NBDHE Practice Test MEGA-SET (838 Terms in this set)
NBDHE Practice Test MEGA-SET (838 Terms in this set)
A. stratified squamous epithelium.
The type of epithelial tissue that lines the
oral cavity is called
RATIONALE: Stratified squamous epithelium lines the cavity. Simple columnar
A. stratified squamous epithelium.
epithelium is tall and narrow; it lines the intestines and cervix of the uterus. Simple
B. simple columnar epithelium.
cuboidal epithelium is cubical in shape and lines the ovaries. Note that pseudo-
C. simple cuboidal epithelium.
stratified columnar epithelium appears stratified, but is in fact, only one layer.
D. pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium.
Pseudo-stratified epithelium lines is found in the trachea.
A. The temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the
The cheekbone is composed of the
temporal bone
A. The temporal process of the zygomatic
bone and the zygomatic process of the
RATIONALE: The zygomatic arch (cheekbone) is composed of the temporal
temporal bone
process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone.
B. The zygomatic process and the
The zygomatic process articulates with the zygomatic bone and completes the
zygomatic bone
infraorbital rim. The palatine processes articulate with each other to form the
C. The palatine processes
anterior major portion of the hard palate and the median palatine suture. The
D. The frontal process and the frontal
frontal process articulates with the frontal bone, forming the medial orbital rim
bone.
with the lacrimal bone.
C. The temporal bones
What bones form the lateral walls of the
skull?
RATIONALE: The temporal bones (paired bones) form the lateral walls of the skull.
A. The cranial bones
The cranial bones, or neurocranium, (eight bones) surround the brain; four singular
B. The occipital bone
bones, two paired bones. The occipital bone (single bone) forms the posterior
C. The temporal bones
portion of the skull. The parietal bones (paired bones) constitute a large part of
D. The parietal bones
the vault and sides of the cranium.
D. temporal bone
The surface of the condyle articulates
with the RATIONALE: The condyle articulates with temporal bone, forming the moving part
A. external acoustic meatus. of the TMJ. The external acoustic meatus is the ear canal and does not rotate
B. styloid process. within the condyle. The styloid process, a pointed piece of bone extending below
C. coronoid notch. the ear, projects down and forward from the inferior surface of the temporal
D. temporal bone. bone. The coronoid notch, also called the coronoid process, is a concavity on the
anterior border of the ramus of the mandible.
A. mitochondria
A structure in the cell that contains a
single, circular DNA, and synthesizes RATIONALE: Mitochondria are powerful cellular organelles that contain a single
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the circular DNA, and synthesize the body's primary source of energy, adenosine
A. mitochondria. triphosphate (ATP). Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes and lead the
B. lysosome. breakdown of foreign substances by the process of phagocytosis. Endoplasmic
C. endoplasmic reticulum. reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and the transport of nutrients to the
D. Golgi apparatus. nucleus. The golgi apparatus stores, packs, and transfers proteins and other
cellular components to the exterior of a secretory cell.
®™
,NBDHE Practice Test MEGA-SET (838 Terms in this set)
D. maxillary first premolar
Which tooth is known for its bifurcated
RATIONALE: In about 60% of maxillary 1st
root?
premolars a bifurcation occurs in the apical third
A. Mandibular second premolar
to half of the root. This bifurcation forms one
B. Maxillary second premolar
facial and one lingual root. The mandibular
C. Maxillary first premolar
second premolar, the maxillary second premolar,
D. Mandibular first premolar
and the mandibular first premolar each have only
one root.
Which of the following permanent teeth C. Mandibular central incisor
occlude with only one tooth in the
opposite arch, assuming ideal relations RATIONALE: Assuming ideal occlusal relations, the mandibular central incisor
exist? occludes with only the maxillary central incisor. The maxillary canine occludes
A. Maxillary canine with the mandibular canine and 1st premolar whereas the maxillary first molar
B. Maxillary first molar occludes with both the mandibular first and second molars. Also occluding with
C. Mandibular central incisor more than one tooth is the mandibular 1st premolar which occludes with the
D. Mandibular first premolar maxillary canine and first premolar.
B. point angle
RATIONALE: A point angle is formed by the
junction of three surfaces. The point angle also
derives its name from the combination of the
names of the surfaces forming it. For example,
the junction of the mesial, buccal, and occlusal
The junction of three surfaces on the
surfaces of a molar is called the mesiobucco-
crown of a tooth is referred to as a(n)
occlusal point angle. Each tooth has 4 point
A. line angle.
angles. By contrast, a line angle is formed by the
B. point angle.
junction of two surfaces and derives its name
C. occlusal surface.
from the combination of the two surfaces that
D. incisal edge.
join. For instance, on an anterior tooth, the
junction of the mesial and labial surfaces is
called the mesiolabial line angle. Each tooth has
8 line angles. The occlusal surface is toward the
opposite arch on a posterior tooth whereas the
incisal surface is the surface of an incisor that is
toward the opposite arch.
