Summary Biology As level Unit 4 Topic 6
With Questions And Correct Answers.
A ............... is the junction between a neurone and another neurone or
between a neurone and an effector cell.
The tiny gap between the cells at a ............... is called a ............... ...........
The pre................ neurone has a swelling called a ................. ............
this contains ................ vesicles filled with chemicals
called .............................. - Correct Answer--Synapse
Synapse synaptic cleft
Synaptic
Synaptic knob
Synaptic
Neurotransmitters
A bigger stimulus excites the membrane more causing a bigger
movement in ............ and a bigger change in ............... ................. so a
bigger .................. ....................... is produced - Correct Answer--Ions
Potential difference
Generator potential
A myofibril is made up of many short units called .................. the ends
of each one are marked with a .............. in the middle is an ..........
around this is the ............... which only contains myosin filaments -
Correct Answer--Sacromere
,Z line
M line
H zone
Action potentials are all one size so the strength of the stimulus is
measured by what? - Correct Answer--The frequency of action
potentials
An action potential is only triggered if the generator potential reaches a
certain level called............ - Correct Answer--Threshold level
Describe actin filaments - Correct Answer--Have binding sites for myosin
heads called actin-myosin binding sites , protein called tropomyosin is
found between actin filaments which helps myofilaments move past
each other
Describe fast twitch muscle fibres (7 points) - Correct Answer--Contract
quickly but get tired quickly
Good for short bursts of speed and power
Found in muscles for fast movement such as eyes, legs , arms
Energy is released quickly through respiration using glucose
Have stores of PCr so energy can be generated quickly
,Have few mitochondria, blood vessels and myoglobin so don't store
much oxygen
Store excess glucose as glycogen which is converted back when needed
Describe myosin filaments - Correct Answer--Have globular heads that
are hinged so they can move back and forth - each head has a binding
site for actin and a binding site for ATP
Describe slow twitch muscle fibres (7points) - Correct Answer--Contact
slowly
Work for long time
Good for endurance activities
Energy released slowly from aerobic respiration
Lots of mitochondria and blood vessels
Mitochondria found near edge so there's short diffusion pathway
Rich in myoglobin (stores oxygen)
Describe the loop of Henle - Correct Answer--Located in the medulla of
the kidneys
Made up of 2limbs- the descending limb and ascending limb
These limbs control the movement of sodium ions so water can be
reabsorbed by the blood
, describe the myelin sheath - Correct Answer--Is an electrical insulator in
the peripheral nervous system which is made up of Schwann cell.
Between the Schwann cells are tiny patches of bare membrane called
the nodes of ranvier where sodium ion channels are concentrated
Describe the negative feedback system - Correct Answer--Receptors
detect when a level is too high or low, information is communicated via
nervous system or hormonal system to effectors-the effectors respond
to counteract the change bringing the level back to normal , involved in
homeostasis
Describe the resting membrane potential - Correct Answer--Polarised-
Outside of membrane is positively charged compared to inside so
there's a difference in charge across it. Voltage is about 70mv
Describe the resting membrane potential - Correct Answer--Polarised-
Outside of membrane is positively charged compared to inside so
there's a difference in charge across it. Voltage is about 70mv
Describe the waves of depolarisation - Correct Answer--When an action
potential happens some of the sodium ions that enter the neurone
diffuse sideways causing sodium ion channels in the next region to open
causing a wave to travel along the neurone
With Questions And Correct Answers.
A ............... is the junction between a neurone and another neurone or
between a neurone and an effector cell.
The tiny gap between the cells at a ............... is called a ............... ...........
The pre................ neurone has a swelling called a ................. ............
this contains ................ vesicles filled with chemicals
called .............................. - Correct Answer--Synapse
Synapse synaptic cleft
Synaptic
Synaptic knob
Synaptic
Neurotransmitters
A bigger stimulus excites the membrane more causing a bigger
movement in ............ and a bigger change in ............... ................. so a
bigger .................. ....................... is produced - Correct Answer--Ions
Potential difference
Generator potential
A myofibril is made up of many short units called .................. the ends
of each one are marked with a .............. in the middle is an ..........
around this is the ............... which only contains myosin filaments -
Correct Answer--Sacromere
,Z line
M line
H zone
Action potentials are all one size so the strength of the stimulus is
measured by what? - Correct Answer--The frequency of action
potentials
An action potential is only triggered if the generator potential reaches a
certain level called............ - Correct Answer--Threshold level
Describe actin filaments - Correct Answer--Have binding sites for myosin
heads called actin-myosin binding sites , protein called tropomyosin is
found between actin filaments which helps myofilaments move past
each other
Describe fast twitch muscle fibres (7 points) - Correct Answer--Contract
quickly but get tired quickly
Good for short bursts of speed and power
Found in muscles for fast movement such as eyes, legs , arms
Energy is released quickly through respiration using glucose
Have stores of PCr so energy can be generated quickly
,Have few mitochondria, blood vessels and myoglobin so don't store
much oxygen
Store excess glucose as glycogen which is converted back when needed
Describe myosin filaments - Correct Answer--Have globular heads that
are hinged so they can move back and forth - each head has a binding
site for actin and a binding site for ATP
Describe slow twitch muscle fibres (7points) - Correct Answer--Contact
slowly
Work for long time
Good for endurance activities
Energy released slowly from aerobic respiration
Lots of mitochondria and blood vessels
Mitochondria found near edge so there's short diffusion pathway
Rich in myoglobin (stores oxygen)
Describe the loop of Henle - Correct Answer--Located in the medulla of
the kidneys
Made up of 2limbs- the descending limb and ascending limb
These limbs control the movement of sodium ions so water can be
reabsorbed by the blood
, describe the myelin sheath - Correct Answer--Is an electrical insulator in
the peripheral nervous system which is made up of Schwann cell.
Between the Schwann cells are tiny patches of bare membrane called
the nodes of ranvier where sodium ion channels are concentrated
Describe the negative feedback system - Correct Answer--Receptors
detect when a level is too high or low, information is communicated via
nervous system or hormonal system to effectors-the effectors respond
to counteract the change bringing the level back to normal , involved in
homeostasis
Describe the resting membrane potential - Correct Answer--Polarised-
Outside of membrane is positively charged compared to inside so
there's a difference in charge across it. Voltage is about 70mv
Describe the resting membrane potential - Correct Answer--Polarised-
Outside of membrane is positively charged compared to inside so
there's a difference in charge across it. Voltage is about 70mv
Describe the waves of depolarisation - Correct Answer--When an action
potential happens some of the sodium ions that enter the neurone
diffuse sideways causing sodium ion channels in the next region to open
causing a wave to travel along the neurone
