BU f f e r s i
BU f f t n sO l u t l O N O N E T H A T I S A BL E T O
OP P O S E CH A Na E S l N pH
WH E N SM A l l Qu A N t i t IES
Of Ac l D l A l k A l l A DD ED
AC i D B V f f e r co N s i s i s O f WE A k n c lD t
I ts c o N uU h A T E BA s t lUs UA L L Y l N
fO RM O f I t s sA l i s
EG M l x TUR E Of CH COOH aq t CH COO Nat aq 1 S
Al I D B U f f t r
Ac l D B Vf f t r s a t n t r A l l 4 HA v e pH 4 t
E N O U h H Ht 1 O N A R OU N D T O M AK E PH
A CI D I L
B AS l C B Vf f E R I AL U AL i N t B U f f E R MA D E
O f WE A K BA S E t I t S CO N J U h A T E A CI D
lUS UA l l Y l N f OR M O f l Of I t s s AL i s
E a m i x TUR t O f N Hs aq t NH l Aq 1 S
. B AS l C B Uf f e R
B AS l c B U f t t RS US V A l l Y pn 9 t HA v e
E NO U a H O H I 0 NS A R OU N D T O M A K E DH
B A S 1 C
WH A T S IN A C I D BU f t t r s O l v i l ON
WE A n Ao I D P A RT l A l l Y DI s s OC l A TED
P nO v l D E S B U f f e r w i T H MA l NL Y HA
WH I L H CA N D l s s O C l A t E to P R O D V C E Ht
1O NS l f A l k A l l A D D ED
H A coral Ht ay t A ay
E G CH COO H ca al t H2O l I H 0111 t H Aq t H COO Aq
T H E W EA K Al i D S S A L i of l T S C O N J U a Ait
B AS E IS f U l l y Di s s O C l A T ED
THE S A L T P RO V l D t s t HE BU f f E R W I TH
A WH I L H C A N A C l t p t Ht l O N s l f A l iD
ADDE D ALWAYS SAY
AMOUNT Of ACIDIALKALI
MA aq A caq t MtCaq SMALL
E G CH COO Nat aq CH COO ca g t Nat Coral
HO W A C i D B U f f E RS WO R k i
MAk t 2 AS S U P t l O NS
, NK P O N
A l l A I 0 N S C OME f R OM S A L T NE A K
AL I D SUP P L I ES A f EW A l O NS BU T
AMO U N T I S S O S M A l l l T CA N BE
TH O U aH T O t AS N EG L U l B
I L E
A L MO S T AL L H A MO I E C U I t s P UT I N t O
BU f t t R R E M A l N V N CH A N G E D IW E A K A CI D
ON I 4 P A R t l A L LY D I S SO l l A T ED S0 AN Y
Ht l O w s f R OM W EA k A l l D THO Vh HT Of
AS N t a l l a l BL E
HA S OUR C E Ot Ht I 0 NS WH E N
N E E D E D
A AC i S AS S I N k f OR ANY
Ext R A Ht Caql ADD ED
l f A CI D EG H CI I t A l k A l l CG NaOH
AD D ED A DD E D
A l ON s pR t s e N t SMA L L A MO U N 1 Of Ht
I N B V t f E R SL N IO N S PR E S EN T I N
a nom saris react Butter sin a nom
W I T H E XT R A Ht 1 O N PA R t l A l L Y D i s SOCIATED
i O f O RM HA A C 1 DJ R E AC T W I T H OH
P R t v t N t l Na L A Rh t l ON s t O f O RM H2O
I N C RE A S E I N Ht AA MO R E H A W I L L
AN D H t N l E f AL L D I S SO C l A t E to
l N pH RE P I t N I S H Ht 1 ON S
P R EV t
I
Ni S L ARG E t
I N Ht t H E N L E R I S E pH
BUFFERS HAVE LARGE
RESEVOIRS Of WEAK
A I ID t CONJUGATE BASE
C O N T R O L L l Na B L OOD pH i
H U MA N BOD Y NE E D S PR EC l s t pH lON i R O L
I N CE R TA l N r t a l 0 Ns
E N 2 Y ME S HA V E OP t l mUm pH
p H l O N T R O L D O W N TO B L O OD B U f f E R
S OL U i l O N s ta BL OO D P l n s m n
MU s r BE
j7.35 7.45
pH
p H l ON i r o l LE D B Y L OT S of BU f f e r s
C A R BO N l C AC l D H YD R O h e N C A R B O NA i E
mo s t l M P O R TA N t H.CO 111105