D. stomodeum
The primitive oral cavity is/are called the RATIONALE: At the beginning of the fourth week
A. branchial arches. of embryonic development, five facial swellings,
B. frontal processes. called branchial arches, appear on the embryo.
C. forebrain. The stomodeum (primitive
D. stomodeum. oral cavity) is the first sign of facial development;
the stomodeum is located between the first
branchial arch and the frontal process (forebrain).
second molars — mesiolingual cusp
On which tooth and surface is the cusp of
Carabelli located?
®™
,NBDHE Practice Test MEGA-SET (838 Terms in this set)
1. Bud stage—condensed areas of
ectomesenchymal cells that are continuous with
the oral epithelium; the connection between the
two is referred to as the dental lamina
The following stages of tooth
2. Cap stage—future shape of the tooth becomes
development are arranged in
evident; cells specialize to form the enamel
alphabetical order. Rearrange them
organ
according to their sequence in the
3. Bell stage—final stage of
developmental timeline, from first to last.
morphodifferentiation; in the latter part of this
stage, cytodifferentiation begins in the enamel
Amelogenesis
organ
Appositional dentin and enamel
4. Dentinogenesis—origin or initial stages of
Bell
dentin formation
Bud
5. Amelogenesis—differentiated cells begin initial
Cap
enamel formation
Dentinogenesis
6. Apposition stage—formation of dental tissue
Eruption and root development
matrix; this matrix will then undergo maturation
Functional stage
or calcification
7. Eruption and root development
8. Functional stage—the tooth has fully erupted
in the mouth
The muscles of facial expression and taste VII (facial nerve)
within the tongue are controlled by
cranial nerve
The lingual artery, an anterior branch of a. sublingual salivary gland
the external carotid artery supplies blood
to each of the following areas EXCEPT The lingual artery gives rise to the sublingual artery which then supplies the
one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? sublingual salivary gland, the mylohyoid muscle, and the mucous membranes of
the floor of the mouth.
a. sublingual salivary gland
b. tongue
c. suprahyoid muscle
d. floor of the mouth
The interdental col area is particularly the absence of keratinization and interproximal location
susceptible to destruction because of
Each of the following is contained within b. nucleus
cellular cytoplasm EXCEPT one. Which
one is the EXCEPTION? The material inside the nucleus and contained within the nuclear membrane is
nucleoplasm. The cytoplasm contains all cellular contents between the plasma
a. organelles membrane and the nucleus, including the cytosol (fluid portion of cytoplasm),
b. nucleus cytoskeleton (structure of the cell), and the organelles (specialized cellular
c. cytoskeleton structures).
d. cytosol
Which of the following oral tissues c. periodontium
receives stimuli from nociceptors,
mechanoreceptors, and proprioceptors? The periodontium receives stimuli for pain (nociceptors) and for position and
pressure (mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors).
a. Dentin
b. Hard palate
c. Periodontium
d. Tonsillar pillars
®™
, NBDHE Practice Test MEGA-SET (838 Terms in this set)
Blood type is determined by the only antigen A.
assortment of glycolipids and
glycoproteins, called isoantigens, present
on the surfaces of red blood cells (RBCs).
Surfaces of type A red blood cells display
Cardiac output is determined by the number of heart beats per minute and stroke volume (SV).
The pancreas contains enzymes that c. bile
digest each of the following fluids
EXCEPT one. Which one is the Bile is secreted by the liver to carry away waste and to break down fats during
EXCEPTION? digestion.
a. protein
b. fat
c. bile
d. carbohydrate
Functions of the adult liver include all of b. bile storage/concentration
the following EXCEPT one. Which one is
the EXCEPTION? The gallbladder stores the bile produced by the liver.
a. bile production
b. bile storage/concentration
c. regulate blood clotting
d. remove glucose from the bloodstream
cortical nephrons
Microscopic functional units that make up
the bulk of the kidney are called
Anabolism
Which aspect of metabolism includes de
novo synthesis and requires DNA, RNA,
Anabolism allows the body to grow new cells
mRNA, and rRNA?
and maintain all the tissues.
Urine is composed of what percentage of 95%
water?
