BME 222 TEST ONE
latest updated version
with 100% correct
answers
Why do we use interfaces (implant) with biological systems? - answer to
evaluate, treat, augment, or replace any tissue, organ, or function of the
body
how many sutures made annually - answer 250 M
how many catheters made annually - answer 200 M
how many blood bags made annually - answer 40 M
how many contact lenses made annually - answer 30 M
how many intraocular lenses made annually - answer 2.5 M
how many coronary stents made annually - answer 1.2 M
how many knee and hip prostheses made annually - answer 0.5 M
inorganic (carbon free) - answer metals & ceramics
,what are metal characteristics and what are they used for? - answer strong,
easily formed/shaped, conductive
used for joint replacements, fillings, stents, pacemaker leads
what are ceramic characteristics and what are they used for? - answer very
hard, degradation resistant, brittle
used for bone implant coating because they have a similar chemistry to bone
organic (contain carbon) - answer polymer
what are polymer characteristics and what are they used for? - answer -
synthetic & natural
-tunable to achieve diverse properties. can change the properties so much so
they are v useful
used for vascular graft, contact lens, structures, TE scaffolds
key design material - answer 1. biocompatibility (i.e. inflammation)
2. mechanical properties (should match tissue)
3. surface material (hydrophilic/phobic)
4. resistance to corrosion & wear (fatigue) so that it lasts through life of
patient
5. degradation rate
why are the surface properties so important - answer surface material often
much more important than all other part of material. this is tied to the idea of
interfacing as there is always some outside material that is interacting with
body and has effect on biological system
, ex 99% metal but surface polymer so we look at polymer properties
first generation biomaterials (1960s-1980s) - answer "Biocompatible and
biologically inert." They were used to augment and replace because it was
inert. Not trying to integrate with system, just trying to replace function.
Continuous (stream)
ex. hip replacement, silicon breast, dialysis
second generation (1990s-present) - answer "Degradable, Bioresorbable, and
Bioactive." Materials that can perform function of their own. Not inert, now
informing biology.
ex. scaffold (small 3D polymer) that is embedded with protein growth factor
that tells cells in wound to grow.
next generation (future) - answer "Smart." Environmentally responsive so
respond to environment they are in. Material is now dynamic instead of static
and can respond to environmental cues. Faucet bc can turn on and off.
ex. inflammation cued by ROS. Design an anti-inflammatory by making it out
of material responsive to ROS. If inflammation is high, the material will turn
on
first gen products - answer pump for heart-lung machine (replace)
heart valve (replace & inert as possible)
knee replacement
hip replacement
latest updated version
with 100% correct
answers
Why do we use interfaces (implant) with biological systems? - answer to
evaluate, treat, augment, or replace any tissue, organ, or function of the
body
how many sutures made annually - answer 250 M
how many catheters made annually - answer 200 M
how many blood bags made annually - answer 40 M
how many contact lenses made annually - answer 30 M
how many intraocular lenses made annually - answer 2.5 M
how many coronary stents made annually - answer 1.2 M
how many knee and hip prostheses made annually - answer 0.5 M
inorganic (carbon free) - answer metals & ceramics
,what are metal characteristics and what are they used for? - answer strong,
easily formed/shaped, conductive
used for joint replacements, fillings, stents, pacemaker leads
what are ceramic characteristics and what are they used for? - answer very
hard, degradation resistant, brittle
used for bone implant coating because they have a similar chemistry to bone
organic (contain carbon) - answer polymer
what are polymer characteristics and what are they used for? - answer -
synthetic & natural
-tunable to achieve diverse properties. can change the properties so much so
they are v useful
used for vascular graft, contact lens, structures, TE scaffolds
key design material - answer 1. biocompatibility (i.e. inflammation)
2. mechanical properties (should match tissue)
3. surface material (hydrophilic/phobic)
4. resistance to corrosion & wear (fatigue) so that it lasts through life of
patient
5. degradation rate
why are the surface properties so important - answer surface material often
much more important than all other part of material. this is tied to the idea of
interfacing as there is always some outside material that is interacting with
body and has effect on biological system
, ex 99% metal but surface polymer so we look at polymer properties
first generation biomaterials (1960s-1980s) - answer "Biocompatible and
biologically inert." They were used to augment and replace because it was
inert. Not trying to integrate with system, just trying to replace function.
Continuous (stream)
ex. hip replacement, silicon breast, dialysis
second generation (1990s-present) - answer "Degradable, Bioresorbable, and
Bioactive." Materials that can perform function of their own. Not inert, now
informing biology.
ex. scaffold (small 3D polymer) that is embedded with protein growth factor
that tells cells in wound to grow.
next generation (future) - answer "Smart." Environmentally responsive so
respond to environment they are in. Material is now dynamic instead of static
and can respond to environmental cues. Faucet bc can turn on and off.
ex. inflammation cued by ROS. Design an anti-inflammatory by making it out
of material responsive to ROS. If inflammation is high, the material will turn
on
first gen products - answer pump for heart-lung machine (replace)
heart valve (replace & inert as possible)
knee replacement
hip replacement
