MTL200 Final Exam Prep Questions with Correct
Solutions
atomic mass vs. atomic weight
Mass : the sum of Protons and Neutrons of the element.
Weight : Weighted avgerage of the isotopes of given element
quantum numbers (name, visual meaning, symbol)
Principle : Shell -- energy level / size (n)
Angular Momentum : Subshell -- cloud shape (l)
Magnetic : Orbital -- cloud shape variant (m_{l})
Spin : Spin -- electron spin (up/down) (m_{s})
subshell letters (in order and shape name)
s (sphere), p (dumbbell), d (pedal), f (double pedal)
how to setup orbital order
orbitals in the same column, energy levels in the same row.
shave off the top corner.
Group 1, Group 2, Group 7, Group 8 electron config values
s^1, s^2, p^5, p^6
monovalent, divalent
monovalent: 1 electron needed to gain or lose to fill valence
divalent: 2 electrons needed to gain or lose to fill valence
, equilibrium spacing
distance between two atoms where net force is zero.
minimum energy level.
bonding energy
the amount of energy needed to separate two charged particles at an infinite distance.
ionic bonding properties and reason
melting point : strong bonds
brittle : rigid/fixed atom arrangement
electrically insulated : very stable electrons
metallic bonding and ion core
ion cores is the nucleus and non-valence electrons of an atom.
metals are made of this. the valence electrons are shared amongst themselves.
van der Waals forces
very weak intermolecular forces of attraction
IMFs in inert gasses
only van der waals
anions for hydrogen bonding
fluorine, oxygen, chlorine
metal-ionic bonds
Solutions
atomic mass vs. atomic weight
Mass : the sum of Protons and Neutrons of the element.
Weight : Weighted avgerage of the isotopes of given element
quantum numbers (name, visual meaning, symbol)
Principle : Shell -- energy level / size (n)
Angular Momentum : Subshell -- cloud shape (l)
Magnetic : Orbital -- cloud shape variant (m_{l})
Spin : Spin -- electron spin (up/down) (m_{s})
subshell letters (in order and shape name)
s (sphere), p (dumbbell), d (pedal), f (double pedal)
how to setup orbital order
orbitals in the same column, energy levels in the same row.
shave off the top corner.
Group 1, Group 2, Group 7, Group 8 electron config values
s^1, s^2, p^5, p^6
monovalent, divalent
monovalent: 1 electron needed to gain or lose to fill valence
divalent: 2 electrons needed to gain or lose to fill valence
, equilibrium spacing
distance between two atoms where net force is zero.
minimum energy level.
bonding energy
the amount of energy needed to separate two charged particles at an infinite distance.
ionic bonding properties and reason
melting point : strong bonds
brittle : rigid/fixed atom arrangement
electrically insulated : very stable electrons
metallic bonding and ion core
ion cores is the nucleus and non-valence electrons of an atom.
metals are made of this. the valence electrons are shared amongst themselves.
van der Waals forces
very weak intermolecular forces of attraction
IMFs in inert gasses
only van der waals
anions for hydrogen bonding
fluorine, oxygen, chlorine
metal-ionic bonds
