Fundamentals- Exit HESI 2024/2025 graded A+ Exam Questions With Verified Answers

Fundamentals- Exit HESI 2024/2025 graded A+ Exam Questions With Verified Answers A client undergoing hemodialysis begins to experience muscle cramping. What is the best action by the hemodialysis nurse in this situation? - ANSWER-Decrease the ultrafiltration rate. Muscle cramps during hemodialysis result from either too rapid removal of water and sodium or neuromuscular hypersensitivity. The nurse corrects this situation by either slowing down the ultrafiltration rate on the hemodialyzerf or administering hypertonic or isotonic normal saline. .A client who is experiencing respiratory difficulty asks the nurse, "Why it is so much easier to breathe out than in?" In providing a response, the nurse explains that breathing is easier on exhalation because of which respiratory responses? - ANSWER-The respiratory muscles relax. Exhalation is less taxing for for the client because it is a passive process in which the respiratory muscles relax .A female client arrives for an annual well-woman checkup and cervical Pap test and tells the nurse that she has been using over the counter vaginal cream for the past 2 days to treat na infection. Which initial response should the nurse make? - ANSWER-Inform the client that the scheduled test cannot be done today. The OTC cream interferes with obtaining a cervical cellular sample, alters cytology analysis, and masks bacterial or STIs .A patient with a calcium imbalance is at risk for - ANSWER-a pathological fracture-- move the client carefully and slowly; assist client with ambulation .Administering phosphorous: - ANSWER-- Administer slowly because of the risk of hyper - Assess the renal system prior - Move carefully and monitor for a pathological fracture .African American culture - ANSWER-- head nodding does not always mean agreement - prolonged eye contact may be interpreted as rudeness or aggressive behavior - Personal questions asked on initial contact with a person may be considered intrusive - members generally comfortable with close personal space when interacting with family and friends .African American health risks - ANSWER-sickle cell anemia, hypertension, heart disease, cancer, lactose intolerance, DM, obesity .Amish - ANSWER-- in general have fewer risk factors than the general population because of their practice of manual labor, diet, and rare use of tobacco and alcohol - most amish need to have church permission to be hospitalized because their community will come together to help pay for the costs .Amish health risks - ANSWER-- genetic disorders because of intermarriage - non immunization - sexual abuse of women .Asian American health risks - ANSWER-hypertension, heart disease, cancer, lactose intolerance, thalassemia .Asian Americans cultural practices - ANSWER-- silence is valued - eye contact may be considered inappropriate and disrespectful (some Asian cultures interpret direct eye contact as sexual invitation) - Criticism and disagreement is not expressed verbally - members do not touch each other during conversation - for some cultures, touching is unacceptable between members of the opposite sex - the head is considered to be sacred in some cultures; touching someone on the head may be disrespectful - men have the power and authority and women are expected to be obedient .Assessment of postoperative pneumonia - ANSWER-Dyspnea, increased RR, crackles over involved lung area, elevated temp, productive cough and chest pain .Asterixis - ANSWER-irregular flapping movements of the fingers and wrists when the hands and arms are outstretched, with the palms down, wrists bent up, and fingers spread. most common and reliable sign that hepatic encephalopathy is developing .Best indicator of fluid balance - ANSWER-daily weight .Buddhism dietary preferences - ANSWER-- alcohol usually prohibited - many facto-ovo vegetarians - some eat fish, some avoid only beef .Carbon monoxide levels 60% - ANSWER-results in death .Carbon monoxide levels 21%-40% - ANSWER-nausea, vomiting, dizziness, tinnitus, vertigo, confusion, drowsiness, pale to reddish-purple skin, and tachycardia .Carbon monoxide levels 41%-60% - ANSWER-seizure and coma