Assignment 1 2025
Detailed Solutions, References & Explanations
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Due Date: 2025
QUESTION 1
1.1.
1.1.1 African Socialism
African socialism is a political ideology that seeks to combine the principles of socialism with
African values and traditions. It places emphasis on collective responsibility and community
development, and aims to address social and economic inequalities.
Unlike Western socialism, African socialism incorporates indigenous cultural elements and
moral principles, rejecting class struggle and instead promoting unity. Leaders like Julius
Nyerere in Tanzania and Kwame Nkrumah in Ghana advanced this ideology to shape
development after colonialism. Nyerere’s Arusha Declaration of 1967 introduced Ujamaa
(familyhood), advocating for shared resources and collective farming. African socialism was a
means to break away from colonial capitalist systems, encouraging economic independence
and political dignity. However, critics argue that some African socialist policies lacked technical
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