OTD 433 Final
OTD 433 FINAL EXAM 2025
Which pathway must you have a certification in PAMS to use them? - Nebraska
What type of force does iontophoresis use to administer medicatoin? - low-
intensity, direct electrical current to create a therapeutic effect.
Iontophoresis uses transdermal drug delivery system. T or F - True
What type of conditions can iontophoresis treat? - -musculoskeletal conditions
- actue inflammatory conditions
-modify scar tissue
How does iontophoresis work? - delivers ionic drugs across the barrier because the
charged drugs help to carry the current to complete and electrical circuit.
-like charges repel and opposite charges attract to help push the medication into the
patient
What are common indications for use of iontophoresis? - -inflammatory conditions
-local anestesia
-decrease joint pain
What are precautions and contraindications for use of iontophoresis? - -patients
with known sensitivity or allergy to medication
-care for those who might be pregnant
OTD 433 Final
,OTD 433 Final
-patients with diabetes that are insulin dependent (corticosteroids)
-shellfish allergy with iodex for scar mgt.
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication:
lidocaine hydrochloride - -analgesia, bursitis, neuritis
-positive polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication: 1%
and 2% sodium salicylate - -Analgesia, plantar warts
-negative polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication:
hyaluronidase (wydase) - -swelling, sprians, strains
-positive polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication: tap
water - -hyperhidrosis of palms and feet
-positive and negative polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication: 2%
copper sulfate - -antibacterial, fungicidal; athlete's foot
-positive polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication: 2%
acetic acid solution - -calcium deposits, calcific tendinitis myositis, ossificans,
musculoskeletal conditions
OTD 433 Final
, OTD 433 Final
-negative polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication: 1mL
0.4% dexamethasone sodium phosphate (decadron) - -anti-inflammatory,
osteoarthritis, bursitis, tendinitis
-negative polarity
Which form of electrotherapy is used for pain modulation? - TENS with alternating
current
Which form of electrotherapy is used for drug delivery? - iontophoresis with direct
current
which form of electrotherapy is used for movement/muscle stimulation? - NMES
with alternating current
which pain theory helped to develop TENS? - gate control therory of pain
gate-control theory - the theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological "gate"
that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain. The "gate" is
opened by the activity of pain signals traveling up small nerve fibers and is closed
by activity in larger fibers or by information coming from the brain.
nociceptors =
mechanoreceptors =
and both synapse where? - pain fibers
OTD 433 Final
OTD 433 FINAL EXAM 2025
Which pathway must you have a certification in PAMS to use them? - Nebraska
What type of force does iontophoresis use to administer medicatoin? - low-
intensity, direct electrical current to create a therapeutic effect.
Iontophoresis uses transdermal drug delivery system. T or F - True
What type of conditions can iontophoresis treat? - -musculoskeletal conditions
- actue inflammatory conditions
-modify scar tissue
How does iontophoresis work? - delivers ionic drugs across the barrier because the
charged drugs help to carry the current to complete and electrical circuit.
-like charges repel and opposite charges attract to help push the medication into the
patient
What are common indications for use of iontophoresis? - -inflammatory conditions
-local anestesia
-decrease joint pain
What are precautions and contraindications for use of iontophoresis? - -patients
with known sensitivity or allergy to medication
-care for those who might be pregnant
OTD 433 Final
,OTD 433 Final
-patients with diabetes that are insulin dependent (corticosteroids)
-shellfish allergy with iodex for scar mgt.
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication:
lidocaine hydrochloride - -analgesia, bursitis, neuritis
-positive polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication: 1%
and 2% sodium salicylate - -Analgesia, plantar warts
-negative polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication:
hyaluronidase (wydase) - -swelling, sprians, strains
-positive polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication: tap
water - -hyperhidrosis of palms and feet
-positive and negative polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication: 2%
copper sulfate - -antibacterial, fungicidal; athlete's foot
-positive polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication: 2%
acetic acid solution - -calcium deposits, calcific tendinitis myositis, ossificans,
musculoskeletal conditions
OTD 433 Final
, OTD 433 Final
-negative polarity
Describe the therapeutic indication and polarity of iontophoresis medication: 1mL
0.4% dexamethasone sodium phosphate (decadron) - -anti-inflammatory,
osteoarthritis, bursitis, tendinitis
-negative polarity
Which form of electrotherapy is used for pain modulation? - TENS with alternating
current
Which form of electrotherapy is used for drug delivery? - iontophoresis with direct
current
which form of electrotherapy is used for movement/muscle stimulation? - NMES
with alternating current
which pain theory helped to develop TENS? - gate control therory of pain
gate-control theory - the theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological "gate"
that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain. The "gate" is
opened by the activity of pain signals traveling up small nerve fibers and is closed
by activity in larger fibers or by information coming from the brain.
nociceptors =
mechanoreceptors =
and both synapse where? - pain fibers
OTD 433 Final
