BCH 3120 MT2 EXAM STUDY
GUIDE 100% PASS
why are some fatty acids solid and others liquid? - ANSWER saturated fatty acids have a
high melting point than unsaturated fats, so they are more solid at room temp. oils have
higher unsaturated fats hence lower melting points, hence liquid at room temp.
Is there a limit of fat stores? - ANSWER there is an unlimited capacity because we didn't
evolve to have one, because in hunting days we did not know when our next meal would
be.
mobilization of stored fats - ANSWER §Three enzymes work together to convert TAG to
Free Fatty Acids (FFA) + glycerol.
- Adipose TriGlyceride Lipase or ATGL cuts to make diacylglycerol
- Hormone-Sensitive Lipase or HSL cuts to make monoacylglycerol
- MonoacylGlycerol Lipase or MGL cuts to make glycerol
How are fatty acids catabolized by oxidation? - ANSWER 1.Activation of FA
2.Transport of FA
3. β-Oxidation
Why using a complex carnitine shuttling process? - ANSWER §CPT1 is strongly inhibited
by malonyl-CoA (the first committed intermediate of fatty acid synthesis)
§Conditions favoring fatty acid synthesis prevent fatty acids from entering the
mitochondria where β-oxidation will occurs. Prevents FA degradation when you need FA
synthesis
How many ATP will be generated by the b-oxidation of a C16:0 fatty acid? - ANSWER 7
cycles of β-oxidation
§7 FADH2
§7 NADH
§8 acetyl-CoA
8 acetyl-CoA (TCA cycle)
§24 NADH
, §8 FADH2
§8 GTP (ATP)
Oxphos
§15 FADH2 x 1.5 = 22.5 ATP
§31 NADH x 2.5 = 77.5 ATP
22.5+77.5+8(-2 ATP from activation) = 106 ATP
How many ATP will be generated by the b-oxidation of a C15:0 fatty acid? - ANSWER 6
cycles of β-oxidation
§6 FADH2
§6 NADH
§6 acetyl-CoA
§1 propionyl-CoA
6 acetyl-CoA (TCA cycle)
§18 NADH
§6 FADH2
§6 GTP (ATP)
1 propionyl-CoA (TCA cycle)
§1 NADH
§1 FADH2
§1 GTP (ATP) - 1 ATP
Oxphos
§13 FADH2 x 1.5 = 19.5 ATP
§25 NADH x 2.5 = 62.5 ATP
19.5+62.5+6(-2 ATP from activation) = 86ATP
Things to remember when you do net yield of ATP for polyunsaturated FAs - ANSWER §If
the double bond is located at odd carbon number
§Δ9, Δ11 or Δ13
§Use of Enoyl-CoA isomerase
GUIDE 100% PASS
why are some fatty acids solid and others liquid? - ANSWER saturated fatty acids have a
high melting point than unsaturated fats, so they are more solid at room temp. oils have
higher unsaturated fats hence lower melting points, hence liquid at room temp.
Is there a limit of fat stores? - ANSWER there is an unlimited capacity because we didn't
evolve to have one, because in hunting days we did not know when our next meal would
be.
mobilization of stored fats - ANSWER §Three enzymes work together to convert TAG to
Free Fatty Acids (FFA) + glycerol.
- Adipose TriGlyceride Lipase or ATGL cuts to make diacylglycerol
- Hormone-Sensitive Lipase or HSL cuts to make monoacylglycerol
- MonoacylGlycerol Lipase or MGL cuts to make glycerol
How are fatty acids catabolized by oxidation? - ANSWER 1.Activation of FA
2.Transport of FA
3. β-Oxidation
Why using a complex carnitine shuttling process? - ANSWER §CPT1 is strongly inhibited
by malonyl-CoA (the first committed intermediate of fatty acid synthesis)
§Conditions favoring fatty acid synthesis prevent fatty acids from entering the
mitochondria where β-oxidation will occurs. Prevents FA degradation when you need FA
synthesis
How many ATP will be generated by the b-oxidation of a C16:0 fatty acid? - ANSWER 7
cycles of β-oxidation
§7 FADH2
§7 NADH
§8 acetyl-CoA
8 acetyl-CoA (TCA cycle)
§24 NADH
, §8 FADH2
§8 GTP (ATP)
Oxphos
§15 FADH2 x 1.5 = 22.5 ATP
§31 NADH x 2.5 = 77.5 ATP
22.5+77.5+8(-2 ATP from activation) = 106 ATP
How many ATP will be generated by the b-oxidation of a C15:0 fatty acid? - ANSWER 6
cycles of β-oxidation
§6 FADH2
§6 NADH
§6 acetyl-CoA
§1 propionyl-CoA
6 acetyl-CoA (TCA cycle)
§18 NADH
§6 FADH2
§6 GTP (ATP)
1 propionyl-CoA (TCA cycle)
§1 NADH
§1 FADH2
§1 GTP (ATP) - 1 ATP
Oxphos
§13 FADH2 x 1.5 = 19.5 ATP
§25 NADH x 2.5 = 62.5 ATP
19.5+62.5+6(-2 ATP from activation) = 86ATP
Things to remember when you do net yield of ATP for polyunsaturated FAs - ANSWER §If
the double bond is located at odd carbon number
§Δ9, Δ11 or Δ13
§Use of Enoyl-CoA isomerase