BU f f t n sO l u t l O N O N E T H A T I S A BL E T O
OP P O S E CH A Na E S l N pH
WH E N SM A l l Qu A N t i t IES
Of Ac l D l A l k A l l A DD ED
AC i D B V f f e r co N s i s i s O f WE A k n c lD t
I ts c o N uU h A T E BA s t lUs UA L L Y l N
fO RM O f I t s sA l i s
EG M l x TUR E Of CH COOH aq t CH COO Nat aq 1 S
Al I D B U f f t r
Ac l D B Vf f t r s a t n t r A l l 4 HA v e pH 4 t
E N O U h H Ht 1 O N A R OU N D T O M AK E PH
A CI D I L
B AS l C B Vf f E R I AL U AL i N t B U f f E R MA D E
O f WE A K BA S E t I t S CO N J U h A T E A CI D
lUS UA l l Y l N f OR M O f l Of I t s s AL i s
E a m i x TUR t O f N Hs aq t NH l Aq 1 S
. B AS l C B Uf f e R
B AS l c B U f t t RS US V A l l Y pn 9 t HA v e
E NO U a H O H I 0 NS A R OU N D T O M A K E DH
B A S 1 C
WH A T S IN A C I D BU f t t r s O l v i l ON
WE A n Ao I D P A RT l A l l Y DI s s OC l A TED
P nO v l D E S B U f f e r w i T H MA l NL Y HA
WH I L H CA N D l s s O C l A t E to P R O D V C E Ht
1O NS l f A l k A l l A D D ED
H A coral Ht ay t A ay
E G CH COO H ca al t H2O l I H 0111 t H Aq t H COO Aq
T H E W EA K Al i D S S A L i of l T S C O N J U a Ait
B AS E IS f U l l y Di s s O C l A T ED
THE S A L T P RO V l D t s t HE BU f f E R W I TH
A WH I L H C A N A C l t p t Ht l O N s l f A l iD
ADDE D ALWAYS SAY
AMOUNT Of ACIDIALKALI
MA aq A caq t MtCaq SMALL
E G CH COO Nat aq CH COO ca g t Nat Coral
HO W A C i D B U f f E RS WO R k i
MAk t 2 AS S U P t l O NS
, NK P O N
A l l A I 0 N S C OME f R OM S A L T NE A K
AL I D SUP P L I ES A f EW A l O NS BU T
AMO U N T I S S O S M A l l l T CA N BE
TH O U aH T O t AS N EG L U l B
I L E
A L MO S T AL L H A MO I E C U I t s P UT I N t O
BU f t t R R E M A l N V N CH A N G E D IW E A K A CI D
ON I 4 P A R t l A L LY D I S SO l l A T ED S0 AN Y
Ht l O w s f R OM W EA k A l l D THO Vh HT Of
AS N t a l l a l BL E
HA S OUR C E Ot Ht I 0 NS WH E N
N E E D E D
A AC i S AS S I N k f OR ANY
Ext R A Ht Caql ADD ED
l f A CI D EG H CI I t A l k A l l CG NaOH
AD D ED A DD E D
A l ON s pR t s e N t SMA L L A MO U N 1 Of Ht
I N B V t f E R SL N IO N S PR E S EN T I N
a nom saris react Butter sin a nom
W I T H E XT R A Ht 1 O N PA R t l A l L Y D i s SOCIATED
i O f O RM HA A C 1 DJ R E AC T W I T H OH
P R t v t N t l Na L A Rh t l ON s t O f O RM H2O
I N C RE A S E I N Ht AA MO R E H A W I L L
AN D H t N l E f AL L D I S SO C l A t E to
l N pH RE P I t N I S H Ht 1 ON S
P R EV t
I
Ni S L ARG E t
I N Ht t H E N L E R I S E pH
BUFFERS HAVE LARGE
RESEVOIRS Of WEAK
A I ID t CONJUGATE BASE
C O N T R O L L l Na B L OOD pH i
H U MA N BOD Y NE E D S PR EC l s t pH lON i R O L
I N CE R TA l N r t a l 0 Ns
E N 2 Y ME S HA V E OP t l mUm pH
p H l O N T R O L D O W N TO B L O OD B U f f E R
S OL U i l O N s ta BL OO D P l n s m n
MU s r BE
j7.35 7.45
pH
p H l ON i r o l LE D B Y L OT S of BU f f e r s
C A R BO N l C AC l D H YD R O h e N C A R B O NA i E
mo s t l M P O R TA N t H.CO 111105
