Dermatological Conditions Exam Questions and Answers Graded A+
Types of Dermatological Conditions - Answers - general
- bacterial
- viral
- fungal
- parasitic
Dermatitis - Answers inflammation of the skin
causes: MANY
types:
- contact dermatitis
- actinic dermatitis
- eczema
- psoriasis
Contact Dermatitis - Answers caused by direct contact with an irritant
Actinic Dermatitis - Answers caused by exposure to an irritating light source (i.e. sunlight)
Eczema - Answers causes:
- contact allergen
- habitual scratching
Eczema S&S - Answers signs:
- erythema
- scales
- vesicles
- common over hands & feet, bend in elbows, back of knees, face, neck, upper chest
symptoms:
,- moderate to intense itching
Eczema Referral/Treatment/Participation in Sports - Answers referral:
- if persistent - to find out cause
treatment:
- topical cortisone creams may be helpful
- antibiotic (oral or topical) may be necessary if signs of infection are present
- oral steroid used with severe cases
participation in sports:
- full unless infection is present or the reaction is severe
Psoriasis - Answers mechanism:
- genetic, chronic, recurring (exacerbation-remission cycle)
- usually begins in childhood
- may be a result of increased epidermal cell proliferation
- may follow streptococcal infection
characteristics:
- prognosis depends on the extent and severity of the initial involvement
* usually, the earlier in life it begins, the greater the severity
Psoriasis Signs - Answers - scaling, papular infection
- no epithelial eruptions, wet areas, or crusts
- flat topped papules covered with thin, grayish-white plaque
- under dry scales are red bleeding points
- lesions are sharply demarcated
, - begins as small, red, scaly papules
- progress to round or oval plaques
- in skin folds: deep red, macerated plaques
- most common on extensor surfaces of elbows & knees, scalp, nails, and gluteal clefts
Psoriasis Referral and Treatment - Answers referral:
- refer to MD for evaluation and treatment
treatment:
- acute attacks usually clear up (complete remission is rare)
- effective treatments are few
- lubricants should be tried first (keratolytics, topical corticosteroids)
- exposure to sunlight is recommended
- severe cases methotrexate is taken orally
Psoriasis Participation in Sports - Answers - some athletes will also have psoriatic arthritis which typically
affects distal joints of hands and feet
- if athletes has psoriatic arthritis, participation may be limited. otherwise, participation is as tolerated
Urticaria - Answers common term: hives
mechanism:
- histamine release secondary to an allergic reaction
SOME causes:
- food, infections ,insect bites, heat, pollen, medications, physical stimuli, hormones, genetics
Types of Urticaria - Answers - dermatographism = induced by rubbing or stroking the skin with clothing
- cholinergic urticaria = hives occur during or shortly after exposure to heat or overheating the body
- cold urticaria = occurs in response to exposure to cold
Types of Dermatological Conditions - Answers - general
- bacterial
- viral
- fungal
- parasitic
Dermatitis - Answers inflammation of the skin
causes: MANY
types:
- contact dermatitis
- actinic dermatitis
- eczema
- psoriasis
Contact Dermatitis - Answers caused by direct contact with an irritant
Actinic Dermatitis - Answers caused by exposure to an irritating light source (i.e. sunlight)
Eczema - Answers causes:
- contact allergen
- habitual scratching
Eczema S&S - Answers signs:
- erythema
- scales
- vesicles
- common over hands & feet, bend in elbows, back of knees, face, neck, upper chest
symptoms:
,- moderate to intense itching
Eczema Referral/Treatment/Participation in Sports - Answers referral:
- if persistent - to find out cause
treatment:
- topical cortisone creams may be helpful
- antibiotic (oral or topical) may be necessary if signs of infection are present
- oral steroid used with severe cases
participation in sports:
- full unless infection is present or the reaction is severe
Psoriasis - Answers mechanism:
- genetic, chronic, recurring (exacerbation-remission cycle)
- usually begins in childhood
- may be a result of increased epidermal cell proliferation
- may follow streptococcal infection
characteristics:
- prognosis depends on the extent and severity of the initial involvement
* usually, the earlier in life it begins, the greater the severity
Psoriasis Signs - Answers - scaling, papular infection
- no epithelial eruptions, wet areas, or crusts
- flat topped papules covered with thin, grayish-white plaque
- under dry scales are red bleeding points
- lesions are sharply demarcated
, - begins as small, red, scaly papules
- progress to round or oval plaques
- in skin folds: deep red, macerated plaques
- most common on extensor surfaces of elbows & knees, scalp, nails, and gluteal clefts
Psoriasis Referral and Treatment - Answers referral:
- refer to MD for evaluation and treatment
treatment:
- acute attacks usually clear up (complete remission is rare)
- effective treatments are few
- lubricants should be tried first (keratolytics, topical corticosteroids)
- exposure to sunlight is recommended
- severe cases methotrexate is taken orally
Psoriasis Participation in Sports - Answers - some athletes will also have psoriatic arthritis which typically
affects distal joints of hands and feet
- if athletes has psoriatic arthritis, participation may be limited. otherwise, participation is as tolerated
Urticaria - Answers common term: hives
mechanism:
- histamine release secondary to an allergic reaction
SOME causes:
- food, infections ,insect bites, heat, pollen, medications, physical stimuli, hormones, genetics
Types of Urticaria - Answers - dermatographism = induced by rubbing or stroking the skin with clothing
- cholinergic urticaria = hives occur during or shortly after exposure to heat or overheating the body
- cold urticaria = occurs in response to exposure to cold
