D115 NURS 5800 Advanced Pathophysiology
(PMHNP)
Complete Midterm Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which neurotransmitter imbalance is most commonly
associated with Major Depressive Disorder?
- a) Dopamine
- b) Serotonin
- c) Norepinephrine
- d) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
ANS : b) Serotonin
Rationale : Serotonin dysregulation is often implicated in the
pathophysiology of depression.
2. What is the primary mechanism of action for selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
©2025
, - a) Inhibiting serotonin production
- b) Blocking serotonin reuptake
- c) Enhancing dopamine release
- d) Increasing GABA activity
ANS : b) Blocking serotonin reuptake
Rationale : SSRIs increase synaptic serotonin levels by
preventing its reuptake.
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Fill-in-the-Blank
3. The hypersecretion of cortisol in chronic stress affects the
________ system, leading to immune suppression.
ANS : hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
Rationale : Chronic stress dysregulates the HPA axis,
suppressing immunity.
4. Demyelination in Multiple Sclerosis disrupts ________
conduction in affected neurons.
ANS : action potential
Rationale : The loss of myelin impairs efficient nerve signal
transmission.
©2025
, ---
True/False
5. The pathophysiology of schizophrenia involves increased
dopaminergic activity in certain brain regions.
ANS : True
Rationale : Hyperactivity of dopamine pathways is a key
component of schizophrenia.
6. Neuroplasticity refers to the brain's inability to adapt to injury
or environmental changes.
ANS : False
Rationale : Neuroplasticity allows the brain to reorganize and
adapt to changes or damage.
---
Multiple Response
7. Which factors contribute to the pathophysiology of
Alzheimer's disease? (Select all that apply)
- a) Beta-amyloid plaques
©2025
(PMHNP)
Complete Midterm Exam Review (Qns & Ans)
2025
1. Which neurotransmitter imbalance is most commonly
associated with Major Depressive Disorder?
- a) Dopamine
- b) Serotonin
- c) Norepinephrine
- d) Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
ANS : b) Serotonin
Rationale : Serotonin dysregulation is often implicated in the
pathophysiology of depression.
2. What is the primary mechanism of action for selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?
©2025
, - a) Inhibiting serotonin production
- b) Blocking serotonin reuptake
- c) Enhancing dopamine release
- d) Increasing GABA activity
ANS : b) Blocking serotonin reuptake
Rationale : SSRIs increase synaptic serotonin levels by
preventing its reuptake.
---
Fill-in-the-Blank
3. The hypersecretion of cortisol in chronic stress affects the
________ system, leading to immune suppression.
ANS : hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
Rationale : Chronic stress dysregulates the HPA axis,
suppressing immunity.
4. Demyelination in Multiple Sclerosis disrupts ________
conduction in affected neurons.
ANS : action potential
Rationale : The loss of myelin impairs efficient nerve signal
transmission.
©2025
, ---
True/False
5. The pathophysiology of schizophrenia involves increased
dopaminergic activity in certain brain regions.
ANS : True
Rationale : Hyperactivity of dopamine pathways is a key
component of schizophrenia.
6. Neuroplasticity refers to the brain's inability to adapt to injury
or environmental changes.
ANS : False
Rationale : Neuroplasticity allows the brain to reorganize and
adapt to changes or damage.
---
Multiple Response
7. Which factors contribute to the pathophysiology of
Alzheimer's disease? (Select all that apply)
- a) Beta-amyloid plaques
©2025