Each of the following are effects of Geographic tongue
dehydration EXCEPT one. Which one is
the EXCEPTION?
a. Dizziness
b. Geographic tongue
c. Headache
d. Fatigue
e. Dark urine
®™
NBDHE Practice Test MEGA-SET (838 Terms in this set)
A. stratified squamous epithelium.
The type of epithelial tissue that lines the
oral cavity is called
RATIONALE: Stratified squamous epithelium lines the cavity. Simple columnar
A. stratified squamous epithelium.
epithelium is tall and narrow; it lines the intestines and cervix of the uterus. Simple
B. simple columnar epithelium.
cuboidal epithelium is cubical in shape and lines the ovaries. Note that pseudo-
C. simple cuboidal epithelium.
stratified columnar epithelium appears stratified, but is in fact, only one layer.
D. pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium.
Pseudo-stratified epithelium lines is found in the trachea.
A. The temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the
The cheekbone is composed of the
temporal bone
A. The temporal process of the zygomatic
bone and the zygomatic process of the
RATIONALE: The zygomatic arch (cheekbone) is composed of the temporal
temporal bone
process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone.
B. The zygomatic process and the
The zygomatic process articulates with the zygomatic bone and completes the
zygomatic bone
infraorbital rim. The palatine processes articulate with each other to form the
C. The palatine processes
anterior major portion of the hard palate and the median palatine suture. The
D. The frontal process and the frontal
frontal process articulates with the frontal bone, forming the medial orbital rim
bone.
with the lacrimal bone.
C. The temporal bones
What bones form the lateral walls of the
skull?
RATIONALE: The temporal bones (paired bones) form the lateral walls of the skull.
A. The cranial bones
The cranial bones, or neurocranium, (eight bones) surround the brain; four singular
B. The occipital bone
bones, two paired bones. The occipital bone (single bone) forms the posterior
C. The temporal bones
portion of the skull. The parietal bones (paired bones) constitute a large part of
D. The parietal bones
the vault and sides of the cranium.
D. temporal bone
The surface of the condyle articulates
with the RATIONALE: The condyle articulates with temporal bone, forming the moving part
A. external acoustic meatus. of the TMJ. The external acoustic meatus is the ear canal and does not rotate
B. styloid process. within the condyle. The styloid process, a pointed piece of bone extending below
C. coronoid notch. the ear, projects down and forward from the inferior surface of the temporal
D. temporal bone. bone. The coronoid notch, also called the coronoid process, is a concavity on the
anterior border of the ramus of the mandible.
A. mitochondria
A structure in the cell that contains a
single, circular DNA, and synthesizes RATIONALE: Mitochondria are powerful cellular organelles that contain a single
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the circular DNA, and synthesize the body's primary source of energy, adenosine
A. mitochondria. triphosphate (ATP). Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes and lead the
B. lysosome. breakdown of foreign substances by the process of phagocytosis. Endoplasmic
C. endoplasmic reticulum. reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and the transport of nutrients to the
D. Golgi apparatus. nucleus. The golgi apparatus stores, packs, and transfers proteins and other
cellular components to the exterior of a secretory cell.
®™
,NBDHE Practice Test MEGA-SET (838 Terms in this set)
D. maxillary first premolar
Which tooth is known for its bifurcated
RATIONALE: In about 60% of maxillary 1st
root?
premolars a bifurcation occurs in the apical third
A. Mandibular second premolar
to half of the root. This bifurcation forms one
B. Maxillary second premolar
facial and one lingual root. The mandibular
C. Maxillary first premolar
second premolar, the maxillary second premolar,
D. Mandibular first premolar
and the mandibular first premolar each have only
one root.
Which of the following permanent teeth C. Mandibular central incisor
occlude with only one tooth in the
opposite arch, assuming ideal relations RATIONALE: Assuming ideal occlusal relations, the mandibular central incisor
exist? occludes with only the maxillary central incisor. The maxillary canine occludes
A. Maxillary canine with the mandibular canine and 1st premolar whereas the maxillary first molar
B. Maxillary first molar occludes with both the mandibular first and second molars. Also occluding with
C. Mandibular central incisor more than one tooth is the mandibular 1st premolar which occludes with the
D. Mandibular first premolar maxillary canine and first premolar.
B. point angle
RATIONALE: A point angle is formed by the
junction of three surfaces. The point angle also
derives its name from the combination of the
names of the surfaces forming it. For example,
the junction of the mesial, buccal, and occlusal
The junction of three surfaces on the
surfaces of a molar is called the mesiobucco-
crown of a tooth is referred to as a(n)
occlusal point angle. Each tooth has 4 point
A. line angle.
angles. By contrast, a line angle is formed by the
B. point angle.
junction of two surfaces and derives its name
C. occlusal surface.
from the combination of the two surfaces that
D. incisal edge.
join. For instance, on an anterior tooth, the
junction of the mesial and labial surfaces is
called the mesiolabial line angle. Each tooth has
8 line angles. The occlusal surface is toward the
opposite arch on a posterior tooth whereas the
incisal surface is the surface of an incisor that is
toward the opposite arch.
