AC I D B AS E T H E OR I t s
AR R H t N I U s 1189 Os
Ac D s
l P R O D U CE Ht 1 ON S I N A Q V E OU s sl N
B A S E S P RO D V C E OH I 0 N S IN A QU E O U s s l n
WA T E R R E QU I R t D s 0 ONL Y AL L O W S f OR
A Q U t OV s s O l Vi l ONS
LED TO
BRO N S T E D L OWR Y 11923
AC l Ds p r O t on DO N OR S
BA s t s PRO T O N Ac c t p TO RS
A QU t OU S S L NS PE R MI S S I B h E
A l k A l l B AS E THA i D i s s O l v t s l n w A t t r
f OR m i n h OH ay I 0 NS
A l l D s rS B A SE S
pH 7 p H 7 pH 7
Ac ins proton neutral Bast s Proton
D O N OR S Htt OH H2O A C C t P t O Rs
Ht 1 O N Al k A l l B A s t THA t
p l S S O L VE S I N H2O
TO f O R M OH IO NS
Ht l O N s
X HY D R O h t N l ON
I l P R O to N I
I N WA T E R
P R O T ON A T T A CHED
TO N AT E R MO L
TO MA k t Ht l O N
I S O m t t l ME S
H Y D R O a c N A T OM S H OWN AS Hsot
I P r o t ON t l
E l t l t RO N
AC i D B AS E R E A l t l 0 N S I N V U L VE T R A N S FER
O f P R O T ON S
, AC l D s t BAS E S I N s O l u t I 0N
Ht proton transfer I MOLE Of HClCgt PRODUCES 1 MOLE Of Htcaq
IONS WHEN DISSOLVES IN WATER
HClCgt H2O l H O lag t l aq
HII A L T S AS AL I D AS DO N A T E S P R O T O N
HO AC t S AS B A S E AS A CC E P i S P R O T ON
AN Al I D I S A PR O T O N D O N O R
Ht 1 ON Ht aq R E S P O N S I B l E f O R A l l A l lD
R t A l t i 0 NS
I DE N t I f Y l Na A CI D s e BAS ES i
US E S B R 0 Ns i e D LOW R Y t H t O RY
US E s p r o r o n i R A N s f E R TO t E l l WH t t HER
SO M e i H I N G I S Al I D OR B A S E
proionirAN.cn
H2O t NH OH t NHI
t 1120 AL T S AS A C I D As DO N A T E S P R O T ON
NHz Al i S AS B A SE AS ACC E P t S P R O i 0N
NA i t R I S A MP HO T E R l C
6
ACTS AS ACID 1 BASE
AM P H O t t R l l AB l l I t Y Of SU B S TA N C E TO
AC T A S BO T H A C l D OR B A S t
B R ON S T E D LOWR Y CON I U U A t t AC I D B AS E
P A l RS i
CON I U G A T E Al I D BA S E P A l r s
2 S PE C l E S C O NNE c i E D AS LO S E l 4 A 1 N
SA M E P R O T O N
HNA lah t 1120 l F 1130 AG t NO Aq
ACID1 BASE 2 ACID 2 BASE l
n 7
HSOt.AE
CONJUGATE ACIDBASE PAIR
0NO
CONJUGATE ACID BASE PAIR HNO
AR R H t N I U s 1189 Os
Ac D s
l P R O D U CE Ht 1 ON S I N A Q V E OU s sl N
B A S E S P RO D V C E OH I 0 N S IN A QU E O U s s l n
WA T E R R E QU I R t D s 0 ONL Y AL L O W S f OR
A Q U t OV s s O l Vi l ONS
LED TO
BRO N S T E D L OWR Y 11923
AC l Ds p r O t on DO N OR S
BA s t s PRO T O N Ac c t p TO RS
A QU t OU S S L NS PE R MI S S I B h E
A l k A l l B AS E THA i D i s s O l v t s l n w A t t r
f OR m i n h OH ay I 0 NS
A l l D s rS B A SE S
pH 7 p H 7 pH 7
Ac ins proton neutral Bast s Proton
D O N OR S Htt OH H2O A C C t P t O Rs
Ht 1 O N Al k A l l B A s t THA t
p l S S O L VE S I N H2O
TO f O R M OH IO NS
Ht l O N s
X HY D R O h t N l ON
I l P R O to N I
I N WA T E R
P R O T ON A T T A CHED
TO N AT E R MO L
TO MA k t Ht l O N
I S O m t t l ME S
H Y D R O a c N A T OM S H OWN AS Hsot
I P r o t ON t l
E l t l t RO N
AC i D B AS E R E A l t l 0 N S I N V U L VE T R A N S FER
O f P R O T ON S
, AC l D s t BAS E S I N s O l u t I 0N
Ht proton transfer I MOLE Of HClCgt PRODUCES 1 MOLE Of Htcaq
IONS WHEN DISSOLVES IN WATER
HClCgt H2O l H O lag t l aq
HII A L T S AS AL I D AS DO N A T E S P R O T O N
HO AC t S AS B A S E AS A CC E P i S P R O T ON
AN Al I D I S A PR O T O N D O N O R
Ht 1 ON Ht aq R E S P O N S I B l E f O R A l l A l lD
R t A l t i 0 NS
I DE N t I f Y l Na A CI D s e BAS ES i
US E S B R 0 Ns i e D LOW R Y t H t O RY
US E s p r o r o n i R A N s f E R TO t E l l WH t t HER
SO M e i H I N G I S Al I D OR B A S E
proionirAN.cn
H2O t NH OH t NHI
t 1120 AL T S AS A C I D As DO N A T E S P R O T ON
NHz Al i S AS B A SE AS ACC E P t S P R O i 0N
NA i t R I S A MP HO T E R l C
6
ACTS AS ACID 1 BASE
AM P H O t t R l l AB l l I t Y Of SU B S TA N C E TO
AC T A S BO T H A C l D OR B A S t
B R ON S T E D LOWR Y CON I U U A t t AC I D B AS E
P A l RS i
CON I U G A T E Al I D BA S E P A l r s
2 S PE C l E S C O NNE c i E D AS LO S E l 4 A 1 N
SA M E P R O T O N
HNA lah t 1120 l F 1130 AG t NO Aq
ACID1 BASE 2 ACID 2 BASE l
n 7
HSOt.AE
CONJUGATE ACIDBASE PAIR
0NO
CONJUGATE ACID BASE PAIR HNO
