1|Page
NBME 25 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEED PASS
(LATEST UPDATE)
Exam Section 1: Item 1 of 50
National Board of Medical Examiners
Comprehensive Basic Science Self-Assessment
1. A75-year-old man has decreased exercise tolerance and occasional syncopal
episodes related to exertion. Left-heart catheterization discloses this pressure
tracing (Ao -aorta; LV -left ventricle; LA -
left atrium). The most frequently encountered mechanism underlying this
disorder is which of the following?
ЕCG
A) Amyloid deposition
150-
B) Calcification
C) Cystic medial necrosis
D) Pericardial effusion
100-
O E) Septal hypertrophy
Ao
50-
LV
LA
,2|Page
Time
Time-
Correct Answer: B.
The pressure tracing demonstrates a large pressure gradient between the left
ventricle and aorta during systole, which is consistent with the diagnosis of aortic
stenosis. In the setting of aortic stenosis, the left ventricle must generate higher
pressures in order to
overcome the opening resistance of the stenotic valve. This increased,
2
Exam Section 1: Item 2 of 50
National Board of Medical Examiners
Comprehensive Basic Science Self-Assessment
2. New reagents are being designed to treat graft-versus-host disease in HLA-
unrelated bone marrow transplant recipients. Reagents should be designed that
selectively deplete which of the following donor cells?
A) B lymphocytes
O B) Dendritic cells
C) Macrophages
D) Neutrophils
E) T lymphocytes
Correct Answer: E.
T lymphocytes, which are responsible for the immune attack against the recipient,
should be the target of agents used to treat graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in
,3|Page
HLA-unrelated bone marrow transplant recipients. Prior to grafting of allogeneic
stem cells in a bone
marrow transplant, recipient native marrow must be completely ablated. It is
then replaced with donor marrow, which recolonizes the marrow cavity.
Successful transplantation results in reconstitution of the immune system with
the donor's i,
3
Exam Section 1: Item 3 of 50
National Board of Medical Examiners
Comprehensive Basic Science Self-Assessment
3. A9-year-old boy has had alopecia and hypocalcemia since birth. His serum 1,25-
dihydroxycholecalciferol concentration is within the reference range, serum
24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is undetectable. Serum parathyroid hormone
concentration is above
the upper limit of the laboratory assay and needs to be reassayed at a dilution.
The results are pending. Which of the following is the most likely cause of his
condition?
O A) Loss-of-function mutation in the calcium-sensing receptor
B) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I
C) Mutations inactivating the vitamin D 24-hydroxylase gene
D) Mutations inactivating the vitamin D receptor
Correct Answer: D.
, 4|Page
Vitamin D plays a role in serum calcium and phosphate homeostasis by promoting
the intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
also h,
4
Exam Section 1: Item 4 of 50
National Board of Medical Examiners®
Comprehensive Basic Science Self-Assessment
4. Assuming the positive predictive value of a test is 50% and the negative
predictive value is 75%, which of the following tables are consistent with these
values?
Disease
Disease
Present
Absent
Present
Absent
A
B
Positive
50
50
750
NBME 25 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS 100% GUARANTEED PASS
(LATEST UPDATE)
Exam Section 1: Item 1 of 50
National Board of Medical Examiners
Comprehensive Basic Science Self-Assessment
1. A75-year-old man has decreased exercise tolerance and occasional syncopal
episodes related to exertion. Left-heart catheterization discloses this pressure
tracing (Ao -aorta; LV -left ventricle; LA -
left atrium). The most frequently encountered mechanism underlying this
disorder is which of the following?
ЕCG
A) Amyloid deposition
150-
B) Calcification
C) Cystic medial necrosis
D) Pericardial effusion
100-
O E) Septal hypertrophy
Ao
50-
LV
LA
,2|Page
Time
Time-
Correct Answer: B.
The pressure tracing demonstrates a large pressure gradient between the left
ventricle and aorta during systole, which is consistent with the diagnosis of aortic
stenosis. In the setting of aortic stenosis, the left ventricle must generate higher
pressures in order to
overcome the opening resistance of the stenotic valve. This increased,
2
Exam Section 1: Item 2 of 50
National Board of Medical Examiners
Comprehensive Basic Science Self-Assessment
2. New reagents are being designed to treat graft-versus-host disease in HLA-
unrelated bone marrow transplant recipients. Reagents should be designed that
selectively deplete which of the following donor cells?
A) B lymphocytes
O B) Dendritic cells
C) Macrophages
D) Neutrophils
E) T lymphocytes
Correct Answer: E.
T lymphocytes, which are responsible for the immune attack against the recipient,
should be the target of agents used to treat graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in
,3|Page
HLA-unrelated bone marrow transplant recipients. Prior to grafting of allogeneic
stem cells in a bone
marrow transplant, recipient native marrow must be completely ablated. It is
then replaced with donor marrow, which recolonizes the marrow cavity.
Successful transplantation results in reconstitution of the immune system with
the donor's i,
3
Exam Section 1: Item 3 of 50
National Board of Medical Examiners
Comprehensive Basic Science Self-Assessment
3. A9-year-old boy has had alopecia and hypocalcemia since birth. His serum 1,25-
dihydroxycholecalciferol concentration is within the reference range, serum
24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is undetectable. Serum parathyroid hormone
concentration is above
the upper limit of the laboratory assay and needs to be reassayed at a dilution.
The results are pending. Which of the following is the most likely cause of his
condition?
O A) Loss-of-function mutation in the calcium-sensing receptor
B) Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I
C) Mutations inactivating the vitamin D 24-hydroxylase gene
D) Mutations inactivating the vitamin D receptor
Correct Answer: D.
, 4|Page
Vitamin D plays a role in serum calcium and phosphate homeostasis by promoting
the intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
also h,
4
Exam Section 1: Item 4 of 50
National Board of Medical Examiners®
Comprehensive Basic Science Self-Assessment
4. Assuming the positive predictive value of a test is 50% and the negative
predictive value is 75%, which of the following tables are consistent with these
values?
Disease
Disease
Present
Absent
Present
Absent
A
B
Positive
50
50
750