D. stomodeum
The primitive oral cavity is/are called the RATIONALE: At the beginning of the fourth week
A. branchial arches. of embryonic development, five facial swellings,
B. frontal processes. called branchial arches, appear on the embryo.
C. forebrain. The stomodeum (primitive
D. stomodeum. oral cavity) is the first sign of facial development;
the stomodeum is located between the first
branchial arch and the frontal process (forebrain).
second molars — mesiolingual cusp
On which tooth and surface is the cusp of
Carabelli located?
®™
,NBDHE Practice Test MEGA-SET (838 Terms in this set)
1. Bud stage—condensed areas of
ectomesenchymal cells that are continuous with
the oral epithelium; the connection between the
two is referred to as the dental lamina
The following stages of tooth
2. Cap stage—future shape of the tooth becomes
development are arranged in
evident; cells specialize to form the enamel
alphabetical order. Rearrange them
organ
according to their sequence in the
3. Bell stage—final stage of
developmental timeline, from first to last.
morphodifferentiation; in the latter part of this
stage, cytodifferentiation begins in the enamel
Amelogenesis
organ
Appositional dentin and enamel
4. Dentinogenesis—origin or initial stages of
Bell
dentin formation
Bud
5. Amelogenesis—differentiated cells begin initial
Cap
enamel formation
Dentinogenesis
6. Apposition stage—formation of dental tissue
Eruption and root development
matrix; this matrix will then undergo maturation
Functional stage
or calcification
7. Eruption and root development
8. Functional stage—the tooth has fully erupted
in the mouth
The muscles of facial expression and taste VII (facial nerve)
within the tongue are controlled by
cranial nerve
The lingual artery, an anterior branch of a. sublingual salivary gland
the external carotid artery supplies blood
to each of the following areas EXCEPT The lingual artery gives rise to the sublingual artery which then supplies the
one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? sublingual salivary gland, the mylohyoid muscle, and the mucous membranes of
the floor of the mouth.
a. sublingual salivary gland
b. tongue
c. suprahyoid muscle
d. floor of the mouth
The interdental col area is particularly the absence of keratinization and interproximal location
susceptible to destruction because of
Each of the following is contained within b. nucleus
cellular cytoplasm EXCEPT one. Which
one is the EXCEPTION? The material inside the nucleus and contained within the nuclear membrane is
nucleoplasm. The cytoplasm contains all cellular contents between the plasma
a. organelles membrane and the nucleus, including the cytosol (fluid portion of cytoplasm),
b. nucleus cytoskeleton (structure of the cell), and the organelles (specialized cellular
c. cytoskeleton structures).
d. cytosol
Which of the following oral tissues c. periodontium
receives stimuli from nociceptors,
mechanoreceptors, and proprioceptors? The periodontium receives stimuli for pain (nociceptors) and for position and
pressure (mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors).
a. Dentin
b. Hard palate
c. Periodontium
d. Tonsillar pillars
®™
, NBDHE Practice Test MEGA-SET (838 Terms in this set)
Blood type is determined by the only antigen A.
assortment of glycolipids and
glycoproteins, called isoantigens, present
on the surfaces of red blood cells (RBCs).
Surfaces of type A red blood cells display
Cardiac output is determined by the number of heart beats per minute and stroke volume (SV).
The pancreas contains enzymes that c. bile
digest each of the following fluids
EXCEPT one. Which one is the Bile is secreted by the liver to carry away waste and to break down fats during
EXCEPTION? digestion.
a. protein
b. fat
c. bile
d. carbohydrate
Functions of the adult liver include all of b. bile storage/concentration
the following EXCEPT one. Which one is
the EXCEPTION? The gallbladder stores the bile produced by the liver.
a. bile production
b. bile storage/concentration
c. regulate blood clotting
d. remove glucose from the bloodstream
cortical nephrons
Microscopic functional units that make up
the bulk of the kidney are called
Anabolism
Which aspect of metabolism includes de
novo synthesis and requires DNA, RNA,
Anabolism allows the body to grow new cells
mRNA, and rRNA?
and maintain all the tissues.
Urine is composed of what percentage of 95%
water?
Each of the following are effects of Geographic tongue
dehydration EXCEPT one. Which one is
the EXCEPTION?
a. Dizziness
b. Geographic tongue
c. Headache
d. Fatigue
e. Dark urine
®™
