsured, and residents of rural
areas)
Mental health financing and delivery is extremely variable across states many have no
access to services
The states with less access to mental health care have more adults who are in the
criminal justice system, more homeless adults.
SW and MH Mission - ANSWER Dual Mission:
-Enhance human wellbeing (including ensuring that basic needs are met), AND
-Empower individuals/groups/communities that are poor, marginalized, oppressed.
Orientation to mental health and illness:
-Must understand the contributions of BIOPSYCH contributions (medical model), AND
,-Must understand individuals' MH conditions in their ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT:
Interpersonal/social
Cultural
Power: Political and economic
Historical
-Must also consider, appreciate, and centralize the coping, strengths and abilities of
individuals/groups
Examples of "Bio" causes (from biopsychosocial) - ANSWER genetics, chemical
'imbalances', structural brain anomalies, in-utero exposure, temperament
Examples of "psycho" causes (from biopsychosocial) - ANSWER personality traits,
coping, emotional regulation, trauma, self concept
Examples of "social" causes (from biopsychosocial) - ANSWER social support, family
relationships, neighborhood factors, SES, poverty, social stratification, stigma,
treatment access
Biological 'determinants' or risk factors for Mental Disorders - ANSWER Structural
Theories--Abnormalities in the structure of the brain cause mental disorders
Biochemical Theories-Imbalances in the levels of neurotransmitters or hormones, or
poor functioning of receptors cause mental disorders
Genetic Theories-Alterations (anomaly, abnormality, aberration, or mutation) in genes
lead to mental disorders
Temperament - ANSWER foundation for personality; biologically driven and observed
from infancy and moderately stable across lifespan and contexts
Perinatal health - ANSWER pregnancy and delivery complications can increase risk for
ADHD and schizophrenia; exposure to cigarette smoke increases risk for ADHD and
other behavioral problems
, Psychological risk/protective factors - ANSWER Self-efficacy and self-esteem
Self-regulation
emotion regulation
Coping Strategies
Traumatic events and losses
Family
Social support networks
Neighborhood
Medical Model - ANSWER The medical model of mental illness derives assumptions,
processes and aims from modern medicine:
Assumptions: a mental illness is a disease of the mind or psyche; it can be classified; its
causal factors can be identified and treated by a professional expert.
Processes: The expert engages in a systematic process involving observation,
description, and differentiation—with the focus on honing in on an accurate diagnosis;
with a diagnosis in hand, the treatment proceeds to address the presumed causal
factors in a targeted fashion.
Aims: Cure (remission of symptoms) or reduction of symptoms (partial remission),
restoring the individual to as close to their 'baseline' as possible
ANSWERS
Mental Health - ANSWER "a state of successful performance of mental function,
resulting in productive activities,
fulfilling relationships with people, and
the ability to adapt to change and
to cope with adversity"
Surgeon General David Satcher, 1999.
Mental disorder as latent or hypothetical disorder - ANSWER As opposed to many
medical syndromes that can be identified via objective means, mental illness syndromes
are inferred/interpreted using information derived from various sources.
Implications of mental disorder as hypothetical - ANSWER Time, place, tradition,
culture, power stratification (e.g. race, age and gender) are among the important
variables in determining whether a particular behavior or set of behaviors is regarded
as 'disordered'.
Syndrome - ANSWER a set of symptoms that tend to co-occur within individuals, which
are defined as a specific illness/condition.
key characteristic of mental disorder as syndrome - ANSWER Internal dysfunction
Clinically significant dysfunction in cognition, emotional regulation, behavior
This dysfunction is presumed to reflect problems in underlying biological, psychological
or developmental processes
Associated with distress or disability
It is not an expectable/culturally approved reaction to a stressor or loss
It is not primarily deviant behavior (sexual, political, religious, etc.) that relates to a
conflict/tension between the individual and society (e.g. violation of social norm).
SMI - ANSWER serious mental illness
Results in serious functional impairment, which substantially interferes with or limits
one or more major life activities.
,Typically includes diagnoses that involve psychosis (experiencing delusions,
hallucinations) or a need high levels of care (i.e. hospital treatment).
Mental health care points of access - ANSWER Specialty sector--psych hospitals,
inpatient, outpatient, day treatment etc
Primary Care
Voluntary Support Network/Groups
Human services sector--housing, employment, criminal justice, schools
Issues faced my multicultural communities - ANSWER less access, poor quality of care,
higher stigma, culturally insensitive care, language barriers, low rates of health
insurance
Percent of Adults/Children with condition who received care in US 2016 - ANSWER 41%
adults/ 50% children
Main issues with access to care for MH - ANSWER -community treatment not fully
funded and coordinated since deinstitutionalization in 1963
-jails, prisons-- high populations of ppl w MH, homelessness not receiving proper
treatment
-insuffcient MH professionals
-costs/health insurance
MH as Social Justice issue - ANSWER Toxic stress in poor, minoritized communities
disparities in health and mental health that begin at a early age.
Unmet need for treatment is greatest in traditionally underserved groups (e.g. elderly,
racial-ethnic minorities, individuals w/low incomes, uninsured, and residents of rural
areas)
Mental health financing and delivery is extremely variable across states many have no
access to services
The states with less access to mental health care have more adults who are in the
criminal justice system, more homeless adults.
SW and MH Mission - ANSWER Dual Mission:
-Enhance human wellbeing (including ensuring that basic needs are met), AND
-Empower individuals/groups/communities that are poor, marginalized, oppressed.
Orientation to mental health and illness:
-Must understand the contributions of BIOPSYCH contributions (medical model), AND
,-Must understand individuals' MH conditions in their ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT:
Interpersonal/social
Cultural
Power: Political and economic
Historical
-Must also consider, appreciate, and centralize the coping, strengths and abilities of
individuals/groups
Examples of "Bio" causes (from biopsychosocial) - ANSWER genetics, chemical
'imbalances', structural brain anomalies, in-utero exposure, temperament
Examples of "psycho" causes (from biopsychosocial) - ANSWER personality traits,
coping, emotional regulation, trauma, self concept
Examples of "social" causes (from biopsychosocial) - ANSWER social support, family
relationships, neighborhood factors, SES, poverty, social stratification, stigma,
treatment access
Biological 'determinants' or risk factors for Mental Disorders - ANSWER Structural
Theories--Abnormalities in the structure of the brain cause mental disorders
Biochemical Theories-Imbalances in the levels of neurotransmitters or hormones, or
poor functioning of receptors cause mental disorders
Genetic Theories-Alterations (anomaly, abnormality, aberration, or mutation) in genes
lead to mental disorders
Temperament - ANSWER foundation for personality; biologically driven and observed
from infancy and moderately stable across lifespan and contexts
Perinatal health - ANSWER pregnancy and delivery complications can increase risk for
ADHD and schizophrenia; exposure to cigarette smoke increases risk for ADHD and
other behavioral problems
, Psychological risk/protective factors - ANSWER Self-efficacy and self-esteem
Self-regulation
emotion regulation
Coping Strategies
Traumatic events and losses
Family
Social support networks
Neighborhood
Medical Model - ANSWER The medical model of mental illness derives assumptions,
processes and aims from modern medicine:
Assumptions: a mental illness is a disease of the mind or psyche; it can be classified; its
causal factors can be identified and treated by a professional expert.
Processes: The expert engages in a systematic process involving observation,
description, and differentiation—with the focus on honing in on an accurate diagnosis;
with a diagnosis in hand, the treatment proceeds to address the presumed causal
factors in a targeted fashion.
Aims: Cure (remission of symptoms) or reduction of symptoms (partial remission),
restoring the individual to as close to their 'baseline' as possible
